Articles
<![CDATA[SINTESIS, KARAKTERISASI DAN APLIKASI BIO-IMPREGNAN DARI KULIT BATANG SAWIT ]]>
<![CDATA[Jamaludin Malik]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2022.40.2.93%E2%80%93104
<![CDATA[The formulation of phenolic compounds extracted from biomass not only produces adhesives but can also be used as bioimpregnant. In this study, the synthesis was carried out by copolymerization of resorcinol (R) and formaldehyde (F) into the oilpalm bark extract (S) to produce SRF resin fluid. A complete characterization was carried out using FTIR, Py-GCMS, XRDand DTA. In addition, F emission was also undertaken to ensure its safety for health and the environment. The application ofbio-impregnant was done on samples of the hard (edge) and soft (middle) parts of the oil palm trunk. The results show that the oilpalm bark extract contains polyphenol components that have a strong affinity for resorcinol and formaldehyde in alkaline catalyst(NaOH 40%), so that it can form a copolymer that can be used as an impregnant. The application of the bio-impregnant canimprove the quality of the oil palm trunk in both parts from class V to class III of wood-strength classification with an increase indensity (>100%), hardness (4 times), thickness swelling in both cold and boiling water meets the requirements (<25%), as wellas formaldehyde emission that meets the standard SNI 03-2105-2006.]]>
<![CDATA[10.20886/jphh.2018.36.2.129-138 ]]>
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>;
<![CDATA[Efrida Basri]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 36 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2018.36.2.113-128
<![CDATA[The use of wood filler is vital in wood finishing. However, the most commercial wood fillers available in the market are made of chemical solvent-based resins, such as polyurethane and nitrocellulose. These products contain volatile organic compounds. This study examines performance of alternative and commercial wood fillers. The alternative wood fillers were made from the mixture of putty powder and organic resins, i.e. shellac, acrylic and polyvinyl acetate. The wood fillers were tested on tusam, jabon and rubber wood by assessing their physical, mechanical and chemical performances in comparison with the most commercial wood filler, i.e. nitrocellulose wood filler. Samples of three wood species were treated by spreading them with various wood filler solutions. Weight and dimensional changes due to treatment were determined in wet and dry sample conditions. Chemical and scratch resistance of the wood filler films were also tested to determine their chemical and mechanical performance. Color similarity of the wood filler treated samples and control were evaluated using the CIELab color system. The effect of treatment were varied according to wood species. Tusam samples possess greater weight and dimensional gains than those of jabon and rubber wood samples. All organic wood filler formula could effectively protect wood from water intrution, comparable to that of the commercial wood filler (WF). The organic wood fillers had higher scratch resistance, less chemical resistance, and better color appearance than the commercial WF.]]>
<![CDATA[STABILISASI DIMENSI KAYU JATI CEPAT TUMBUH DAN JABON DENGAN PERLAKUAN PEMADATAN SECARA KIMIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Efrida Basri]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 33 No. 4 (2015): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2015.33.4.315-327
<![CDATA[In general, wood from plantation forests are dimensionally unstable, therefore, timber use are limited. T s his paper observes dimensional stability of chemically densified fast-growing teak (JCT) and jabon woods. JCT and jabon woods were impregnated using a mixture of old teak sawdust extracts and resin. The resin used were vinyl acrylic and polyvinyl acetate in three concentrations : 8, 10, and 12% (w/ v), and two compositions of resorcinol resin. Results show that in general, dimensions of the impregnated wood are more stable than non-impregnated wood. Wood impregnated with the mixture of teak extract solution and resorcinol resin shows better dimentional stability than other resins.]]>
<![CDATA[KUALITAS KAYU LAMINASI DENGAN PEREKAT TANIN DARI EKSTRAK KULIT KAYU MAHONI ]]>
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Efrida Basri]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 38 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2020.38.3.151-160
