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Trichodinid (Ciliophora: Peritrichida) Ectoparasites of Sand Goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata) Fry Dana, D.; Sumawidjaja, Kusman; Hadiroseyani, Yani
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2002): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACTTwo species of Trichodinid were identified from sand goby, (Oxyeleotris marmorata) fry of 6,1-8,0 mm long; T heterodentata and T nigra. All parasite species were scraped from the skin of fry which were reared in fertilized pond.Key Word : Sand goby, trichodinids ABSTRAKDua spesies dari genus Trichodina telah diidentifikasi dari benih ikan Betutu, (Oxyeleotris marniorata) yang berukuran 6,1-8,0 mm. Kedua spesies itu adalah T heterodentata dan T nigra. Parasit tersebut diambil dari kulit ikan betutu yang dipelihara dalam kolam yang dipupuk.Kata kunci : Ikan betutu, trichodina

Increasing Thai Catfish's Immunity (Pangasius hypophthalmus Fowler) Using Ascorbic Acid Ilmiah, ,; Dana, D.; Pasaribu, F. H.; Affandi, R.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 2 (2002): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACTAn experiment to determine Thai catfish's (Pangasius hypophthalmus Fowler) immunity was carried out using different levels of ascorbic acid (0, 1.000, 2.000 and 3.000 mg/kg feed). Fish of 15-20 g in weight were kept in aquaria for 6 weeks with density of 15 fish/aquaria. Feed was given at 5-10 % of total biomass with frequency of three times a day. The blood sampling was taken every week and the challenge test with Aeromonas hydrophila (106cells/mm3) injection intramuscular was done on the 30th day. The result of this experiment shown that feed with ascorbic acid of 2.000 mg/kg was elevated the cellular responses such as: leucocyte total (34.850 cels/mm3), differential of leucocyte (lymphocyte: 72,2%, monocyte: 8,0%, neutrophyl: 7,8%), phagocytic index (13%) and humoral response (titre antibody: 0.829 serum aglutination unit), which at the same time proves high level of survival rate against the artificial injection using A. hydrophila. Key words : Ascorbic acid, fish immunity, Thai catfish, Pangasius hypophthalmus. ABSTRAK Suatu penelitian telah dilakukan di laboratorium dengan menggunakan ikan jambal Siam (Pangasius hypophthalmus Fowler) untuk melihat tingkat kekebalan ikan dengan menambahkan vitamin C pada pakan (0, 1.000, 2.000 dan 3.000 mg/kg pakan). Ikan jambal Siam ukuran 15-20 g dipelihara dalam aquarium selama 6 minggu dengan kepadatan 15 ekor/wadah. Pemberian pakan dilakukan 3 kali sehari sebanyak 5-10% dari bobot biomasa, pengambilan contoh darah dilakukan setiap minggu dan uji tantang dilakukan pada hari ke-30 dengan bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila (106 sel/mm3) secara intramuskular. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan vitamin C sebanyak 2.000 mg/kg pakan menyebabkan meningkatnya respon seluler antara lain: total lekosit (34.850 sel/mm3), jenis lekosit (limfosit: 72,2%, monosit: 8,0%, netrofil: 7,7% dan trombosit: 17,6%) indeks fagositik 13% dan respon humoral (titer antibodi: 0,829 unit serum aglutinasi). Kelangsungan hidup ikan jambal Siam dengan respon seluler demikian mencapai 100%. Kata kunci : Vitamin C, imunitas ikan, ikan jambal Siam, Pangasius hypophthalmus.

