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Rani Himayani
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Laporan Kasus : Bayi 3 Bulan dengan Ulkus Kornea Ocular Dextra et causa Koloboma Palpebra Superior Ocular Dextra Rani Himayani; Farhandika Muhammad
Medula Vol 10 No 4 (2021): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v10i4.157

Abstract

Coloboma is a condition of congenital malformation in which the ocular structures are not fully formed due to failed fusion of the optic fissure during the embryonic development. The resulting defects can affect different structures, such as the eyelids, iris, lens, ciliary body, choroid, optic nerve, and retina.Eyelid coloboma is a congenital disorder that can occur unilateral or bilateral, partially or completely. This is due to the failure of mesodermal fusion during eyelid embryogenesis. There is no fusion between contigous tissue, the failure of the mesenchyme to fill the embryogenic process, and the result of necrosis due to the suppression effect of the amniotic band syndrome. This case reports a 3 month old baby with a chief complaint of white part  on right eye since 15 days. The complaint was initiated with the patient being born without a complete right eyelid. The ophthalmology examination of the right eye found that the sharp vision of the baby began to be able to follow the moving object that was seen, but the baby did not follow the instructions to see from one object to another without having to move his head, the pupil diameter was the same in both eyes, with normal pupillary reflex. Eyelid inspection found a coloboma on the right upper eyelid. In the sclera and limbus, there was minimal ciliary injection, the cornea was cloudy, the front chamber was shallow and it looked positive.Based on the history, physical examination, and investigations, the patient was diagnosed as right ocular corneal ulcer et causa coloboma of the superior ocular palpebrae. Medical management by administering antibiotic therapy and artificial tears, and in the patient planned operative action in the form of reconstruction of the superior palpebra on the oculi dextra.
Rabdomiosarkoma Helmi Ismunandar; Rani Himayani; Diki Prawira Adifa
Medula Vol 10 No 4 (2021): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v10i4.158

Abstract

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a soft tissue malignancy with prevalences about 5% of all malignancies in children and 20% of soft tissue malignancies that occur in children. The most common primary tumor sites include the head and neck area followed by the genitourinary and extremities. Meanwhile, the most common subtypes are embryonic in children and alveolar in adolescents. Although the specific etiology for RMS is largely unknown, there are increased risk factors for environmental factors such as radiation and drugs, syndromes, and chromosomal abnormalities. The clinical symptoms vary and are related to the location of the mass and the blockage it caused. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations are gold standard tests for diagnosing RMS and determining subtypes that serve as prognosis and therapy. Various therapeutic approaches can be surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or in a combination.
Rakhitis: Tinjauan Pustaka Helmi Ismunandar; Rani Himayani; Maula Al Farisi
Medula Vol 10 No 4 (2021): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v10i4.163

Abstract

Vitamin D and calcium are important nutrients in bones. Bone growth and mineralization are dependent on the availability of adequate calcium and phosphate. Due to the lack of mineralization in the bone plates it causes rickets. Rickets is the most common bone disease worldwide and became known in 1650’s when it first appeared in Europe. Rickets can have a profound impact on the health, growth and development of infant’s, children’s and adolescent’s which can result in death or persistence to adult. Rickets is a metabolic disease of the bones, that is often associated with vitamin D deficiency and decreased circulating calcium storage, mainly due to a lack of bone capacity to absorb the calcium. Usually people with rickets have a short stature and have joint disorders. There are several types of rickets, such as rickets type-1 and type-2 that depend on vitamin D (but in type-2 rickets involves a genetic disorder related to the FGF23 gene), renal rickets due to decreased of kidney function, rickets hypocalcemia caused by deficiency of calcium, and hypophosphatemic rickets caused by deficiency of phosphate. Rickets can be diagnosed based on history, physical examination, radiological examination and biochemical tests.
Bacillary Dysentery jefri irawan; Meilisa Hidayah Putri; Rani Himayani; Ratna Dewi Puspita Sari
Medula Vol 11 No 3 (2021): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v11i3.211

Abstract

Gastrointestinal infection due to amoeba is one of the causes of diarrhea which appears to be a public health problem with a high incidence in the community. Bacillary dysentery/shigellosis has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries, and is also an important cause of morbidity in industrialized countries. Shigella sp. is a diarrheal pathogen that is closely related to Escherichia coli. The pathogen was named by Kiyoshi Shiga, who in 1898 identified the most virulent strain of shigella, Shigella dysenteriae, as the causative agent of shigellosis. Shigella spp. is a Gram-negative bacillus from the family Enterobacteriaceae. Therefore, the aim of this literature review is to further review the management of bacillary dysentery. Shigellae is transmitted by the faecal-oral route or through ingestion of contaminated food and water. This research is a literature review involving as many as 10 library sources with the keywords used, namely 'management and shigellosis' with the year published between 2012 - 2021. Abstracts and full text of the journal are read and examined, then an analysis of the contents contained in the research objectives is carried out and research results/findings. Results. Various studies have shown over the last few decades, Shigella spp. have undergone mutations, developing mechanisms to damage cell processes in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, innovative methods and appropriate management are needed to prevent antibiotic resistance in the treatment of shigellosis.
Gangguan Penglihatan Anisometropia Daffa Fahreiza; Rani Himayani; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging
Journal of Student Research Vol 1 No 3 (2023): Mei: Journal of Student Research
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Trianandra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jsr.v1i3.1208