<![CDATA[Chemical components of polyphenols extraction products from mahogany wood (Swietenia macrophylla) andcopolymerized with resorcinol and formaldehyde in alkaline condition, resulting in a resin that can be used as an adhesive.This paper presents the use of tannin from mahogany bark extract copolymer as laminated wood adhesives. Researchmethods include adhesive formulations, testing of the physical-chemical properties of adhesives, manufacture and qualitytesting of the laminated products, and data analysis. The treatments imposed in this study were adhesive formulations,wood species used as raw materials, and types of products made. The results show that the copolymerized tannin extractfrom mahogany bark could be used as an adhesive in making laminated wood beams (glulam) and laminated boardsof the three wood species i.e. tusam (Pinus merkusii), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), and sengon (Falcatariamoluccana). The bonding quality and mechanical properties of both types of laminated products were comparable withthose of similar products glued with the imported exterior adhesive with low formaldehyde emission, and classified as F** or F *** with the adhesive ratio of T:R:F = (1:0.025:0.1)%, and T:K:F = (1:0.03:0.1)%.]]>
<![CDATA[KARAKTERISTIK PAPAN SANDWICH DENGAN INTI PAPAN PARTIKEL ]]>
<![CDATA[Ignasia Maria Sulastiningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Dian Anggraini Indrawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 38 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2020.38.3.161-172
<![CDATA[Bamboo has been recoqnized as wood substitute materials by convertting them into engineered bamboo products. Toincrease bamboo utilization efficiency, the waste generated from bamboo processing can be used further as raw materialsfor particleboard manufacture. Besides to get relatively thick and strong material, the bamboo particleboard can beused as a core layer for sandwich panel. The objective of this research was to determine characteristics of sandwichpanel with particleboard as the core layer. There were four types of particleboard used as the core layer of sandwichpanel i.e bamboo particleboard with density of 0.45 g/cm3(A1) and 0.55 g/cm3(A2), and the mixture of bamboojabon particleboards with density of 0.45 g/cm3(A3) and 0.55 g/cm3(A4). There were three types of outer layerof sandwich panel i.e. bamboo strips (B1), jabon plywood (B2), and mahoni plywood (B3). Sandwich panels wereproduced using urea formaldehyde adhesive. The results showed that bamboo-jabon particleboard used as core layerproduced stronger sandwich panels than those using only bamboo particleboards. Bamboo strips as the outer layerproduced stronger sandwich panels than those of using mahoni and jabon plywood. All sandwich panels produced inthis research conform to both the Indonesian Standard and the Japanese Standard requirements for particleboard withveneer overlay.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH UMUR POHON, POSISI BATANG, TEBAL VENIR DAN KOMPOSISI PANEL INTI SAWIT TERHADAP PRODUKSI KAYU LAPIS MINDI ]]>
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamaludin Malik]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 38 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2020.38.3.189-198
<![CDATA[This study examined the effect of tree age, trunk position, veneer thickness, and composition of panel core of oilpalm wood on mindi plywood production. Oil palm logs of 1.3 m length were cut from two sources of trees with differentages, i.e. 25 and 32 years old. Four logs were collected from the bottom toward the top of each tree in which ten trees fromrespective age classes were selected randomly and cut into logs. Logs from each age class were peeled in spindleless rotarymachine respectively into two thickness of veneer, i.e. 2.5 and 3.4 mm. Dried veneers (MC 10%) were assembled intotwo kinds of panel, i.e. 3 and 5 plies, where the face and back layer were made using 1.2 mm veneer of mindi (Meliaazedarach) wood. Results showed that trunks from the 32 year old tree have higher green and dry veneer recoveriesthan those of the 25 year old tree. Moisture content and density of the 25 year old panels core are lower than thosemade from the 32 year old veneer. Bonding strength of panels made from the 32 year old core veneer is higher than thatmade from the 25 year old veneer. The 3 layer panels have higher bond strength than those of the 5 layer panel. Panelsmade from 2.5 mm core veneers have lower bonding strength than those made from 3.4 mm veneers.]]>
<![CDATA[KUALITAS DEMPUL ORGANIK DARI SERBUK KAYU JATI DAN SIRLAK ]]>
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 35 No. 3 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2017.35.3.155-170
<![CDATA[Commercial wood putty products available in the market nowadays are mostly chemical solvent-based, such as epoxy and latex. These products give desirable physical, mechanical and chemical performances, however their volatile organic compounds are detrimental to the environment and harmful to the health. This paper explores the use of teak fine powder mixed with shellac and putty powder as an alternative formulation of organic wood putty. These alternative formulas were tested on tusam and rubber wood by assessing their physical, mechanical and chemical performances in comparison with the most commercial putty products, i.e. epoxy (DK1) and piroxylin (DK2). Samples of two wood species were treated by spreading them with various wood putty solutions. Weight and dimensional changes due to treatment were determined in wet and dry sample conditions. Results show that weight and dimensional gains due to spreading treatment varies according to wood species, grain orientation and putty solution. Tusam samples possessed greater weight and dimensional gains than those of rubber wood samples. All organic putty formula was able to protect wood from water intrution, but less effective than the commercial putty DK1 and DK2. The organic wood putty had lower scratch resistance and less resistant against chemical liquids than the commercial ones.]]>
