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Indonesia's geopolitics in connectivity strategy in the implementation of masterplan on asean connectivity 2025 (mpac 2025) Minasari, Arofah; Humaira, Ayesa Nazhifah; Septianti, Annisaa Dwi; Larasati, Vercelli Gipsy
Jurnal Pendidikan PKN (Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan) Vol 6, No 2 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jppkn.v6i2.94167

Abstract

The Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity 2025 (MPAC 2025) offers ASEAN member states a framework to enhance regional integration via infrastructure, digital innovation, and institutional collaboration. This framework enables Indonesia to leverage connectivity as a geopolitical tool instead of being a passive participant in regional initiatives. This study analyzes Indonesia's utilization of its connectivity agenda to influence ASEAN norms and enhance its regional position, employing geopolitical theory, specifically Rimland Theory, and the notion of soft balancing to assess how geography and infrastructure collaboration bolster strategic autonomy in the context of competition among major powers, including China, Japan, and the United States. The results emphasize initiatives like the Sea Toll Road, the enhancement of Sorong Port, and infrastructure cooperation with ADB and JICA, which not only strengthen domestic integration but also position Indonesia as a norm entrepreneur within ASEAN's regional framework. Indonesia"™s connectivity strategy signifies a transformation in its geopolitical stance, wherein connectivity transcends mere developmental objectives to become a platform for strategic diplomacy in the Indo-Pacific, illustrating Indonesia"™s evolution from an object to a subject in regional geopolitics
Trump-Era Visa Policies and the Transformation of US Education Diplomacy: Implications for Islamic Education and Global Geopolitics Arofah Minasari; Dewi Wardah Mazidatur Rohmah; Afrizal Fajri
Nadwa: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Vol. 19 No. 2 (2025): Nadwa: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam
Publisher : Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/nw.2025.19.2.28120

Abstract

This study examines the impact of President Donald Trump’s visa policies on shifts in US education diplomacy within the context of global geopolitics, with particular attention to their implications for international students from Muslim-majority countries and Islamic education networks. Restrictive measures during his administration, including limitations on F-1 and J-1 visas and travel bans targeting several Muslim-majority states, led to a notable decline in international student mobility and weakened the United States’ position as a leading global education destination. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and desk study method, this research is supported by individual-level foreign policy theory and education diplomacy theory. The analysis explores how Trump’s perceptions and leadership style shaped policies affecting higher education, including Islamic education-oriented exchanges and collaborations. It also highlights responses from competing countries such as Canada, Australia, and China, which expanded inclusive education policies and strengthened engagement with Islamic and Global South students. The findings show that these visa policies reduced US soft power and created opportunities for other states to lead in global education diplomacy, underscoring the need for more inclusive policy reforms.