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PENELUSURAN POTENSI FRAKSI n-HEKSAN DAN ETIL ASETAT DARI EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN GUGUR KETAPANG (Terminalia catappa L.) SEBAGAI ANTIDIARE Maulita Cut Nuria; Zumrotul Chabibah; Syahar Banu; Risha Fillah Fithria
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Prosiding Seminar Nasional "Perkembangan Terbaru Pemanfaatan Herbal Sebagai Agen Preventif Pada Tera
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (354.774 KB) | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v0i0.1219

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ABSTRAK Daun ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.). secara empiris digunakan sebagai obat diare. Bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan diare adalah E. coli dan S. aureus. Beberapa penelitian melaporkan bahwa ekstrak metanol daun ketapang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri, serta daun gugur ketapang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri lebih besar daripada daun hijau. Daun  ketapang mengandung senyawa golongan flavonoid, tanin  dan  terpenoid.  Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  menelusuri potensi fraksi n-heksan dan etil asetat dari ekstrak metanol daun gugur ketapang segar dan kering sebagai antidiare, serta mengidentifikasi senyawa aktif dalam fraksi tersebut. Bahan yang digunakan adalah daun gugur segar dan kering ketapang yang disari dengan pelarut metanol menggunakan metode maserasi dan difraksinasi secara bertingkat dengan pelarut n-heksan dan etil asetat (EA). Kedua fraksi tersebut kemudian diuji aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap E. coli dan S. aureus menggunakan metode difusi agar, dengan seri konsentrasi 1000; 500; 250; 125; dan 62,5 µg/disk. Identifikasi senyawa aktif menggunakan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT). Kedua fraksi  uji  mempunyai  aktivitas  antibakteri  terhadap  E. coli dan S. aureus mulai konsentrasi 62,5 µg/disk. Hasil KLT fraksi n-heksan menunjukkan adanya senyawa terpenoid sedangkan fraksi EA mengandung senyawa flavonoid. kata kunci : Fraksi n-heksan dan etil asetat dari ekstrak metanol daun gugur ketapang, E. coli, S. aureus, terpenoid, flavonoid.
EVALUASI IN VITRO-IN VIVO FILM TRANDERMAL DILTIAZEM HCL DENGAN PENINGKAT PENETRASI PEG 400 SEBAGAI ANTIHIPERTENSI Yulias Ninik Windriyati; Risha Fillah Fithria; Fitria Dwi Kurniawati; Ulfa Risalatul Mukaromah
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi & farmasi Klinik Vol 16 No 1 Juni 2019
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (762.531 KB) | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v16i01.2922

Abstract

ABSTRACTDiltiazem HCL is an antihypertensive that low oral bioavailability of 40%, so developed to transdermal preparations. A matrix type of transdermal patch of diltiazem HCl was prepared using polyvinyl alcohol and ethyl cellulose with PEG 400 as penetration enhancer. In vitro-in vivo evaluation were conducted to asses drug permeation through the skin and determine the effectiveness of transdermal film as an antihypertensive drug. Transdermal patches of diltiazem HCl were evaluated for physicochemical characteristics weight variation, thickness, folding endurance, moisture uptake, and drug content. In vitro permeation study was conducted using commercial semi permeable membrane in Franz diffusion cell. In vivo activity study was evaluated on male rat Wistar that induced NaCl with CODA non-invasive blood pressure method. Transdermal patches of diltiazem HCl were found no significant differences in terms of physicochemical characteristics. The in vitro skin permeation profiles showed increased flux values with the increase of PEG 400 as a penetration enhancer. The in vivo evaluation showed a reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure within one hour after the drug administration. Diltiazem HCl was able penetration into skin, absorbed in blood circulation and effective as antihypertensive via transdermal route.Keywords : antihypertension, diltiazem HCl, PEG 400, transdermal patch
PERBEDAAN EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBIOTIK PADA TERAPI DEMAM TIFOID DI PUSKESMAS BANCAK KABUPATEN SEMARANG TAHUN 2014 Risha Fillah Fithria; Kiki Damayanti; Risma Putri Fauziah
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Prosiding Seminar Nasional "Peluang Herbal Sebagai Alternative Medicine"
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (120.006 KB) | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v0i0.1337

