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Deteksi Cepat Fusarium sp. pada Benih Kedelai Menggunakan Metode Spektroskopi Fluoresens Djoko Pujiarto; Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno; Akhiruddin Maddu
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Rapid Detection Method for Fusarium sp. on Soybean Seed Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy MethodSeed borne pathogens play an important role as source of inoculum for disease in the field. Seed health testing is applied in order to prevent risks caused by seed borne pathogen. Fluorescence spectroscopy is a potential technology to be used as detection method for seed borne pathogen. Research was conducted to develop rapid detection protocol for seed borne pathogenic fungus by fluorescence spectroscopy method. The result showed that fluorescence spectroscopy could detect fluorescence emission of metabolite of Fusarium sp. after soybean seeds were incubated for 24 hr. Metabolite of Fusarium sp. produced cyan fluorescent at peak wavelength emission 504 nm when excited to violet light (405 nm). Fusarium sp. displayed typical fluorescence emission spectra which differ from fluorescence emission spectra of growth medium potato dextrose broth (PDB) (502 nm). It was evidenced that fluorescence spectroscopy method can be used to detect pathogenic seed borne fungi.

Effectivity of Single Isolates, Mixtures, and Consortium of Endophytic Bacteria Against Fusarium solani and Meloidogyne spp. in Vitro resky wulandari r jahuddin; Abdul Munif; Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Sukarno; Gusmaini Gusmaini
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 17 No 6 (2021)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.17.6.233-242

Effectivity of Single Isolates, Mixtures, and Consortium of Endophytic Bacteria Against Fusarium solani and Meloidogyne spp. in Vitro Fusarium solani and Meloidogyne spp. is known as pathogens associated with pepper yellow disease. The use of endophytic bacteria for controlling this disease needs to be evaluated. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the biocontrol activity of endophytic bacterial isolates applied singly (B. siamensis and B. velezensis), mixed (B. subtilis and B. wiedmannii) and consortium (PTM3) in suppressing F. solani and Meloidogyne spp. in vitro. Research methods included the isolation of F. solani and extraction of Meloidogyne spp. from the roots of infected plant, pathogenicity test, dual culture and mortality test, as well as physiological assay of endophytic bacterial isolates. The isolates of F. solani and Meloidogyne spp. proven to be pathogenic in pepper seedlings and causing yellow symptoms. Four isolates of endophytic bacteria were able to inhibit mycelium growth of F. solani. The highest inhibition on TSA medium was shown by a single isolate of B. siamensis, i.e. 57.25%; while on PDA medium was shown by mixed isolates of B. subtilis and B. wiedmannii, i.e. 56.47%. Application of B. velezenziz caused the highest mortality rate of Juvenile larval 2 Meloidogyne spp., i.e. 75.24%. Both B. siamensis and B. velevenzis isolates showed protease and cellulase activity; while mixed isolates of B. subtilis and B. wiedmannii and the PTM3 consortium isolates showed chitinase, protease and cellulase activity.

Uji Konsentrasi Metabolit Cendawan Endofit asal Tanaman Kacang Tanah sebagai Penghambat Pertumbuhan Aspergillus flavus Nela Zahara; Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno; Abdul Munif
PendIPA Journal of Science Education Vol 5, No 1 (2021): November - February
Publisher : University of Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/pendipa.5.1.63-69

Kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan penting di Indonesia karena bijinya memiliki kandungan gizi. Konsumsi kacang tanah akan terus meningkat seiring dengan pertambahan jumlah penduduk di Indonesia. Meningkatnya konsumsi kacang tanah di Indonesia tidak diikuti oleh peningkatan produksinya. Penurunan produksi ini dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor teknis budidaya yang kurang baik, seperti pengolahan tanah, pemupukkan, pemanenan, pengendalian hama dan penyakit serta penggunaan benih bermutu rendah. Rendahnya mutu benih kacang tanah disebabkan adanya infeksi dari cendawan benih. A. flavus yang merupakan cendawan penting yang mempengaruhi mutu benih. Penggunaan metabolit cendawan dapat dijadikan alternativ pengendalian yang efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan cendawan endofit yang berpotensi sebagai agens pengendali hayati terhadap Aspergillus flavus. Tahapan penelitian terdiri atas isolasi A. flavus, isolasi cendawan endofit dari jaringan kacang tanah,uji patogenesitas, uji penghambatan terhadap A. flavus, ekstraksi dan uji metabolit cendawan endofit. Berdasarkan hasil uji patogenesitas terdapat 33 cendawan endofit nonpatogenik terhadap tumbuhan. Hasil seleksi mendapatkan 3 cendawan endofit dengan penghambatan terbaik, yaitu CED-5 (51.47%), CEA-11 (51.32%), dan CEB-2 (50.73%). Identifikasi cendawan endofit berdasarkan makroskopis dan mikroskopik menunjukkan bahwa CED-5, CEA-11, dan CEB-2 berturut-turut adalah hifa Steril 1, Penicillium sp., Monascus. Memiliki daya hambat metabolit terhadap pertumbuhan A.flavus terbaik pada konsentrasi metabolit 30% . yaitu. CEA-11 (40.44%), CED-5(39.88%), dan CEB-2 (24.71%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan potensi metabolit dari cendawan endofit sebagai salah satu bagian strategi pengendalian A. flavus.

