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Setiawati Setiawati
Departemen Farmakologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia
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Upgrading Kader Posyandu Balita melalui Edukasi dan Pelatihan sebagai Upaya Revitalisasi Posyandu Desa Linggasari Banyumas Binaan FK UNSOED Alfi Muntafiah; Setiawati Setiawati; Wahyudin Wahyudin; Fitranto Arjadi; Qodri Santosa
Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat Vol 8 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat
Publisher : Universitas Mathla'ul Anwar Banten

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (227.924 KB) | DOI: 10.30653/jppm.v8i1.240

Abstract

Posyandu merupakan wadah pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk mentransfer informasi dan keterampilan dari petugas kesehatan kepada masyarakat setempat dan antar sesama masyarakat. Kegiatan posyandu digerakkan oleh kader posyandu, warga terpilih yang rela mencurahkan tenaga & waktunya, serta paling memahami kondisi masyarakat setempat. Keberadaan kader sangat strategis sebagai ujung tombak dan garda terdepan pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat. Mengingat perann pentingnya, kader posyandu perlu memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan untuk mendukung perannya. Kader posyandu harus berbenah diri dan beradaptasi dengan perubahan agar tetap diminati oleh masyarakat. Kapasitas kader perlu ditingkatkan dan kualitas pelayanan perlu ditingkatkan. Kader perlu berinovasi dan berkreasi dalam penyelenggaraan posyandu agar tidak terjebak pada rutinitas yang menyebabkan masyarakat bosan datang ke posyandu karena kegiatannya hanya “menimbang berat badan dan tinggi badan”. Berbagai permasalahan di Posyandu yang sering muncul antara lain aspek kualitas dan keterampilan kader dan sarana prasarana posyandu. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan memberikan transfer pengetahuan dan pelatihan. Materi yang diberikan meliputi “Posyandu, peran, dan tugas kader”; “Buku KMS dan KIA”; “Sukses Menyusui Eksklusif”; dan “Masalah Diare pada Anak”. Pelatihan dilakukan dengan memberikan skenario kasus kemudian kader melakukan role play memberikan edukasi tentang kasus terkait. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi langkah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader yang mendukung perannya di Posyandu. Posyandu is a forum for community empowerment to transfer information and skills from health workers to the local community and between fellow communities. Posyandu activities are driven by posyandu cadres, selected citizens who are willing to put in their energy & time, and best understand the conditions of the local community. The existence of cadres is very strategic as the spearhead and the frontline of public health services. Given their important role, posyandu cadres need to have knowledge and skills to support their role. Posyandu cadres must improve themselves and adapt to changes to remain in demand by the community. Cadre capacity needs to be upgraded and service quality needs to be improved. Cadres need to innovate and be creative in organizing posyandu, so they don't get stuck in routines that cause people to get bored of coming to the Posyandu because their activities are only "weighing weight and height". Various problems in Posyandu that often arise include aspects of the quality and skills of cadres and posyandu infrastructure. This activity is carried out by providing knowledge transfer and training. The material provided includes “Posyandu, roles, and duties of cadres”; “KMS and KIA Books”; “Success for Exclusive Breastfeeding”; and “Diarrhea Problems in Children”. The training was carried out by providing case scenarios and then cadres did role-play providing education about related cases. This activity is expected to be a step to improve the knowledge and skills of cadres who support their roles in Posyandu.
Aktivitas antibiofilm ekstrak etanol kulit bawang merah (Allium cepa L.) dalam menghambat pembentukan biofilm Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 Alya Ghina Rosyada; Christiana Cahyani Prihastuti; Dwi Nur Indah Sari; Setiawati Setiawati; Meylida Ichsyani; Anindita Laksitasari; Restian Febi Andini; Aris Aji Kurniawan
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 35, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v35i1.42451