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ABSTRACTThere are differences on the use of antibiotics on typhoid fever’s treatment. However, there was a research concluded that there were no differences between the efficacy of antibiotics on typhoid fever's therapy that shown as fever-free time and treatment duration. The purposes of this study are to determine the various antibiotics that used on typhoid fever’s treatment and to compare the efficacy of that antibiotic at Bancak Public Health Center Semarang regency. This study was an analytically survey research, with retrospective data collection from medical records, used purposive sampling method. The research sample was all adult patients’ typhoid fever hospitalization at Bancak Public Health Center Semarang regency. Data of antibiotic’s efficacy in fever-free time and treatment duration were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test. The result showed that the antibiotics used on typhoid fever’s treatment at Bancak Public Health Center Semarang regency were chloramphenicol, amoxicillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ampicillin. Ceftriaxone was an antibiotic that provided the shortest fever's free-time and duration of treatment. However, there was no statistically significant difference between efficacy of that antibiotics at Bancak Public Health Center Semarang regency (p>0.05). Key words : Antibiotics efficacy, typhoid fever’s treatment, fever’s free-time, duration of treatment, Bancak Public Health Center.
AKTIVITAS ANTIDIARE EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN RANDU (Ceiba petandra L. Gaern.) PADA MENCIT JANTAN GALUR Balb/C yance yance; risha fillah fithria; Yulia Ayu Purnamasari; Kusuma Arum Ningsih; Andri Geger Noviantoro; Suharjono Suharjono
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi & Farmasi Klinik Vol.9 No.2 Desember 2012
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (259.098 KB) | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v9i2.860

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ABSTRACTTraditionally, cottonwood's leaves have been used to treat diarrhea. The objective of the study was to investigate antidiarrheal properties of cottonwood’s leaves ethanol extract (EEDR). In addition, this study also wants to reveal the action mechanism of EEDR as antidiarrheal through its activities as antisecretory and antimotility in Balb/C strain male mice. An experimental study performed with randomized matched two-group post test only design approach. EEDR (200-800) mg/kg BW was administered orally to three groups of mice to evaluate the activity of extract as antidiarrheal and antisecretory on castor oil induced diarrhea model in mice. To evaluate the extract as antimotility, EEDR (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0) g/kg BW was provided orally to Balb/C strain male mice. Two other groups received NaCl 0.9 % 20 mL/Kg BW and Loperamide HCl 50 mg/Kg BW. The results showed the EEDR have pharmacological effects as antidiarrhea on Balb/C strain male mice with a mechanism of action as antisecretory and antimotility. The results of this study have been successfully providing the scientific basis of the use of cottonwood’s leaves as antidiarrhea by Indonesian people.Key words : cottonwood’s leaves ethanol extract, castor oil, antidiarrhea, antisecretory
UJI EFEK TONIKUM EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia L.) TERHADAP MENCIT JANTAN GALUR SWISS Risha Fillah Fithria; Kiki Damayanti; Nurul Mustaufiah
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi & Farmasi Klinik Vol 14 No 1 juni 2017
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (144.319 KB) | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v14i1.1765

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INTISARI  Buah mengkudu dipercaya dapat meningkatkan stamina. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan adanya efek tonikum ekstrak etanol buah mengkudu (EEBM) terhadap mencit jantan galur Swiss dan mengidentifikasi adanya senyawa golongan flavonoid yang terkandung dalam ekstrak tersebut. Ekstraksi buah mengkudu dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%.  Uji kandungan senyawa golongan flavonoid dilakukan  dengan  pereaksi  FeCl3  dan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT).  Penelitian  ini  adalah  penelitian  eksperimental  dengan  pretest-posttest matched control group design.  Percobaan  uji  efek  tonikum  dilakukan  menggunakan metode natatory exhaustion. Mencit sebanyak duapuluh lima ekor dibagi menjadi lima kelompok. Mencit kelompok I, II, dan III diberi EEBM (160, 400, dan 800) mg/kgBB. Mencit kelompok IV diberi  kafein 100 mg/kgBB  (kontrol  positif)  dan mencit  kelompok V diberi  CMC-Na 0,5% 25 mL/kgBB (kontrol negatif). Sediaan uji diberikan per oral selama 14 hari. Analisis data dilakukan dengan  cara membandingkan waktu  bertahan  berenang mencit  sebelum  dan  sesudah  perlakuan menggunakan  uji  Wilcoxon  dan  uji  t-berpasangan. Analisis data adanya perbedaan efek antar kelompok perlakuan menggunakan  uji Kruskal-Wallis dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney dengan taraf  kepercayaan 90%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa EEBM dosis 400 mg/kgBB             (p<0,1) dan 800 mg/kgBB (p<0,1) terbukti  mempunyai  efek  tonikum.  Senyawa  golongan flavonoid berhasil ditemukan dalam EEBM. Kata  kunci  :  ekstrak etanol buah mengkudu  (Morinda citrifolia  L.), tonikum,  natatory exhaustion, flavonoid    ABSTRACT Noni fruit is believed can increase stamina. The purpose of this study was to prove the tonic effect of  noni  fruit ethanol extracts  (NFEE) to the male Swiss mice and identify flavonoid compound contained in the extract. Noni fruit extracted by the maceration method in ethanol 70%. Identification of flavonoid compound conducted with FeCl3 reagents and thin layer chromatography (TLC). This research is experimentally with  pretest-posttest matched control group design. The tonic effect assay conducted with natatory exhaustion method. Twenty-five mice divided  into five groups. Mice in group I, II, and III treated with NFEE (160, 400, and 800) mg/kg BW. Mice in group IV treated with caffeine 100 mg/kg BW (positive control) and group V treated with CMC-Na 0.5% 25 ml/kg BW (negative control). The test preparation given for 14 days orally. Data of survival time swam mice before and after treatment analyzed  statistically with Wilcoxon test and paired t-test. Data was analyzed for different effect intergroup treatment with Kruskal-Wallis and then with Mann-Whitney at 90% confidence level.  The result showed that NFEE (400 and 800) mg/kg BW have a tonic effect (p<0,1). Flavonoid compounds have been found in NFEE. Keywords:    ethanol extract of noni fruit (Morindacitrifolia L.), tonic, natatory exhaustion, flavonoid
TOKSISITAS AKUT INFUSA KULIT ARI KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogea L.) PADA MENCIT BALB/ C Risha Fillah Fithria; Ririn Lispita Wulandari; Devi Nisa Hidayati; Lilis Rejeki
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi & Farmasi Klinik Vol 15 No 2 Desember 2018
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (352.109 KB) | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v15i2.2568