Antagonisme beberapa bakteri endofit Arecaceae terhadap Curvularia sp. patogen penyebab bercak daun yang diisolasi dari tanaman kelapa kopyor (Antagonism of selected Arecaceae endophytic bacteria against Curvularia sp. leaf spot pathogen isolated from coconut kopyor) Deden Dewantara ERIS; Agus PURWANTARA; Abdul MUNIF; Bonny Poernomo Wahyu SOEKARNO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 86, No 2 (2018): Oktober 2018
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Coconut kopyor is one of the most important commodities. One of the problems in coconut kopyor cultivation is grey leaf spot disease caused by Curvularia sp. Using endophytic bacteria is one of the control technique that is environmentally friendly. A total of 40 selected endophytic Arecaceaebacteria isolated from coconut kopyor, palm oil, aren, nibung and pejibaye were tested for their inhibitory ability to Curvularia sp.through antibiotic and volatile organic compound (VOC)test.The antibiotic test showed that thirty three endophytic bacteria isolates have inhibitory capacity againstCurvularia sp. in a range of inhibition from 4.4% to 86.6%. Isolates with the highest inhibition were EAKSS 502, EAKSS 520 and EAKSS 507. VOC test showed that EAPJN 216, EAKSS 532, EAAPN 225, EAAPN 506, EAAPN 507 and EAAPN 557 were produced VOC that suppressed the growth of Curvulariasp fungal colonies in a range from 92.27% to 97.21%. Based on the best combination of antibiotic and production of volatile organic compound test, there were four potential isolates to inhibit the growth of Curvulariasp. in vitro i.e. EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKPN 201 and EAPJN 216. Those isolates were molecularly identified as Serratia marcescensstrain PIGB81, Burkholderiasp. DOP Ma316, S. marcescensstrain RY21 and S. marcescensstrain LB21.The four isolates were isolated from different plants such oil palm, coconut kopyor and pejibaye.[Keywords: antibiotics,Burkholderia,malforma-tion, Serratia,suppression, volatile compound]AbstrakKelapa kopyor saat ini menjadi salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang penting. Salah satu masalah dalam pembudidayaan kelapa kopyor adalah serangan penyakit bercak kelabu yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Curvulariasp. Penggunaan bakteri endofit merupakan salah satu cara control yang ramah lingkungan.Sebanyak 40 isolat bakteri endofit asal tanaman Arecaceaediisolasi dari tanaman kelapa kopyor, kelapa sawit, aren, nibung dan pejibaye diujikan kemampuan penghambatannya terhadap Curvulariasp. melalui uji antibiosis dan uji produksi senyawa organik volatil (VOC). Uji antibiosis menunjukkan se-banyak 33 isolat bakteri endofit menunjukkan daya penghambatan terhadap cendawan Curvulariasp. dengan kisaran 4,4%-86,6%. Penghambatan terbesar yakni isolat EAKSS 502, EAKSS 520 dan isolat EAKSS 507. Pengujian produksi senyawa organik volatil menunjukkan EAPJN 216, EAKSS 532, EAAPN 225, EAAPN 506, EAAPN 507 dan EAAPN 557 menghasilkan komponen volatil organik yang menekan pertumbuhan koloni cendawan Curvulariasp. pada kisaran 92,27%- 97,21%. Berdasarkan kombinasi data pengujian antibioisis dan produksi senyawa organik volatilterdapat 4 isolat bakteri endofit yang berpotensi menghambat perkembangan Curvulariasp. yaitu isolat EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKPN 201 dan EAPJN 216.Hasil identifikasi secara molekuler ke empat isolat tersebut berturut-turut adalah Serratia marcescens strain PIGB81,Burkholderia sp. DOP Ma316,S. marcescens strain RY21danS. marcescens strain LB21. Keempat isolat tersebut diisolasi daritanaman yang berbeda yakni kelapa sawit, kelapa kopyor dan pejibaye.[Kata kunci: antibiotik, Burkholderia,malformasi, penghambatan, Serratia,komponen volatil].