Abstract

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Permasalahan dental maupun medis banyak disebabkan oleh biofilm bakteri di dalam rongga mulut. Salah satu bakteri penyusun biofilm yaitu Staphylococcus aureus. Bakteri ini merupakan jenis bakteri Gram positif yang bersifat patogen oportunistik dalam rongga mulut serta memiliki mekanisme pembentukan biofilm yang kompleks. Kulit bawang merah mengandung senyawa fitokimia seperti flavonoid, saponin, fenol, tanin, alkaloid, dan steroid yang dilaporkan bersifat antibiofilm sehingga berpotensi sebagai alternatif obat kumur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aktivitas antibiofilm ekstrak etanol kulit bawang merah (EKBM) konsentrasi 6,25%; 12,5%; 25%; 50%; dan 100% dalam menghambat pembentukan biofilm S. aureus. Metode: Penelitian ini meruoakan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris in vitro dengan rancangan penelitian posttest-only control group design.Ekstrak dibuat menggunakan metode maserasi etanol 96% dengan perendaman selama 15 hari. Kontrol positif penelitian ini adalah CHG 0,2% dan kontrol negatif berupa DMSO 1%. Penghambatan pembentukan biofilm diukur menggunakan Microtiter Plate Assay (MPA) dengan panjang gelombang 595 nm. Data hasil pembacaan MPA dianalisis secara statistik dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji post hoc Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Persentase penghambatan biofilm tertinggi ada pada EKBM 25% (92,86+1,45%) namun hasil ini masih lebih rendah daripada kelompok kontrol positif (94,74+0,56%) secara bermakna (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara persentase penghambatan pembentukan biofilm oleh EKBM 12,5% (92,74+0,98%) dengan EKBM 25% secara statistik. Simpulan: Penghambatan pembentukan biofilm oleh EKBM terhadap biofilm S. aureus yang paling efektif terdapat pada konsentrasi 12,5%.Kata kunci: Allium cepa L, biofilm, kulit bawang merah, Staphylococcus aureus.ABSTRACTIntroduction: Many dental and medical problems are caused by bacterial biofilms in the oral cavity. One of the bacteria that form the biofilm is Staphylococcus aureus. This bacterium is a type of Gram-positive bacteria which is an opportunistic pathogen in the oral cavity and has a complex biofilm formation mechanism. Shallot peel contains phytochemical compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, phenols, tannins, alkaloids, and steroids which are reported as antibiofilms so that they have the potential as an alternative mouthwash. This study aims to analyzed the antibiofilm activity of ethanolic extract of shallot peel (EESP) with a concentration of 6.25%; 12.5%; 25%; 50%; and 100% in inhibiting the formation of S. aureus biofilms. Methods: This research was an experimental study. Extracts were prepared using 96% ethanol maceration method by immersion for 15 days. The positive control in this study was CHG 0.2% and the negative control was DMSO 1%. Inhibition of biofilm formation was measured using a Microtiter Plate Assay (MPA) with a wavelength of 595 nm. The data from the MPA readings were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney post hoc test. Results: The highest percentage of biofilm inhibition was in EESP 25% (92.86+1.45%) but this result was significantly lower than the positive control group (94.74+0.56%) (p<0.05). There was no significant difference (p<0.05) between the percentage of inhibition of biofilm formation of EESP 12.5% (92.74+0.98%) and EESP 25% statistically. Conclusion: The most effective inhibition of biofilm formation by EESP against S. aureus biofilms was found at a concentration of 12.5%.Keywords: Allium cepa L, biofilm, shallot peel, Staphylococcus aureus
ACTINOMYCETES AS A SOURCE OF POTENTIAL ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIBIOFILM AGENTS Setiawati Setiawati; Rizak Tiara Yusan
Medical and Health Journal Vol 1 No 2 (2022): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (283.185 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2022.1.2.5831