The Role of Calyx and Fruit Extract of Mangrove Sonneratia caseolaris (L) on Infection by Bacteria Vibrio harveyi in Shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fab.) Maryani, .; Dana, D.; Sukenda, .
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 3 (2002): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACTBacteriological disease that caused by bacteria V. Harveyi often lead to any damage in shrimp cultivation. The study of the role of calyx and fruit extract of mangrove S. Caseolaaaris (L) for preventation and healing on infection by bacteria V. Harveyi to shrimp (P.monodon Fab) have conducted. Dosage level that applied in this study, both preventation and healing is 100 ppm and 200 ppm, respectively, obtained in the result of the preventation and healing experiment. For hemocyt, percent of granulosit increased and decrease for percent of hialin, contrastly if compared with control. Application of mangrove extract can also increase the resistence of shrimp after infectedby bacteria V. harveyi and decreasing of bacteria level in the body of shrimp. By histological observation, appearing normality of digestion system with the rich of food in digestion tract after application of mangrove S. caseolaris (L) can applicated for preventation and healing to infection of bacteria V. harveyi to shrimp.Key words : Bacterial infection, Vibrio harveyi, Sonneratia caseolaris, tiger shrimp. ABSTRAKPenyakit bakterial yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Vibrio sering menimbulkan masalah pada budidaya udang. Penelitian untuk mengetahui peranan ekstrak kelopak dan buah mangrove Sonneratia caseolaris (L), untuk pencegahan dan pengobatan terhadap infeksi bakteri Vibrio harveyi pada udang windu (Penaeus monodon Fab.) telah dilakukan. Dosis yang digunakan pada percobaan ini adalah 100 ppm untuk pencegahan dan 200 ppm untuk pengobatan. Didapatkan hasil pada percobaan pencegahan dan pengobatan untuk jenis hemosit terjadi kenaikan persentase granulosit dan penurunan persentase hialin dan bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol hal ini terjadi sebaliknya. Pemberian ekstrak mangrove juga meningkatkan ketahanan hidup udang windu setelah diinfeksi dengan bakteri V. harveyi dan penurunan jumlah bakteri yang terdapat pada tubuh udang. Gambaran pengamatan histologis memperlihatkan terjadinya kenormalan pada organ pencernaan dengan penuhnya saluran pencernaan oleh pakan setelah pemberian ekstrak mangrove. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak kelopak dan buah mangrove (S. caseolaris) dapat dipergunakan untuk pencegahan dan pengobatan terhadap infeksi bakteri V. harveyi pada udang windu.Kata kunci : Infeksi bakteri, Vibrio harveyi, Sonneratia caseolaris, udang windu.

White Spot Disease in Black Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus Monodon Fab.) : Infection of White Spot Virus at 20, 100 and 200 uG/Ml by Dipping Method within 120 Minutes Exposure Time Alifuddin, M.; Dana, D.; Eidman, M.; Malole, M.B.; Pasaribu, F.H.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 1 (2003): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

An infection trial of white spot disease on tiger shrimp was conducted by water borne inoculation with the different of viral concentration. The result showed that the viral concentration influenced the appearance of white spot specific lesion, occurrence and disease development. This study also indicated that white spot virus infect hepato-pancreatic tissue as well as gill, intestine and lymphoid tissues. Key word: White spot virus, infectious disease, tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fab. ABSTRAK Percobaan penularan penyakit white spot pada udang windu telah dilakukan secara perendaman dengan berbagai konsentrasi virus. Hasil percobaan ini memperlihatkan, bahwa konsentrasi virus mempengaruhi kemunculan lesi spesifik penyakit white spot, kejadian dan perkembangan penyakit. Percobaan ini juga memperlihatkan, bahwa hepatopankrea terserang virus white spot disamping, insang, usus dan jaringan limfoid. Kata kunci: Virus white spot, penyakit infeksi, udang windu, Penaeus monodon Fab.

Patogenesis of White Spot Virus Infection (WSV) on Black Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus Monodon Fab.) Alifuddin, M.; Dana, D.; Eidman, M.; Malole, M.B.; Pasaribu, F.H.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 2 (2003): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

The pathogenesis determination of white spot disease on tiger shrimp to study effect of various white spot virus concentrations on pathological changes was conducted by water borne infection with the several of viral concentration within 60 minute using black tiger shrimp post larvae. The result showed the incubation period of the disease based on appeareance of white spot at 2-2000 ng/ml is 17 days p.i., whilst at 0.2-0.02 ng/ml is 19 days p.i. It seem, the lowest viral concentration stimulated respond immune of shrimp which indicated by low mortalities percentage (13.3 and 10.6%). Stage of disease development recognized throughout histological analyse, based on hypertropie of nuclei, is stage 0-4. Based on microscopic observation, the white spot seen pleomorphic forms which related to its development and seem to be used as rapid diagnostic tool for indicating of WS infection. This study also proved by histological observation that hepatopancreatic tissue can be infected as well as epidermis of carapace, gill, intestine and lymphoid tissues. One of pathological changes by WS infection is white spot as pathogonomic lesi of the disease. Keyword : White spot virus, infectious disease, tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fab.)