Identification of mealybugs on Piper nigrum as vector of Piper yellow mottle virus (Badnavirus: Caulimoviridae) Miftakhurohmah Miftakhurohmah; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat; Kikin Hamzah Mutaqin; Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno; Dono Wahyuno
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.222144-153

Piper yellow mottle virus (PYMoV) is the dominant virus that causes mottle disease in black pepper (Piper nigrum). Two species of mealybugs, Ferrisia virgata and Planococcus minor have been reported as vectors of PYMoV. A different species of mealybug that has never been reported before was found in black pepper. Molecular approaches including total DNA isolation of mealybug collected from the field, mealybugs identification by DNA barcode, detection of PYMoV in single mealybugs, were conducted as an approach to identify the potential of mealybugs as PYMoV vector in the field. Mealybugs were collected from black pepper plants in Cimanggu (Bogor, West Java) and Sukamulya (Sukabumi, West Java). Characters of adult females were observed for morphological identification. Molecular-based identification of the mealybugs and PYMoV involved the following procedures: total DNA isolation, DNA amplification, nucleotide sequencing and sequence analysis. Three species of mealybugs, P. minor, F. virgata and Paracoccus marginatus were confirmed by morphological and molecular identification. This is the first report for the occurrence of P. marginatus in black pepper plants. PYMoV was successfully detected from field samples of F. virgata, P. minor and P. marginatus. This finding indicates the potential of insect vectors for disease spread and distribution.

Antagonisme beberapa bakteri endofit Arecaceae terhadap Curvularia sp. patogen penyebab bercak daun yang diisolasi dari tanaman kelapa kopyor (Antagonism of selected Arecaceae endophytic bacteria against Curvularia sp. leaf spot pathogen isolated from coconut kopyor) Deden Dewantara ERIS; Agus PURWANTARA; Abdul MUNIF; Bonny Poernomo Wahyu SOEKARNO
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 86 No. 2 (2018): 86 (2), 2018
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v86i2.318

Coconut kopyor is one of the most important commodities. One of the problems in coconut kopyor cultivation is grey leaf spot disease caused by Curvularia sp. Using endophytic bacteria is one of the control technique that is environmentally friendly. A total of 40 selected endophytic Arecaceaebacteria isolated from coconut kopyor, palm oil, aren, nibung and pejibaye were tested for their inhibitory ability to Curvularia sp.through antibiotic and volatile organic compound (VOC)test.The antibiotic test showed that thirty three endophytic bacteria isolates have inhibitory capacity againstCurvularia sp. in a range of inhibition from 4.4% to 86.6%. Isolates with the highest inhibition were EAKSS 502, EAKSS 520 and EAKSS 507. VOC test showed that EAPJN 216, EAKSS 532, EAAPN 225, EAAPN 506, EAAPN 507 and EAAPN 557 were produced VOC that suppressed the growth of Curvulariasp fungal colonies in a range from 92.27% to 97.21%. Based on the best combination of antibiotic and production of volatile organic compound test, there were four potential isolates to inhibit the growth of Curvulariasp. in vitro i.e. EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKPN 201 and EAPJN 216. Those isolates were molecularly identified as Serratia marcescensstrain PIGB81, Burkholderiasp. DOP Ma316, S. marcescensstrain RY21 and S. marcescensstrain LB21.The four isolates were isolated from different plants such oil palm, coconut kopyor and pejibaye.[Keywords: antibiotics,Burkholderia,malforma-tion, Serratia,suppression, volatile compound]AbstrakKelapa kopyor saat ini menjadi salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang penting. Salah satu masalah dalam pembudidayaan kelapa kopyor adalah serangan penyakit bercak kelabu yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Curvulariasp. Penggunaan bakteri endofit merupakan salah satu cara control yang ramah lingkungan.Sebanyak 40 isolat bakteri endofit asal tanaman Arecaceaediisolasi dari tanaman kelapa kopyor, kelapa sawit, aren, nibung dan pejibaye diujikan kemampuan penghambatannya terhadap Curvulariasp. melalui uji antibiosis dan uji produksi senyawa organik volatil (VOC). Uji antibiosis menunjukkan se-banyak 33 isolat bakteri endofit menunjukkan daya penghambatan terhadap cendawan Curvulariasp. dengan kisaran 4,4%-86,6%. Penghambatan terbesar yakni isolat EAKSS 502, EAKSS 520 dan isolat EAKSS 507. Pengujian produksi senyawa organik volatil menunjukkan EAPJN 216, EAKSS 532, EAAPN 225, EAAPN 506, EAAPN 507 dan EAAPN 557 menghasilkan komponen volatil organik yang menekan pertumbuhan koloni cendawan Curvulariasp. pada kisaran 92,27%- 97,21%. Berdasarkan kombinasi data pengujian antibioisis dan produksi senyawa organik volatilterdapat 4 isolat bakteri endofit yang berpotensi menghambat perkembangan Curvulariasp. yaitu isolat EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKPN 201 dan EAPJN 216.Hasil identifikasi secara molekuler ke empat isolat tersebut berturut-turut adalah Serratia marcescens strain PIGB81,Burkholderia sp. DOP Ma316,S. marcescens strain RY21danS. marcescens strain LB21. Keempat isolat tersebut diisolasi daritanaman yang berbeda yakni kelapa sawit, kelapa kopyor dan pejibaye.[Kata kunci: antibiotik, Burkholderia,malformasi, penghambatan, Serratia,komponen volatil].

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