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Journal : Rotasi

PENINGKATAN KUALITAS SERAT DAUN PELEPAH KELAPA MELALUI PERLAKUAN ALKALI Darmanto, Seno; Umardani, Yusuf
ROTASI Volume 11, Nomor 4, Oktober 2009
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (142.433 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/rotasi.11.4.21-25

Abstract

Research is done to analyze treatment (physical and chemical) in increasing quality of coconut leaves fiber. Plot of coconut leaves fiber research is done with determining characteristic of physically coconut leaves, method of making single fiber, treatment technical and testing of strength. Determining of physically coconut leaves characteristic is done by observing and measuring dimension directly and testing water content. Then making of single fiber is done by selecting of coconut leaves, washing, drying and brushing/shaving. Treatment of physically coconut leaves is begun from coconut leaves in sheet shape to single fiber shape. Kind of physically treatment consists of washing, soaking, natural drying and supervised drying. Washing and soaking use water. Natural drying of coconut leaves is done when coconut leaves is sheet. Supervised drying is done with hot air in ±45oC of temperature. Generation of hot air is done with heat transfer from hot water ±60oC of temperature to air in drying pan. The next, washing, soaking and supervised drying is done to prepare coconut leaves that will be used to chemical treatment. Chemical treatment is done with methode alkali. Alkali treatment to single coconut leaves fiber is done with using NaOH solution. The alkali solution is arranged with concentration variation 5%, 10% and 15%. Alkali treatment uses water as solvent. Testing of single coconut leaves fiber is done to refer JIS number R7601 for single fiber. Observing and measuring shows that coconut leave stem has ±230 of coconut leaves. Measuring dimension shows that coconut leaves width have ±1 cm in coconut leaves tip, ±4 cm in coconut leaves center and ±2 cm in coconut leaves stem tip. Water content of coconut leaves can reach ± 50%. Method of making single fiber show that brushing or shaving will be effective when coconut leave is rather dry. Then testing of tensile shows that alkali treatment is trend to increase strength and elongation. The increasing of coconut leaves quality (strength and elongation) will be optimum in concentration 10% of NaOH.
ANALISA PEMADATAN TANAH LIAT DENGAN MESIN EXTRUDER Darmanto, Seno
ROTASI Volume 8, Nomor 3, Juli 2006
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (178.714 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/rotasi.8.3.20-23

Abstract

Research is done to analyze work performance of extruder machine to compress clay for red brick. Theanalyzing work performance of extruder machine is based on dry density of clay and water content. Research is done inindustry and laboratory with doing observation and taking specimen of clay that had been given treatment in extrudermachine. And based on analyzing data it shows that dry density of clay in extruder machine is in range 1.45 gram/cm3 –1.55 gram/cm3 and water content can be range 27% -31%.
Modifikasi Mesin Potong Rumput Model Gendong untuk Pemotong Pelepah Sawit Darmanto, Seno; Firdaus, Ghifa; Suryana, Yusuf
ROTASI Vol 22, No 4 (2020): VOLUME 22, NOMOR 4, OKTOBER 2020
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/rotasi.22.4.242-245

Abstract

The process of modifying a lawn mower into a frond and fruit cutting machine is carried out through several stages including design drawings, component modification, assembly, and testing. Modification of components is done by making adapters from cylindrical iron, the connection of the handle and the holder of the handle. Cutting machine testing uses 2 types of cutting blades namely circular saw blade and chainsaw blades and is applied to cut the frond palm fruit. Based on the processing of test data, the circular saw blade saws one frond with an average time of 20.5 seconds, and cutting 175 palm fronds per hour and consumes 1.09 l/hour of fuel, while for chainsaw blades takes an average of 17.75 seconds, and trims 202 fronds/hour and consumes 1.26 l/hour of fuel