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Sumono Sumono
Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Engineering

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KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA TANAH PADA AREAL TANAMAN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis) YANG SUDAH TIDAK PRODUKTIF DI PTP NUSANTARA III RAMBUTAN (The Study of Soil Physical Properties in Unproductive Rubber Plantations (Hevea brasiliensis) of PTP Nusantara III Ramb Hasanul Basri Siregar; Sumono Sumono; Delima Lailan Sari Nasution
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 6, No 3 (2018): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Soil physical properties is an important factor for plant growth. The research was aimed to examine the soil physical properties of unproductive rubber plantations (Hevea brasiliensis) at PTP. Nusantara III Rambutan. The research used survey and soil analysis methods and conducted at The Research and Technology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra and Research Center Laboratory of palm oil research centre in Medan. The parameters observed were soil texture, organic matter, porosity, depth of soil effectiveness, soil permeability and water availabilety. The results showed that the type of the soil on Afd.5 PTP. Nusantara III Rambutan was Inceptisol, with textured sandy loam, the content of organic materials at a depth of 5 cm was ranged from 0,84 % - 1,67 % and at a depth  of 25 cm was ranged from 0,40 % - 0,93 %, porosity of soil at a depth of 5 cm was ranged from 46,33 % - 48,00 % and at a depth  of 25 cm was ranged from 46,00 % - 46,66 % with effective depth of soil in ferns, grass and taros were 54 cm, 58 cm and 57 cm, respectively soil permeability at a depth of 5 cm was ranged from 6.17 cm/hr – 17.85 cm/hr and at a depth 25 cm was range from 0.35 cm/hr – 0.83 cm/hr, the amount of water available for vegetated fields of grasses, grasses and taros were 7,00%, 5.96% and 9.21%. Respectively poor soil physical properties in the area Afd. 5 PTP Nusantara III Rambutan was categorized. Keywords: Inceptisol, Soil Physics, Rubber, Unproductive. ABSTRAK   Sifat fisika tanah merupakan faktor penting bagi pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sifat fisika tanah pada areal tanaman karet   (Hevea brasiliensis)  yang sudah tidak produktif di kebun PTP. Nusantara III Rambutan. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dan analisa tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Riset dan Teknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara dan Laboratorium Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Medan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tekstur tanah, bahan organik,  porositas,  kedalaman efektif tanah, permeabilitas tanah dan air tersedia.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis tanah pada lahan Afd. 5 PTP. Nusantara III Rambutan adalah Inceptisol, bertekstur lempung berpasir, kandungan bahan organik pada kedalaman 5 cm berkisar antara 0,84 % - 1,67 % dan pada kedalaman 25 cm berkisar antara 0,40 % - 0,93 %. Porositas tanah pada kedalaman 5 cm berkisar antara 46,33 % - 48,00 % dan pada kedalaman 25 cm berkisar antara 46,00 % - 46,66 %, kedalaman efektif tanah pada pakis, rumput dan keladi yaitu 54 cm, 58 cm dan 57 cm,  permeabilitas tanah pada kedalaman 5 cm berkisar antara 6,17 cm/jam - 17,85 cm/jam dan pada kedalaman 25 berkisar antara 0,35 cm/jam – 0,83 cm/jam, Jumlah air tersedia untuk lahan bervegetasi pakis, rumput dan keladi yaitu  7,00 %;  5,96 % dan 9,21 %. Sifat fisika tanah pada areal Afd. 5 PTP Nusantara III Rambutan dikategorikan kurang baik.   Kata Kunci: Fisika Tanah, Inceptisol, Karet, Tidak Produktif.
EVALUASI KINERJA IRIGASI TETES DI TANAH LATOSOL PADA PRENURSERY TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq. ) (Evaluation of Drip Irrigation Performance in Latosol Soil on Prenursery of Oil Palm Plant (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)) Sahat Marito Marbun; Sumono Sumono; Nazif Ichwan
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 6, No 3 (2018): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Abstract