Abstract

Anisometropia merupakan gangguan penglihatan yang ditandai dengan perbedaan refraksi lensa sferis atau silinder antara mata kanan dan kiri lebih dari 1 dioptri. Prevalensi anisometropia pada populasi sebesar 2-4% dan kondisi ini lebih sering menjadi penyebab gangguan penglihatan unilateral pada orang dewasa di bawah 60 tahun. Berdasarkan penyebabnya, anisometropia dibagi menjadi dua yaitu anisometropia aksial dan anisometropia refraktif sedangkan berdasarkan kekuatan refraksi anisometropia dibagi menjadi dua yaitu anisometropia absolut dan anisometropia relatif. Deteksi dini anisometropia memberikan dokter kesempatan untuk mengintervensi lebih awal, mungkin memperlambat, bahkan mencegah perkembangan penyakit. Retinoskopi sikloplegik terbukti sebagai metode yang paling tepat dan akurat untuk penentuan kesalahan refraksi selama pemeriksaan mata secara komprehensif. Malnutrisi, pemakaian media komunikasi elektronik seperti telepon genggan dan televisi, sampai kelalaian orang tua memerhatikan anaknya merupakan beberapa faktor risiko kelainan refraksi. Hampir seluruh anisometropia dapat menyebabkan kelainan ambliopia. Perawatan konvensional dengan kacamata, lensa penambalan, atau atropin 1% efektif pemakaiannya pada mata dalam mencegah memburuknya kasus ambliopia anisometropik. Artikel ini menggunakan metode literature review dari berbagai rujukan jurnal nasional dan internasional dengan kata kunci pencarian berikut: anisometropia, etiologi, klasifikasi, dan komplikasi.
Labyrinthitis: Comprehensive Literature Review Of Inner Part Ear Infection Rafi Gutra Aslam; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.684

Abstract

Labyrinthitis (Internal otitis) is an inflammation process of the ear labyrinth located in the inner part of the ear. Labyrinthitis has distinctive symptoms that combine from hearing ability and balance disturbance that cause  sensorineural type deafness and vertigo. This paper uses the literature review method as a  chosen method that chooses from bibliographic that last 15 years ago to discuss comprehensively about labyrinthitis. Labyrinthitis  is a condition that generally happens in elder age because the disturbance of the vestibulocochlear system  that has similarity with other health problem such as Ménière disease, patient history and advance examination comprehensively needed to rule out labyrinthitis with another health related to balance and hearing  problem. Labyrinthitis prognosis is bonam if treatment occurs as soon as possible and there is no expansion found into another region adjacent to the ear structure that potentially cause severe complication. Despite of severe complication is rare in post-antibiotic era, complication  could still happen in few patient and become life threatening problem because of it’s site adjacent with brain anatomy structure, therefore treatment could  be given to the patient with this condition. Further research need to discuss about another therapy option that available to treat the Labyrinthitis from every classification such as viral, bacteria, autoimmune, immunodeficiency, ossificant, and even the recent one associated with COVID-19 pandemic.
Management of pterygium surgery: Limbal Conjunctival Autograft and Subconjunctival Amniotic Membrane Graft Reisyah Syahfira; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.751

Abstract

Pterygium is one of the common ocular surface disorders. From two Greek words, the word "pterygium" has been derived: “pteryx” meaning wing and “pterygion” meaning fin. Usually, pterygium is asymptomatic apart from its appearance. Meanwhile, no special examination is needed to diagnose it, only a physical examination is needed using a slit lamp to diagnose this condition. A slit lamp for observing the eye using magnification and bright lighting. Medical treatment in modern times includes lubrication with artificial tear drops or decongestants to provide short-term comfort and a slight improvement in cosmetics. Topical NSAIDs, eye drop loteprednol, brings added comfort. Vasoconstrictive agents minimize redness and enhance the appearance and add antihistamines to the decongestant drops to help prevent the effect of histamine associated edema and itching. However, surgical treatment remains the preferred option. In patients with pterygium, the reasons for surgery are decreased vision due to visual axis encroachment, chronic pain, persistent inflammation, abnormal astigmatism, restrictive ocular motility, and cosmesis. Many surgical techniques have been used since past to present, though none is universally accepted because of variable recurrence rates. Some examples of surgery, namely the avulsion technique, Simple excision technique, The Bare Sclera Technique, Conjunctival Autograft, and Limbal Conjunctival Autotransplant (LCAT). However, combined between limbal conjunctival autograft with the adjunctive use of a prophylactic subconjunctival graft of the amniotic membrane can decrease the recurrence rate after surgery in an ethnically diverse population with a statistically higher risk for recurrence.
ARTICLE REVIEW: KLASIFIKASI DAN TATALAKSANA RETINOPATI PREMATURITAS Cholyviona W.S Handhayani; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.689