The Effect of Hydroquinone Extracted from Sonneratia caseolaris Fruit on the Hemolymph of Tiger Prawn, Penaeus monodon Fab., Infected by Vibrio harveyi Arifuddin, .; Sukenda, .; Dana, D.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2004): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Study on the effect of hydroquinone extracted from 5. caseolaris fruit on Penaeus monodon immune system was carried out. Hydroquinone was extracted by methanol and chloroform using a soxhlet apparatus. Two kinds of in vivo experiments were conducted that were (1) shrimps were only injected with hidroquinone and (2) shrimps were injected with hidroquinone and challenged with Vibrio harveyi. Total hemocyte, differential hemocyte and phagocytic index were examined on shrimp injected with only hidroquinone and shrimp injected with hidroquinone and challenged with V. harveyi. Total hemocyte of hydroquinone injected shrimp increased significantly by day 5 from 8.33xl06 to 4,93 x 107 cells/ml. Hyaline and semi granular hemocyte cells by day 7 decreased from 61,15% to 27,84% and 8,14% to 2,53%, respectively. However, granular hemocyte cells increase significantly from 30,71% to 69,63%. Phagocytic index increased significantly by day 7 from 0.41 to 0,76. These findings indicated that crude hydroquinone can increase non spesifik imune response of P. monodon against V. harveyi infection. Key words: hydroquinone. Sonneratia caseolaris. Vibrio harveyi, Penaeus monodon, immune system ABSTRAK Kajian tentang efek hidrokuinon yang diekstraksi dari buah S. caseolaris pada sistem imun udang windu, Penaeus monodon, dilakukan. Hidrokuinon diekstraksi dengan methanol dan kloroform. Dua jenis percobaan in vivo dilakukan yaitu (1) udang hanya diinjeksi dengan hidrokuinon (2) udang diinjeksi dengan hidrokuinon kemudian diuji tantang dengan bakteri Vibrio harveyi. Total hemosit, diferensial hemosit dan indeks pagositas diperiksa pada udang yang dinjeksi dengan hidrokuinon saja dan pada udang yang diinjeksi dengan hidrokuinon dan diuji tantang dengan bakteri V. harveyi. Total hemosit meningkat secara nyata sampai hari ke 5 dari 8,33 x I06 ke 4,93 x 107 sel/ml. Hyaline dan sel-sel semi granular sampai hari ke 7 masing-masing turun dari 61,15% ke 27,84% dan 8,14% ke 2,53%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa hidrokuinon dapat meningkatkan respon imun spesifik pada udang terhadap infeksi V. harveyi. Kata kunci: hidrokuinon, Sonneratia caseolaris, Vibrio harveyi, Penaeus monodon, sistem imun

The Effect Hydroquinone Extracted from Sonneratia caseolaris Fruit to Control Vibrio harveyi Artificial Infection on Tiger Shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fab. Arifuddin, .; Sukenda, .; Dana, D.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2004): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

The role of hydroquinone extracted from Soneratia caseolaris fruit to control Vibrio harveyi infection on tiger prawn was carried out. In vitro experiment was conducted using disc diffusion and MIC {minimum inhibitory concentration) methods to know the sensitivity of V. harveyi to hydroquinone. Two kinds of in vivo experiments were (1) hydroquinone was injected into shrimps muscle and a week later the shrimps were challenged with V. harveyi (2) the shrimps were challenged with V. harveyi and one day later hidroquinone was injected. Total count of live V. harveyi on the shrimps and survival rate were observed after challenge test. Hydroquinone showed antibacterial activity with MIC at 3000 ppm. Hydroquinone injected shrimp showed higher survival rate compared with control (100% vs 50%). Total count of V. harveyi from injected shrimp, either before or after challenged, decreased by 2,61xl04 cfu/g and l,61xl04 cfu/g, respectively. These findings indicated that crude hydroquinone have anti-bacterial effect to control V. harveyi infection. Key words: hydroquinone, Sonneratia caseolaris, Vibrio harveyi, Penaeus monodon ABSTRAK Telaah peran hidrokuinon yang diekstraksi dari buah Soneratia caseolaris untuk mengontrol infeksi Vibrio harveyi pada udang windu dilakukan. Percobaan in vitro dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi cakram dan MIC {minimum inhibitory concentration) untuk mengetahui sensitivitas V. harveyi terhadap hidrokuinon. Percobaan in vivo dilakukan dengan dua cara (1) hidrokuinon disuntikkan pada otot udang dan seminggu kemudian udang diuji tantang dengan V. harveyi (2) udang ditantang terlebih dahulu dengan V. harveyi dan sehari kemudian hidrokuinon disuntikkan. Jumlah total bakteri V. harveyi hidup pada udang dan kelangsungan hidup udang diamati setelah uji tantang. Hidrokuinon menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri dengan MIC 3000 ppm. Udang yang diinjeksi dengan hidrokuinon mempunyai kelangsungan hidup yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol (100% vs 50%). Jumlah total V. harveyi pada udang yang diinfeksi, baik sebelum maupun sesudah, masing-masing turun sampai 2,61 x 104 cfu/g dan 1,61 x 104 cfu/g. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa hidrokuinon mempunyai efek anti-bakterial untuk mengontrol infeksi V. harveyi. Kata kunci: hidrokuinon, Sonneratia caseolaris, Vibrio harveyi, Penaeus monodon

Resistance of Fry from Vaccinated Mother of Gift Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linn.) to Artificial Infection of Streptococcus iniae Nur, I.; Sukenda, .; Dana, D.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2004): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