ABSTRACT   Drip irrigation system is the process of giving water around the root of the plant by dripping through the emitter. This study was aimed to determine the performance of drip irrigation in early seeding of oil palm crops and vegetative growth of oil palm seedlings. Parameters analyzed were texture, organic matter, porosity, moisture capacity, evapotranspiration, water usage uniformity, water use efficiency, adequacy of irrigation water, and wet and dry weight of oil palm seedlings.The results of this research were sandy clay sandstones texture, organic material was 2,41% (low criterion), porosity was 69,45% (porous criterion), water field capacity was 42,54%, evapotranspiration was 0,63 mm / day, uniformity of water usage was 95 70%, water efficiency was 99,34%, water adequacy was 2,093 l / day, wet weight was 56,97 g / plant, dry weight was 15,62 g / plant, and water content of plant was 72,69%. Keywords: Drip Irrigation, Prenursery, Oil Palm, Latosol Soil, Irrigation Performance. ABSTRAK Sistem irigasi tetes adalah proses pemberian air di sekitar daerah perakaran tanaman dengan cara meneteskan melalui emitter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja irigasi tetes pada pembibitan awal tanaman kelapa sawit dan pertumbuhan vegetatif bibit kelapa sawit. Parameter yang dianalisis adalah tekstur, bahan organik, porositas, kadar air kapasitas lapang, evapotranspirasi, keseragaman pemakaian air, efisiensi pemakaian air, kecukupan air irigasi, dan bobot basah dan kering bibit kelapa sawit. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh tekstur tanah lempung liat berpasir, bahan organik 2,41% termasuk kriteria rendah, porositas 69,45% termasuk kriteria porous, kadar air kapasitas lapang 42,54%, evapotranspirasi 0,63 mm/hari, keseragaman pemakaian air 95,70 %, efisiensi pemakaian air 99,34%, kecukupan air irigasi 2,093 l/hari, bobot basah 56,97 g/tanaman, bobot kering 15,62 g/tanaman, dan kadar air tanaman 72,69%. Kata kunci: Irigasi Tetes, Prenursery, Kelapa Sawit, Tanah Latosol, Kinerja Irigasi.  
NILAI KADAR AIR KAPASITAS LAPANG BERDASARKAN METODE DRAINASE BEBAS DAN PRESSURE PLATE PADA BERBAGAI JENIS TANAH BERTEKSTUR LEMPUNG BERPASIR BERTANAMAN PAKCOY (Brassica rapa L.) (Levels of Field Capacity by Free Drainage Elvita Fitri; Sumono Sumono
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 6, No 4 (2018): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Abstract

ABSTRACT   Plant’s growth is affected by field capacity that depends on texture and organic matter of the soil. The objective of this research was to study the levels of field capacity at sandy loam entisol and inceptisol with 24 and 48 hours free drainage and pressure plate (pF) methods and the response of pakcoy’s growth. Research was held on greenhouse scale using a completely non factorial randomized design. The observed parameters were organic matter, N, P, pH, porosity, evapotranspiration, wet weight and dry weight of  pakcoy.The results showed that both soil had acidic with organic matter and N which were classified as very low, while P at entisol was very high and at inceptisol was very low. Porosity at entisol was low (40-50%) and at inceptisol was bad (30-40%). Evapotranspiration at entisol was higher than inceptisol. pF method at entisol and inceptisol showed higher results and significantly different than the 24 and 48 hours free drainage. Pakcoy’s wet weight was ranged from 4-17/plant and dry weight was ranged from 0.20-1.08 g/plant. Keywords : Field Capacity, Free Drainage, Pakcoy, Pressure Plate, Soil Types ABSTRAK   Pertumbuhan tanaman dipengaruhi oleh kapasitas lapang yang bergantung pada tekstur dan bahan organik tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui nilai kadar air kapasitas lapang pada tanah entisol dan inceptisol bertekstur lempung berpasir menggunakan metode drainase bebas (DB) 24 jam, 48 jam, dan pressure plate (pF) dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman pakcoy. Penelitian dalam skala rumah kaca menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap non faktorial. Parameter yang diamati meliputi bahan organik, N-total, P-tersedia, pH, porositas, evapotranspirasi, bobot basah dan bobot kering tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua jenis tanah tergolong asam dengan kandungan bahan organik dan N sangat rendah, sedangkan kadar P pada entisol sangat tinggi dan pada inceptisol sangat rendah. Porositas pada entisol kurang baik (40-50%) dan pada inceptisol buruk (30-40%). Evapotranspirasi pada entisol lebih besar dari inceptisol. Penentuan kadar air kapasitas lapang dengan metode pF pada tanah entisol dan inceptisol menunjukkan hasil bobot tanaman pakcoy yang tertinggi dan berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan metode DB 24 jam dan DB 48 jam. Bobot basah berkisar 4-17 g/tanaman dan bobot kering berkisar 0,20-1,08 g/tanaman.   Kata Kunci: Drainase Bebas, Jenis TanahKapasitas Lapang, , Pakcoy, Pressure Plate
PENGARUH VARIASI UKURAN TABUNG UDARA TERHADAP KINERJA POMPA HIDRAM (The Effect of Various Air Tube Dimensions on Hidram Pump’s Performance ) Zulfahri Yudha Duana; Sumono Sumono; Riswanti Sigalingging
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 6, No 4 (2018): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Hidram Pump is one kind of pump that needed no electrical energy as it exploits air pressure and the water pressure as it is power booster, so Hidram pump is one of water pump that is not using fuel and relatively cheap. This reseach measured rate of flow, coefficient and efficiency of pump. The aim of this reseach was to know the influence of variation of dimensions of air tube with the same volume (2494.64 cm)3; the various high were 54.67, 19.68  and 10.04 inches, and the diameter was 3, 5, and 7 inches on water rate of flow resulted. The results show that air pump measurement with the same volume on different diameter and high was no significant effort the  pump performance. The rate of flow input was 1.176 1/s. The output for 3 inch tube was 0.330 1/s, for the 5 inch diameter was 0.336 1/s, and 7 inch diameter was 0.338 1/s. The coefficient of rate of flow obtained was 0.497 for the tube diameter 3 inch, 0.504 for the diameter 5 inch, and 0.498 for the diameter 7 inch. The highest efficiency for found in air tube by the meter of 7 inch as big as 28.74% and the value of efficiency dispute was  just 0.17%. Keywords: Hidram pump, hidram pump efficient, rate of flow coefficient ABSTRAK Pompa hidram merupakan salah satu jenis pompa yang tidak membutuhkan energi listrik karena memanfaatkan tekanan udara dan tekanan air itu sendiri sebagai tenaga penggeraknya, sehingga pompa hidram salah satu pompa air yang tidak menggunakan BBM dan relatif murah. Dalam penelitian ini akan diukur debit aliran, koefisien dan efisiensi pompa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh variasi ukuran tabung udara dengan volume sama yaitu 2494,64cm3; tinggi tabung berbeda yaitu 54,67 inci, 19,68 inci, dan 10,04 inci, dan diameter berbeda yaitu 3 inci, 5 inci, dan 7 inci terhadap debit air yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi tabung udara dengan volume sama pada diameter dan tinggi berbeda tidak memberikan pengaruh nilai yang nyata terhadap kinerja pompa hidram. Debit input yang didapat yaitu sebesar 1,176 l/s, nilai debit output untuk diameter tabung 3 inci 0,3330 l/s, diameter 5 inci 0,336 l/s, dan diameter 7 inci 0,338 l/s. Nilai koefisien debit yang didapat yaitu untuk diameter tabung 3 inci 0,497, diameter 5 inci 0,504, dan diameter 7 inci 0,498. Dan efisiensi tertinggi terdapat pada tabung udara berdiameter 7 inci yaitu sebesar 28,74% dan selisih nilai efisiensi setiap perlakuan hanya 0,17%.   Kata Kunci: Pompa hidram, efesiensi pompa hidram, koefisien debit
Karakteristik Lokasi dan Pola Resapan: Data, Analisis dan Respon Ichwana Ichwana; Sumono Sumono; Delvian Delvian
Rona Teknik Pertanian Vol 5, No 2 (2012): Volume 5, No. 2, Oktober 2012
Publisher : Department of Agricultural Engineering, Syiah Kuala University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17969/rtp.v5i2.232

