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ORC Performance Study with R32 and R134a Using Biomass as an Energy Source Lalu Muh Fathul Aziz Al Azhari; Muhamad Yulianto; Edy Hartulistiyoso
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 14, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i1.118-129

The use of fossil energy as the main source of primary energy reached 84.7%, with electricity consumption in Indonesia of 1,173 kWh/capita, dominated by fossil fuels (67.21%). The decline in fossil energy reserves requires the development of alternative technologies such as the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) that can operate at low to medium temperatures (60°C-200°C). This research was carried out in 2 ways, experiment, and simulation. Experiments were carried out to determine the temperature that can be generated in the evaporator of ORC from the flue gas flow from burning biomass. Simulations were carried out to evaluate the performance of the ORC cycle with working fluids R32 and R134a and the contribution of CO2 to the environment using the LCCP (Life Cycle Climate Performance) method. The analysis involves measuring the outlet temperature of the evaporator. The research results show that the validation for predicting the output temperature of the ORC evaporator is very good with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value of <10%. Simulation results show that in this study, R32 performed better than R134a, with a net power of 0.13 kW at a temperature of 86.83℃. LCCP analysis results show that R32 has lower direct emissions than R134a, with better LCCP values. Keywords: LCCP, Organic rankine cycle, R134a, R32, Simulation, Work output.

Skenario Pengelolaan Sampah di TPA Bantargebang dengan Menggunakan Visual Promethee Resmianty, Teti; Fauzy, Anas Miftah; Hartulistiyoso, Edy; Pertiwi, Setyo
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 23, No 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.23.1.239-246

Pengelolaan Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) di Indonesia masih mengandalkan pendekatan end of pipe yakni menyelesaikan masalah sampah dengan menerapkan landfill di TPA. Keberadaan TPA menimbulkan masalah lingkungan seperti pemanasan global, pengasaman air dan tanah, degradasi kualitas ekosistem dan polusi air permukaan dan air tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan solusi terbaik yang dapat diterapkan sebagai upaya pengelolaan sampah pada TPA Bantargebang. Solusi terbaik didapatkan dengan penerapan pengelolaan TPA yang mampu memberikan manfaat secara ekologi, ekonomi maupun sosial. Hasil olah data dengan perangkat lunak Visual Promethee didapatkan solusi terbaik yang dapat diterapkan untuk upaya pengelolaan sampah pada TPA Bantargebang yaitu pada pilihan pengelolaan sampah dengan menerapkan pemanfaatan sampah fresh waste dan landfill mining menjadi RDF untuk yang dikerjasamkan kepada offtaker. Metode visual promethee ini dipilih karena promethee memiliki konsep dan aplikasi yang sederhana, penggunaan yang fleksibel, kestabilan hasil, dan interpretasi yang mudah. Visual promethee mengandalkan matriks keputusan yang berisi opsi atau alternatif beserta kriteria keberlanjutan yang mencakup aspek ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Matriks yang disusun dari pemilihan alternatif dan kriteria dapat diperoleh melalui pengunaan data ordinal (kualitatif) dan kardinal (kuantitatif). Dari hasil analisis menggunakan visual promethee dapat diketahui bahwa kegiatan pengelolaan TPA dengan cara pengolahan sampah menjadi RDF dapat memberikan dampak manfaat ekonomi yang paling tinggi dibanding tipe lainnya, walaupun alternatif kebijakan ini membutuhkan biaya pembangunan paling besar namun banyak dari aspek lain yang lebih menguntungkan.

Theoretical Study of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Effectiveness on Batch Drying of Sawdust Utilizing Waste Heat from Organic Rankine Cycle Yahdi, M. Arief; Hartulistiyoso, Edy; Yulianto, Muhamad
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 14, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i1.71-82

Steam power plant has flue gas that are generally discharged into environment. The exhaust gases from internal combustion contain thermal energy that can be utilized for drying processes, which can enhance the energy efficiency of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system. This research focuses on the use of waste heat for drying applications through heat exchangers. The objective of this work is to study the performance of shell-and-tube type heat exchanger in utilizing waste heat from an ORC system for drying applications. Experimental data was obtained by varying the air velocity of the dryer to validate the numerical simulations. The results showed that increasing air velocity in the heat exchanger caused a decrease in heat exchanger outlet temperature, water vapor mass, and heat exchanger effectiveness. The decrease in these parameters reduces heat transfer required for drying, so water mass rate of material decreases and drying time gets longer. Validation of simulation and experiment data for outlet heat exchanger temperature was determined by MAPE value of less than 20% which means good prediction model. Keywords: Air velocity, Drying, Effectiveness heat exchanger, Exhaust gas, Heat exchanger.