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ABSTRACTPeanut shell (PS) infusion has been shown to be antithrombocytopenia, but there has been no research on safety standards. This study aims to identify the symptoms of toxic effects, the potency of toxicity and histopathology of liver male Balb/C mice after a single dose of PS infusion. This research uses randomized matched posttest only control group design. Twenty five mice were divided into 5 orally dosage groups, ie, PS infusion with a dose of 0,026; 0.052; 0.104; 0.208 g/20gBW; and negative control of CMC Na 0.5%. The observation period is for 14 days. The results showed that single dose of PS infusion had a pseudo LD50 value ie > 0.208g/20gBW which was practically non toxic. Symptoms to watch out for the BW infusion were passive behavior, bradycnea, hair color change, hair loss, and weight loss at doses of 3 and 4. It is unclear whether liver damage ie inflammation, necrosis, and albuminous degeneration caused by PS infusion or other causes.keywords: acute toxicity, infusion, peanut shell
AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES FRAKSI n-HEKSAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN LENGLENGAN (Leucas lavandulifolia JE. Smith) PADA TIKUS NEONATAL STZ-INDUCED TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS Yance Anas; Risha Fillah Fithria; Maulita Cut Nuria; Yunita Midkha; Agung Endro Nugroho; Puji Astuti
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Prosiding Seminar Nasional "Perkembangan Terbaru Pemanfaatan Herbal Sebagai Agen Preventif Pada Tera
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (319.035 KB) | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v0i0.1198

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ABSTRAK Dalam penelitian ini, kami melakukan fraksinasi ekstrak etanol daun lenglengan dengan pelarut n-heksan untuk menyederhanakan kandungan zat aktif yang terkandung di dalamnya dan mengevaluasi efek antidiabetesnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek antidiabetes fraksi n-heksan ekstrak etanol daun lenglengan (FHDL) pada tikus neonatal STZ-induced type-2 diabetes mellitus. STZ 90 μg/KgBB diberikan secara i.p pada 35 ekor anak tikus galur Wistar umur 2 hari.  Pada usia 3 bulan, dilakukan pengukuran kadar glukosa pre-prandial dan post-prandial. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus neonatal STZ-induced type-2 diabetes mellitus dikelompokkan ke dalam lima kelompok perlakuan, terdiri dari kelompok kontrol diabetes (CMC-Na 0,5%; 25 mL/KgBB), kelompok glibenklamid 5 mg/KgBB dan tiga kelompok FHDL (62,5; 125 and 250) mg/KgBB. Sediaan uji diberikan selama 28 hari. Kadar glukosa darah pre-prandial dan post-prandial diukur pada hari ke-0, 7, 14 dan 28. FHDL secara signifikan berhasil menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pre-prandial dan post-prandial tikus neonatal STZ-induced type-2 diabetes mellitus (p<0,05). Perlakuan FHDL 62,5 mg/KgBB selama 28 hari memiliki efek antidiabetes yang tinggi, yaitu mampu  menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pre-prandial tikus sebesar 45,99%. Perlakuan FHDL 250 mg/KgBB juga signifikan menurunkan kadar glukosa darah post-prandial tikus (p<0,05) dengan efek antidiabetes pada hari ke-7, 14 dan 28 berturut-turut adalah sebesar 19,28%; 22,68% dan 24,92%. Kata Kunci: Daun Lenglengan, Efek Antidiabetes, Fraksi n-Heksan, Neonatal STZ-induced type-2 diabetes mellitus
ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIACNE ACTIVITY OF n-HEXANE FRACTION OF ALFALFA HERB (Medicago sativa L.) ETHANOL EXTRACT IN VITRO AND ON RABBIT (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Fithria, Risha Fillah; Safitri, Erika Indah; Khasanyzulaikhah, Kharista; Nurazisa, Nurazisa
CENDEKIA EKSAKTA Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/ce.v8i1.8257