Abstract

Actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria, anaerobic or facultative with a fungal-like morphology, widely distributed in both waters and land. Actinomycetes are bacteria with the largest taxonomic unit with diverse phyla diversity related to morphology, physiology, and metabolic ability. Actinomycetes have been known to have many benefits in medicine, including antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, and anticancer. The content of secondary metabolites produced by actinomycetes varies widely. Actinomycetes contain active compounds from the polyene, terpenoid, phenolic, polyketide, phenazine, piperazine, and non-polyene groups, which have been shown to have antibacterial, antifungal, and antibiofilm activities. Streptomycetes known produce most of the antibiotics. Many compounds have been isolated from actinomycetes have antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. It can be developed for further research because there are no antibiofilm candidate drugs from actinomycetes that the FDA approved until now. This paper discusses the active compounds isolated from actinomycetes which have antibacterial, antifungal, and antibiofilm activities, and their mechanism of action.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etil Asetat Terong Ungu (Solanum melongena L.) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus: Antibacterial Activity Test of Extracts Ethyl Acetate Purple Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) against Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria Rachmaningtyas Setyohartono Putri; Setiawati Setiawati; Joko Setyono; Eman Sutrisna; Hajid Rahmadianto Mardhihusodo
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i2.1730

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a bacterium that is often found resistant to antibiotics and infects patients with weak immune systems. Currently, the use of purple eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) for the treatment of infections is widely developed due to its pharmacological effects. This study was aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate extract of purple eggplant against S. aureus bacteria. Extraction used ethyl acetate solvent by maceration method and antibacterial activity testing by microdillution method to compare the effect of inhibiting the growth of S. aureus bacterial colonies by the active ingredients of purple eggplant ethyl acetate extract at concentrations of 5 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, and 40 mg/mL against negative control, media control, and 5% DMSO solvent control. Purple eggplant ethyl acetate extract concentration of 40 mg/mL inhibited the growth of S. aureus ATCC 25923 by 94%, concentration of 20 mg/mL inhibited by 83%, concentration of 10 mg/mL inhibited by 26% and concentration of 5 mg/mL did not inhibit bacterial growth. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of purple eggplant ethyl acetate extract was 20 mg/mL and the MBC values was greater than 40 mg/mL. The antibacterial activity of purple eggplant ethyl acetate extract depends on the concentration dose used. The higher the concentration used, the higher the antibacterial activity. Keywords: Purple eggplant, Staphylococcus aureus, MIC, MBC Abstrak Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) merupakan bakteri yang sering ditemukan resisten terhadap antibiotik dan menginfeksi pasien dengan sistem imun lemah.   Saat ini, penggunaan terong ungu (Solanum melongena L.) untuk pengobatan infeksi banyak dikembangkan karena efek farmakologi yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etil asetat terong ungu terhadap bakteri S aureus.  Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat kemudian dilakukan uji aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode microdillution untuk membandingkan efek penghambatan pertumbuhan koloni bakteri S. aureus oleh bahan aktif ekstrak etil asetat terong ungu konsentrasi 5 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, dan 40 mg/mL terhadap kontrol negatif, kontrol media, dan kontrol pelarut DMSO 5%. Ekstrak etil asetat terong ungu konsentrasi 40 mg/mL mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus ATCC 25923 sebesar 94%, konsentrasi 20 mg/mL menghambat sebesar 83%, konsentasi 10 mg/mL menghambat sebesar 26%, dan konsentrasi 5 mg/mL tidak menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) ekstrak etil asetat terong ungu sebesar 20 mg/mL dan nilai KBM lebih besar dari 40 mg/mL.  Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etil asetat terong ungu bergantung dengan dosis konsentrasi yang digunakan.  Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang digunakan maka semakin tinggi pula aktivitas antibakterinya. Kata Kunci: Terong Ungu, Staphylococcus aureus, KHM, KBM
Co-Authors Alfi Muntafiah Alya Ghina Rosyada Anindita Laksitasari Aris Aji Kurniawan Christiana Cahyani Prihastuti Dwi Nur Indah Sari Eman Sutrisna Fitranto Arjadi Hajid Rahmadianto Mardhihusodo Joko Setyono Meylida Ichsyani Qodri Santosa Rachmaningtyas Setyohartono Putri Restian Febi Andini Rizak Tiara Yusan Wahyudin Wahyudin