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Suwardi Sumadiwangsa
Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
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PENGARUH PENGUKUSAN TERHADAP KUALITAS BIJI TENGKA- WANG (SHOREA STENOPTERA) (effect of steaming on the quality of tengkawang (shorea stenoptera) seed) Suwardi Sumadiwangsa
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 11, No 2 (1993): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1993.11.2.53-56

Abstract

The experiment is to study the steaming effect of tengkawang seed (Shorea stenoptera) on both yield and quality.The steam period of samples is 0,15,20,25. And 30 minutes at temperature of 97.5°C and at ambient pressure. A sample was extracted by hydraulic prassing at 25 kg/cm2 and temperaturee of 90°C for one hour.The determinations including yield of fat, acid value, peroxid value, saponification value, iodine value. impurity, water content, melting point, and specific gravity.The experiment shows that the more steaming period, the less yield of at. Fat qualities are affected by steaming periods, except Iodine value, Melting point, and lmpurity. However the fat yield and its qulity of the untreated seed is better than the treated ones.
MODIFICATION TO MAKE SAGO FLOUR CLOSE TO THE EXTENDER OF UREA FORMALDEHYDE ADHESIVE PROPERTIES *) Suwardi Sumadiwangsa; J Karchesy **); P Humphrey **)
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 15, No 8 (1998): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1998.15.8.463-474

Abstract

Sejak  tahun  1970, baik jumlah   maupun  kapasitas  pabrik  kayu  lapis  di Indonesia   meningkat dengan  pesat.  Pada  tahun  1995, produksi  kayu  lapis Indonesia  mencapai  sekitar   13,6  juta  meter kubik.  Untuk  memeuuhi   produksi  sebesar  itu diimpor sekitar 240.930 ton  tepung   gandum. Dapat  diduga  bahwa  tepung  gandum  dapat  diganti  oleh  bahan  pati  lain seperti  tepung  sagu.  Tepung  sagu  seperti  tepung   gandum,    mengandung   kadar  pati  yang   tinggi.  Karena   itu  tepung sagu  berpoteusi   tinggi  untuk  mengganti   tepung   terigu  sebagai   bahan  ekstender   perekat   urea-formaldehida  (UF).  Tetapi   perbedaan   besar  molekul   dan  kandungan   bahan  kimia   lain  seperti  gluten   menyebahkan   sifat  fisiko-kimia  sagu  berbeda   dengan   terigu  bila digunakan  sebagai  bahan  ekstender   perekat   UF.Tepung  sagu  adalah  hasil  ekstrak  batang  pohon  sagu  (Metroxylon  sagus Roxb).   Pohon  sagu   terutama   tumbuh  di Indonesia   dan  Papua  Nugini.  Selain itu, dalam  jumlah kecil  juga tumbuh  di Malaysia,  Thailand  dan  Philipina. Dari  potensi  pohon  yang  tersedia  diperkirakan bahwa  setiap  tahun  di Indonesia   tersedia  sebanyak  3, 6 juta  ton tepung  sagu.  Bila  tidak dipanen  tepung  sagu  tersebut  akan  terbuang  bersama  pohon  yang  segera  mati  setelah  pembuahan.Dalam  penelitian ini sifat fisiko  kimia  tepung  sagu yang  dimodifikasi  diuji  dan diharapkanmemiliki  sifat  seperti   tepung   gandum  sebagai  bahan  ekstender   perekat  UF.   Tepung   sagu dimodifikasi  dengan  dua  cara  yaitu  dengan   penambahan   asam   klorida  (HCI)  dan   dengan fosforilasi   (campuran  mono -  dan  di-sodium  fosfat)   sampai  mencapai  padanan    sifat   bahan ekstender  perekat   UF  yang  lazim  digunakan.
SERBUK BABAKAN AKASIA SEBAGAI PEREKAT PAPAN PARTIKEL Suwardi Sumadiwangsa; Sadan Widarmana; Ratmaja Eka Putra; Rozak Memed
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 5, No 1 (1988): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1988.5.1.12-16

Abstract

This  work  investigates  the use of acacia  (Acacia decurrens Willds.)  bark  powder   mixed   with  paraformaldehyde as an adhesive for particleboard. The treatments included powder  contents  of 10, 12, and 14% of the oven dry  weight basis.  The paraformaldehyde   employed  has also 3 levels i.e. 20, 30, and 40%. Material used for this study  was the jeungjing (Albizia falcataria  (L.) Fosberg.) flakes.   The boards were made in the Forest Products  Research  Centre laboratory  to determine  their physical  and mechanical properties.The effect  of paraformaldehyde  content  alone on the overall particleboards  properties  was not significant.  On the other hand,  the effect  of acacia bark powder  contents  on the particle board properties were significant on water absorption, MOR  and MOE after soaking.  Those qualities were better  with higher powder  content. 
CAMPURAN SAGU DAN ILES-ILES SEBAGAI EKSTENDER PEREKAT UREA FORMALDEHIDA KAYU LAPIS Suwardi Sumadiwangsa; Yusuf Sudo Hadi; Jhon Novarly Simanjuntak; Suwandi Kliwon
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 3 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.3.30-35

Abstract

In 1984 Indonesia required more than 64.000 ton of wheat flour for  extender  of urea formaldehyda   (UF) adhesive in plywood  industry.  It is considered more economical  when the wheat flour  can be substituted  by locally available carbohydrate  such as sago (Metroxylon  sp.). However, sago alone gives poor quality  as an extender  of  UF adhesive.Iles-iles (Amorphophallus oncophyllus)  is another potential source of carbohydrate.   This contains  more protein  and mannan  than that  of wheat flour. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to explore the posisibility  of mixing sago and iles-iles as a combined  substitute  for  wheat flour  as extender  of  UF adhesive.This work is intended to obtain optimal ratio of sago and iles-iles formulation,   and then to compare its performance  with that of wheat flour extender.  This study comprise of 5 levels of sago and iles-iles mixed and 3 levels of flour  extender, each of which were having 5 replicates aplied for plywood  adhesion.The 713 ratio of sago and iles-iles is the same as, if not better than, wheat flour  extender.  The extender content  (X) and plywood  bonding strength (Y) for  each of  the extender  was linearly correlated.  It is interesting to note  that  the 614 ratio gives  very small slope (B) in its linear regression, in contrast  to the others.Although  the price of iles-iles was comparable to the wheat flour's, the lles-iles gives higher bonding strength  at lower proportion  compared with that of  the wheat flour  extender. 
Co-Authors Boen M Poernama Gusmailina Gusmailina J Karchesy **) Jhon Novarly Simanjuntak O K Karyono P Humphrey **) Ratmaja Eka Putra Rozak Memed Sadan Widarmana Suwandi Kliwon Yusuf Sudo Hadi