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Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) can cause inflammation of the polysebaceous glands and lead to acne. Flavonoids in alfalfa herb are thought to have antibacterial and antiinflammatory properties. Flavonoids can be absorbed into n-hexane solvents. This study aims to determine antibacterial activity of n-hexane fraction of alfalfa herb ethanol extract (nHFAH) against P. acnes in vitro, to calculate the total flavonoid levels in the fraction, and to determine antiacne activity of the fraction on rabbit. This study is an experimental study with post-test control group design. Extraction of alfalfa herb was done by maceration method using 70% ethanol and fractionated with n-hexane. Antibacterial activity test was carried out using disk diffusion with 5 series of concentrations (15%, 20%, 25%, 30% dan 35%), positive control (clindamycin 2 µg/disk) and negative control (DMSO 100%). Diameters of the inhibition area were analyzed statistically using a Kruskal Wallis test followed by Mann Withney test with 95% of confidence level. Rabbit back skin was shaved on 5 different areas (3x3 cm2/area). Induced with 0.2 mL of P. acnes suspension (3x109 CFU/mL) intradermal. Acne formed (24 hours) on all areas, then were treated with T1 (clindamycin 2%), T2 (DMSO 100%), T3 (nHFAH 20%), T4 (nHFAH 25%), T5 (nHFAH 30%). Erythema diameter reduction on day 9 was analyzed using one-way anova, continued by post hoc tukey with 95% of confidence level. Total nHFAH flavonoid levels were tested by colorimetric method using UVVis spectrophotometer at λ 429.5 nm. The results showed that nHFAH has antibacterial activity against P. acnes with an average value of diameter of inhibition area for each concentration were 7.30; 7.49; 7.75; 7.92 and 8.24 mm. nHFAH exhibits antiacne activity with the percentage for each concentration were 67.01%; 77.84% and 85.84% respectively. Total nHFAH flavonoid levels were 6.09 mgQE/ gram.Keywords: Alfafa herb, n-Hexane fraction, Propionibacterium acnes.
Physical Stability and Antihyperpigmentation Activity of Berenuk (Crescentia cujete Linn) Leaves Ethanol Extract in Cream with Variations of Cremophor RH40 as Surfactant Auliasari, Dewi Wulandari; Riyanti, Winanti Adi; Prihantini, Malinda; Shabrina, Ayu; Fithria, Risha Fillah
Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia
Publisher : Program Studi Farmasi Universitas Mandala Waluya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35311/jmpi.v10i1.492

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Indonesia has high exposure to sunlight which can cause skin problems such as hyperpigmentation. Treatment of hyperpigmentation with hydroquinone can cause side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to develop antihyperpigmentation products from natural ingredients to minimize these side effects. Berenuk leaves (Crescentia cujete Linn) have antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 80.21 µg/ml in ethanol extract. This antioxidant compound can be used to treat hyperpigmentation problems. In its use, Berenuk Leaf Ethanol Extract (BLEE) is formulated in a cream dosage form. Cremophor RH40 is a type of nonionic surfactant that can affect the physical stability of cream. This study aims to determine the effect of Cremophor RH40 on the physical stability of cream preparations and their antihyperpigmentation activity. Cream preparations were made with varying concentrations of Cremophor RH40 5% (F1), 10% (F2), 15% (F3). Physical stability evaluation was tested using the cycling test method. Data were analyzed statistically with paired samples t-test. Analysis of antihyperpigmentation test data in the form of the amount of melanin in all test groups was analyzed for differences using Kruskal Wallis and continued with the Mann-Whitney test. BLEE cream’s physical stability test result show that the most stable formula is formula 1 because it is stable up to the 5th cycle. in contrast, formula 2 only goes up to the 3rd cycle, and formula 3 in the first cycle has experienced 2-phase separation. BLEE cream (F1) has antihyperpigmentation activity because it has an average melanin intensity less than the negative and positive controls.