An investigation was made to study the efficacy of dosage and time of administration in maternal vaccination. Mothers of nile tilapia were vaccinated by intraperitoneal injection with adjuvant-heat killed Streptococcus iniae at one and two weeks after spawning at the dosages of 0,2 ml/kg and 0,4 ml/kg body weight. Unvaccinated mothers were used as control. Agglutinating antibody titers in the blood plasma of mothers before and after spawning, eggs soluble extract, the body fluid of fry at 5, 10 and 15 days post hatching (DPH) were examined. The protective immunity of fry was tested by challenge test, the survival rate (SR) and the relative percent survival (RPS) offish within 7 days was observed. There was no difference in the antibody level of mothers, eggs soluble extract, and the body fluid of fry at 5, 10 and 15 DPH from vaccinated mothers at one or two weeks after spawning. However, antibody of mothers, eggs and fry from vaccinated mothers at the dosage of 0,4 ml/kg body weight were higher than the dosage of 0,2 ml/kg body weight and control. Antibody titre. of fry of vaccinated mothers at 5, 10 and 15 DPH were (-log2=2,88), (-log2=2,53) and (-log2=2,07) respectively, while SR were 89%, 94% and 92% respectively. SR of control fry were lower 7%, 10% and 12% respectively than fry from vaccinated mother; meanwhile RPS were 47%. 76% and 77% respectively. Key words: Maternal immunity. Streptococcus iniae, Oreochromis niloticus, vaccination, antibody ABSTRAK Suatu studi tentang efikasi dari dosis dan waktu pemberian vaksin pada vaksinasi lewat induk dilakukan. Induk ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) diberi vaksin melalui injeksi intraperitoneal dengan "adjuvant-heat killed Streptococcus iniae" satu minggu sesudah memijah dan dua minggu sesudah memijah dengan dosis 0,2 ml/kg dan 0,4 ml/kg bobot tubuh. Aglutinasi titer antibodi dari plasma darah induk sebelum dan sesudah memijah, ekstrak terlarut telur, dan cairan tubuh pada 5, 10 dan 15 hari setelah menetas (DPH) diperiksa. Imunitas dari larva diuji dengan uji tantang, kelangsungan hidup (SR) dalam 7 hari setelah uji tantang diamati. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan pada level antibodi dari induk, ekstrak terlarut telur dan cairan tubuh dari larva pada 5, 10 dan 15 DPH dari induk yang diberi vaksin pada satu atau dua minggu setelah memijah. Akan tetapi, level antibodi induk, ekstrak terlarut telur dan cairan tubuh larva dari induk-induk yang diberi vaksin dengan dosis 0.4 ml/kg bobot tubuh lebih tinggi dari 0.2 ml/kg bobot tubuh dan kontrol. Level antibodi dari larva yang berasal dari induk yang diberi vaksin dengan dosis 0.2 ml/kg, 0.4 ml/kg dan kontrol adalah (-log2=2.5), (-log2=2.9) dan (-log2=2). Sedangkan kelangsungan hidupnya masing-masing 95%, 94% dan 84%. Kata kunci: Imunitas induk. Streptococcus iniae, Oreochromis niloticus, vaksinasi, antibodi

The Improvement of Protein Retention through a Higher Utilization of Carbohydrate in the Diet with Chromium for Common Carp Cyprinus carpio Linn. S, Nuryati; Dana, D.; Malole, M.B.; Pasaribu, F.H.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2004): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Primary shrimp cell culture from lymphoid organ of Penaeus monodon was successfully developed. Minced tissues of lymphoid organ were seeded by tripsin enzyme and culture in Leibovit'z-15 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 5% NaCl. Plates were then incubated at 27 °C with 5% C02 supply. Confluent cells were infected by white spot baculovirus (WSBV). Cytopathic effect (CPE) induced by white spot baculovirus showed characteristics of detachment cells and lysis forming giant polycaryon cells. Primary shrimp cell culture could be continued by anvanced cell culture resulting cell line could be used virus media. Key words : cell culture, lymphoid organ, tiger shrimp, invitro, virus ABSTRAK Kultur sel primer dari organ limfoid udang windu Penaaeus monodon telah berhasil dilakukan. Potongan organ limfoid dipisahkan menjadi sel-sel tunggal dengan menggunakan enzim tripsin. Sel-sel tunggal tersebut dikuitur dalam media Leibovit'z-15 dengan tambahan 10 % fetal bovine serum dan 5 % NaCl. Biakan diinkubasi pada suhu 27 °C dengan kandungan C02 sebanyak 5 %. Biakan yang telah konfluen diinfeksi dengan virus WSBV dan menghasilkan cytopathic effect (CPE) dengan karakter sel lepas dari perlekatan dan mengalami lisis yang menyisakan giant cells dengan inti banyak (polycaryons). Kultur sel primer ini dapat ditindaklanjuti dengan kultur sel dengan pasase yang berulang-ulang sehingga dapat menghasilkan sel lestari (cell line) untuk media tumbuh virus. Kata kunci: biakan sel, organ limfoid, udang windu, invitro, virus

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