Abstract

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a condition or illnesses of the retina that frequently affects infants. Retinopathy of Prematurity is an abnormal development of blood vessels in the eye which typically affects infants born prematurely. Premature Retinopathy is a condition that affects many nations on a global scale, with an expected incidence of over 45 cases for every 100,000 pregnancies. According to the International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ICROP), there are five stages of the disease based on the severity and three zones of retinal development based on where they form. The retina is the innermost layer of the eyeball that receives light and transmits it to the brain, allowing us to see distinctly. Disturbances in the retina can produce visual disturbances. As a result, any visual disturbances must be treated promptly and precisely. Cryotherapy, laser photocoagulation, anti-VEGF drugs, and vitrectomy healing measures at an advanced level are treatments that can be used in instances of Premature Retinopathy in premature babies. This writing employs the article review technique, with sources sourced from journals and books. This writing seeks to discover the definition, classification, and treatment of Premature Retinopathy, with the hope of improving standards and quality of care for Premature Retinopathy.
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Mata Kering Faiq Razaan Razaan; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.690

Abstract

Dry eye disease is a multifactorial disease of the tears and the surface of the eye that gives rise to unsafe indications, visual problems, and tear film instability with the potential to damage the eye surface. This condition can be followed by an increase in tear film osmolarity and inflammation of the ocular surface. This dry eye can occur due to reduced aqueous humor fluid produced by the ciliary body or increased production of tear evaporation that occurs due to disruption of the function of the meibomian glands. Based on these triggers, dry eyes can be classified into two categories: dry eyes due to aqueous deficiency (MKDA) and evaporative dry eyes (MKE). The diagnosis of dry eye order of examination of dry eyes include a patient history using a questionnaire, tear film break-up time with fluorescein, eye surface staining using fluorescein or lissamine green, Schirmer I test with or without anesthesia, Schirmer II test with nasal stimulation, and eyelid examination. and meibomian glands. Treatment of dry eye disease can be pharmacological or non-pharmacological. The management of dry eye disease depends on the severity of the disease, An example of a drug for the management of dry eye disease is cendo lyters.  Non-pharmacological treatment for preventing dry eye disease is avoiding its causes, such as vehicle fumes, limiting using gadget, and also being able to use sunglasses if there are indications of red and dry eyes. This paper uses the article review method by using sources such as journals. The purpose of this writing is to know the definition, diagnosis, and management of dry eye. The results of this paper found that the diagnosis of dry eyes can be established by history and physical examination. The conclusion obtained is that the management of dry eyes depends on the symptoms found in the history and physical examination.
Tinjauan Pustaka : Keratokonus Ardian Reza Putra; Putu Ristyaning Ayu Sangging; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 4.1 (2023): Medula - Edisi Spesial (Special Sense)
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i4.1.691

Abstract

sexes and all ethnicities. The estimated prevalence in the general population is 54 per 100,000. Ocular signs and symptoms vary depending on the severity of the disease. The initial shape is usually unknown unless closure topography is performed. Disease progression is manifested by a loss of visual acuity that cannot be compensated for by spectacles. Edge thinning often sucks ectasia. In moderate and more severe cases, a hemosiderin arc or circular line, known as a Fleischer ring, is often seen around the base of the needle. Vogt's striae, which are fine vertical lines produced by compression of Descemet's membrane, are another characteristic. Most patients eventually develop scar tissue. Munson's sign, V-shaped deformation of the lower eyelid in the downward position; Rizzuti's sign, bright reflection of the nasal limbal region when light is directed to the temporal limbal region; and damage to Descemet's membrane leading to acute stromal edema, known as hydrops, is observed in advanced stages. . Genetic, biomechanical, and biochemical theories about the causes of keratoconus have been put forward. Treatment varies depending on the severity of the disease. This article provides a review of the definition, epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis of keratoconus.
Co-Authors Adinda Husna Cahyana Almaina Puteri Jasmine Almaina Ardian Reza Putra Arfa Salma Firnandya Aulia Nur Fitriatsani Aurora Awindya Nareswari Azizah Nur Rahmah Cholyviona W.S Handhayani Daffa Fahreiza Diki Prawira Adifa Faiq Razaan Razaan Farhandika Muhammad Fityah Zabrina Hidayat Ganesha Rahman Hakim Helmi Ismunandar Indah Kurnia Putri Waruwu Isabela Irene Pangestu jefri irawan Mafalda Marzon Maria Devi Maula Al Farisi Meilisa Hidayah Putri Muhamad Zaidan Algifari Muhammad Ammar Naufal Nabila Yoli Rahmadani Rafi Gutra Aslam Rahmi Zuraida Ratna Dewi Puspita Sari Reisyah Syahfira Sangging, Putu Ristyaning Ayu Siti Shafira Elfreda Syalwa Meutia