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Role of Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Vitmin- C Level in Non-Smokers and Chronic Smokers with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) in Male Ranjit Ambad; Saurabh Hadke; Pradip Jain; Ashish Anjankar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15049

Introduction: Cigarette smoking is recognized as a serious health hazard as each cigarette tears away 7-11minutes of human life. The present study aimed to investigate the serum MDA and vitamin c levels in nonsmoker and chronic smoker with AMI patient and its association with cigarette consumption. Cigarettesmoke contains many oxidants capable of generating reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species.These species play a key role in oxidative stress, leading to the development and progression of manydisorders, including hypertension, cancer, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases.Methods: This study was conducted in the Medicine Department at DMMC & SMHRC, Nagpur incollaboration with ABVRH, Sawangi (Meghe) during September 2020 to January 2021. Informed consentwas obtained from all the subjects. 40 controls who were apparently healthy non-smokers were includedafter appropriate matching (for age and sex) and 40 apparently healthy chronic smokers were selected 40chronic smokers with diagnosed acute myocardial infarction were selected from SMHRC. All of them weremale subjectsResult: The MDA and vitamin C were compared between Group A and Group B and also between Group Band Group C. There was a significant rise in MDA (p<0.0001) and significant decrease in vitamin C (p<0.01)in Group B compared to Group A. There was a significant rise in MDA (p<0.0001) and significant decreasein vitamin C (p<0.001) in Group C compared to Group B.Conclusions: The increase in serum MDA level and decrease in vitamin C was found in chronic smokerscompared to non-smokers. It was also found that there is increase in serum MDA and decrease in vitamin Cin smokers with AMI compared with smokers without AMI, and the reason for this inter-subject variabilityof MDA and vitamin C levels may be due to gene-environmental factors.

Study of Acute Renal Failure in Anemic Patients at Vidharbha Region Gangaram Bhadarge; Pradip Jain; Neha Bhatt; Archana Dhok
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15081

Introduction: Anemia is commonly characterised as haemoglobin in men of less than 13.0 g/dL andin premenopausal women of less than 12.0 g/dL. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) anaemia is a type ofnormocytic normochromic hypo-proliferative anaemia. It is also associated with poor results in CKD andraises mortality among other CKD complications. After a greater than 50 percent loss of kidney function,the disease normally begins to progress, generally when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) falls to lessthan 60 mL/min. When chronic kidney disease (CKD) progresses, the seriousness of anaemia continues toworsen. Erythropoietin deficiency in renal development and the incidence of anaemia do not always appearto correlate with renal impairment severity.Material and Methods: Total 60 patients of iron deficiency anemia were taken for the study which contains55% (33) male patients and 45% (27) of female patients. This is a cross-sectional investigation whereincases were out-patients. Patients went to the Directly Observed Treatment Short-course focus in the Dept. ofGeneral Medicine. The samples were used to analyze serum urea, Creatinine and Hematocrit value.Result: The level of urea in male (260.69±38.25) is non-significantly high than in female (241.0±34.16)patients.The hematocrit value was significantly low in both men and women (p=0.0006) indicating nodifference irrespective of gender. However, it was discovered that the mean value of females (20.14±2.63)was higher than that of males (17.90 ±2.16).Conclusion: Our study concluded that hematocrit value had a strong association with acute renal failureirrespective of the gender and the severity of the anemia is independent of the maximum or minimum valueof the creatinine or urea.

Study of LDH Isoenzymes in Myocardial Infraction at Vidharbha Region (Central India) Rakesh Kumar Jha; Pradip Jain; Ankita Khandolkar; Archana Dhok
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15084

Introduction: A significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide is myocardial infarction (MI).Within the first few hours of the beginning of MI, the greatest risk of death occurs. Thus, for the effectivetreatment of patients with MI, early detection of cardiac ischemia is essential. Inappropriate diagnosis ofpatients with chest pain sometimes leads to improper admission, and vice versa, of patients without MI.Physical examination, precise ECG results and evaluation of cardiac biomarkers play an important rolein the early diagnosis of acute ischemia, in addition to clinical history. In the present analysis, the cardiacbiomarker lactate dehydrogenase released during a MI event is discussed in depth.Aim: We conducted a cross sectional study to examine the different levels of LDH isoenzymes in myocardialinfarction patients those admitted in cardiac care unit in SMHRC Nagpur.Material and Methods: The present study included 100 subjects of age group 30-80 years. Patients admittedto the coronary care unit at SMHRC & AVBRH between January 2020 and June 2020 was consideredeligible for the study. These guidelines ensured that sufficient blood samples were available and the criteriafor diagnosis were consistent. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme was fractionated by agarose gel electrophoresis as described by Cawley and Eberhard. The stained slides were scanned on Chromoscan at 520 mixand the percentages of the fractions were quantitated.Results: The results obtained in the present study indicate that serum lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activityincreases 4-5 folds in the first 24-72 hours after the onset of clinical infarction with a peak on the second day.It then declines gradually towards the normal within two weeks. Thus, determination of total serum LDHis valuable if patients present themselves for clinical check up even after a week from the day of infarct.Although the contribution of myocardium to total serum lactate dehydrogenase is large, its interpretationbecomes difficult if the diseases of other organs such as liver, kidney, etc.Conclusion: In conclusion, the present data strongly support the use of Lactate dehydrogenase for thediagnosis of MI. Such a strategy should boost both the precision and sensitivity for myocardial infarctiondiagnosis.