<![CDATA[SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS PAPAN UNTAI BERARAH DARI BAMBU TALI ( (J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Kurz) Gigantochloa apus ]]>
<![CDATA[I.M. Sulastiningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Dian Anggraini Indrawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohammad Isa Iskandar]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 35 No. 3 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2017.35.3.197-209
<![CDATA[Bamboo is potential as an alternative material to substitute wood. This paper examines the effects of using different resin contents and strand dimensions on the properties of its oriented strand board (bamboo OSB). Tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus (J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Kurz) was used as raw material in manufacturing the bamboo OSB. Laboratory scale oriented bamboo strand boards were fabricated using each bamboo strand length (7.5, 10, and 15 cm) and glued with liquid phenol formaldehyde adhesive at various resin contents (6, 7 and 8%) of the bamboo strands dry 3 weight. Results show that the average density of fabricated bamboo OSB was 0.75 g/cm . Physical and mechanical properties of bamboo OSB were significantly affected by resin content, except the modulus of elasticity (MOE). Higher resin content gave better physical and mechanical properties of the boards. MOE of bamboo OSB was also significantly affected by the strand length. The longer strand dimension produces boards with higher MOE values. All oriented bamboo strand boards studied meet the Indonesian and Japanese Standard requirements of type 24 particleboard and also meet the British Standard requirements of both Type OSB/2 and Type OSB/3.]]>
<![CDATA[SIFAT BALOK KOMPOSIT KOMBINASI BAMBU DAN KAYU ]]>
<![CDATA[Abdurachman]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurwati Hadjib]]>;
<![CDATA[Jasni]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 33 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2015.33.2.115-124
<![CDATA[Combination of bamboo and wood composite beam is one possible laminated product to be developed. Generally, the composite product of solid wood meet the strength requirement for construction. However, composite beam combination of bamboo and wood has not been studied intensively. This paper observes the properties of composite combination of three bamboo species: andong, petung and ori with jabon wood species using isocyanate glue and merbau extracts. In order to improve composite’s durability, bamboo and jabon wood were preserved using 7% of boric acid and borax. Result shows composite beam combination of bamboo and jabon wood bonded with isocyanate is found to be the best composition in term of physical and mechanical properties. The density of the composite beam is 0.64 g/cm³ in 9.70% moisture content. Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) 78,168 kg/cm², Modulus of Rupture (MOR) 384 kg/cm² and compression parallel to the glue line is 378 kg/cm².]]>
<![CDATA[IMPREGNASI EKSTRAK JATI DAN RESIN PADA KAYU JATI CEPAT TUMBUH DAN KARET ]]>
<![CDATA[Efrida Basri]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 32 No. 4 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.4.283-296
<![CDATA[Previous research findings have shown that the fast grown teak (JCT) has lower physical, mechanical and durability performances than those of the traditional teak. Hence, a specific effort is required to increase the JCTquality. This research is aimed to improve the quality of JCT and rubber wood through impregnation of extracts and resin.This study used extracts from traditional teak wood sawdust dissolved in methanol solution. The teak extractive solutions were then impregnated into wood structure of JCT and rubber wood with various solution concentrations according to additional organic resin. The organic resins used in this study consist of shellac and damar, which were added at three weight concentration levels of 4, 6 and 8% of the extract volume. The results show that the impregnation of extractive solution into JCT and rubber wood increased dimentional stability of both woods with Anti Shrink Efficiency (ASE) value exceeds 50%, compared to the traditional teak. The addition of shellac and damar resin in the teak extractive solution significantly result in better dimensional stability of both treated woods proportionally in accordance to the resin concentration.]]>