Abstract

Characteristics of the Location and Recharge Pattern: Data, Analysis and ResponseABSTRACT. Infiltration as a movement of water could determine a large amount of water which could move over the soil surface to the river, and the water that went into the ground. The information of water infiltration in watershed was required to make decision about sustainable water resources. On the other hand, the infiltration was dynamic, that was why it was interesting to be analyzed. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in volume that occurred in the watershed catchment of Krueng Peusangan. Having viewed the differences and similarities location against variabel temperature, evapotranspiration, moisture, discharge, rainfall for the fivepoint, watershed locations of Krueng Peusangan using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Based on PCA, the location was selected to analyze the volume of leach discharge measured during 2008-2011 in Wih Nareh and Kr. Teumbo. Absorption volume indicated that occurred instable infiltration at Kr. Teumbo. It needed guidelines for land use arrangement and forest function, especially in the recharge area. So, it could maintain the balance of hydrological cycle, groundwater quantity and quality properly.  
Co-Authors Abd Musowwir Achwil Putra Munir Ade Rina Manik Adian Rindang Ainun Rohana Ainun Rohanah Andrean Hendratmo Hutabarat Darwana Darwana Delvian Delvian Dinda Puspa Sari Elvita Fitri Haris Nawarisa Hasanul Basri Siregar Hotlin Dermawati Apriani Ichwana Ichwana Lukman Adlin Harahap Lukman Adlin Harahap Muhammad Satria Sebayang Nasution, Delima Lailan Sari Nazif Ichwan Nazif Ichwan Nazif Ichwan Nazif Ichwan Noviyana Tanjung Odie Prastomo Pretty Luci LR Rian Hidayat Lubis Rifki Iqromi Purba Riswanti Sigalingging Riswanti Sigalinggling Sahat Marito Marbun Saipul Bahri Daulay Sandi Wiliamsyah Sarip Muda Siregar Sartono Hasugian Siti Aisyah Ritonga Sulastri Panggabean Ughi Murphy Harahap Vikri Novandi Akbar Yunidar Nasution Zulfahri Yudha Duana