Relation of CRP, Ferritin and Procalcitonin Level in People Infection with Covid- 19 Dattu Hawale; Archana Dhok; Pradip Jain
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15085

To Assess the Study of Pro- BNP, CPK -MB and Troponin Level in Acute Myocardial Infarction Ranjit Ambad; Dattu Hawale; Pradip Jain
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15086

Introduction: One of the greatest causes of death and morbidity in the world is acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) with plaque erosion or breakup, causing transient,partial or total arterial occlusion, is the most common cause of AMI. Without appropriate blood flow, theheart cannot continue to function, and if it is severely compromised, death is inevitable. Simple and objectivemeasures of cardiac function are brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels. These measurements can be used todiagnose heart failure, including diastolic dysfunction, and have been shown to save money by using themin the emergency room setting. For the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, the most sensitive and mostprecise measure available is creatine phosphokinase (CPK-MB). The main biomarker for AMI diagnosis iscardiac troponin I. The level of troponin may also be elevated with important prognostic value in many otherdisorders, including heart failure.Methods: This study was a case-control study, conducted in the Medicine and cardiology Department atDMMC & SMHRC, Nagpur in collaboration with ABVRH, Sawangi (Meghe) during Nov 2020 to Jan 2020.Total 80 individuals were considered for the study, 40 each in case and 40 in control groups.Results: As present study show the Pro-BNP Levels were increased significantly (P<0.001) in the AMI(2200±601.30) as compared in controls (90.20±3.20). The mean values of serum CK-MB and troponin Iwere significantly (P<0.001) higher in the AMI (165±47.21, 1.48±0.45) as compared to those in the healthycontrols (11.50±0.80± 3.250, 0.03±0.01) respectively.Conclusions: These findings therefore indicate that the combined detection of CK-MB, Troponin I and NTPro-BNP levels will contribute significantly to the early diagnosis of AMI. It can also provide the clinic withdiagnostic evidence and thus reduce AMI mortality in the acute phase.

Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Vitamin C in Non Pregnant and Pregnant Women Ankita Khandolkar; Rakesh Kumar Jha; Pradip Jain; Archana Dhok
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.15090

Introduction: It is perceived that smoking cigarettes during pregnancy is unfortunate and can promptexpanded unconstrained early abortion in the first trimester, premature abruption of the placenta, pretermdelivery, decreased birth weight and SIDS. All things considered, children destined to mothers who smokeduring pregnancy weigh 150-300 gram not exactly those destined to mothers who don’t smoke and thedanger of little for-gestational age among ladies who smoke is at any rate twice as high as among ladieswho don’t smoke. For more seasoned ladies, the effect of smoking during pregnancy on fetal developmentand preterm conveyance are more noteworthy. The danger of placental issues can be expanded by long haulsmoking.Aim: Effect of cigarette smoking in non-pregnant and pregnant women’s on the blood serum level of vitaminCMaterial and Methods: The present study included 150 subjects of age group 25-35 years. Out which75 werenon-smokers pregnant women as a control group and 75 were smoker pregnant women as a studygroup. During this stage of pregnancy, the vitamin C levels in the maternal serum were colorimetricallydetermined. The respondents also answered a questionnaire about their smoking habits during pregnancy.Vitamin C intake was measured during the third trimester by monitoring food consumption over a 5-dayperiod (including Sunday) and vitamin C registration with dietary supplements.Results: In the present study, we found significant decreased levels of serum vitamin C and in pregnantcigarette smokers as compared to pregnant non-smokers.Vitamin C was protective for placental abruption innonsmokers but not in smokers (P=0.01).Conclusion: If the production of antioxidants (vitamin C) in smokers is lower compared to pregnant womenwho are not smokers, this could aggravate their newborn’s peroxidation problems. Supplementation ofvitamin C tends to be connected with a decrease in placental abruption and preterm birth in pregnant smokers.

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