Design and Testing of Stream as a Sterilization Tool for Trichoderma sp. Propagation Media Using a Palm Oil Mill Steam Boiler Fajri, Ihsanul; Hartulistiyoso, Edy; Widyastuti, Rahayu
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 14, No 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i2.570-581

Trichoderma sp. is a fungus used in oil palm plantations to control basal stem rot disease, which can reduce palm oil production by up to 80%. At PT. Bumitama Gunajaya Agro, the production of this fungus uses an autoclave, which can only produce 51 kg of Trichoderma sp. per day per unit. To meet the high demand for Trichoderma sp., a large-capacity sterilization tool called "stream" is needed for mass production. The optimal performance of the Stream shows that effective sterilization can be achieved in 20 min when the tool is operated for 45 min. The effectiveness of this sterilization time is proven by the Total Plate Count (TPC) test, which shows a bacterial count of 109×103 CFU/g and a fungal count of 35 CFU/g. The Trichoderma sp. product produced through this process has a conidium density of 8×108, 100% conidium viability, and an inhibition power of 54%, all of which exceed the standard values of SNI 8027.3:2014. Based on its production capacity, Stream can achieve production of up to 1 ton per day with quality not significantly different from Trichoderma sp. production using an autoclave. Keywords: Autoclave, Basal stem rot disease, Sterilization, TPC, Trichoderma sp.

Characteristics of Palm Oil Biodiesel Produced with a Static Mixing Reactor Inge Scorpi Tulliza; Edy Hartulistiyoso; Dadan Kusdiana; Armansyah Halomoan Tambunan
International Journal of Oil Palm Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): May 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Oil Palm Society /IOPS (Masyarakat Perkelapa-sawitan Indonesia /MAKSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Current industrial production of biodiesel uses the batch system with a mechanical stirrer to overcome the immiscibility nature of triglycerides and methanol with the help of potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a catalyst. Utilization of a static mixer gives a more rigorous stirring process and could be expected to reduce the catalyst requirement. The objective of this experiment is to investigate the performance of a static mixing reactor for continuous biodiesel production from palm oil feedstock, and to characterize its main properties, such as density and viscosity, as required for fuel grade. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory scale continuous static mixing reactor using palm olein as feedstock. The oil to methanol molar ratio was 1:6 and KOH with concentration 0.3% and 0.5% as catalyst. The reaction temperature was 53 °C and 63 °C. The reaction products were analyzed using the Gas Chromatograph (GC) and the composition of 41.15% methyl oleate, 36.55% methyl palmitate, 9.45% methyl linoleate, and 4.05% methyl stearate as the main products were found. The viscosity and density of the mixed fatty acid methyl ester at the outlet of the static mixing reactor was found to be 4.99 mm2 s-1 and 851.66 kg m3 -1, respectively. The study showed that the number of modules used in the static mixing reactor can enhance the mixing rigorousness and reduce the requirement of a catalyst. The increase in the module numbers can be expected to increase the reaction conversion to the necessary level.

Life Cycle Assessment of Organic Waste Pellet for Sustainable Energy Production in IPB University Campus Mulyani, Sri; Hartulistiyoso, Edy; Supriyanto, Supriyanto
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 14 No. 4 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtepl.v14i4.1335-1348

The growing population and improving living standards are resulting in higher demand for energy and materials. Renewable energy addresses this challenge while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Organic waste has significant potential to be converted into pellet-based renewable energy, but sustainable production is essential to minimize environmental impact. This study aims to evaluate the environmental impact using a life cycle assessment with 5 categories, namely Global Warming Potential (GWP), Stratospheric Ozone Depletion (SOD), Terrestrial Acidification (TAC), Freshwater Eutrophication (FEU), and Human Carcinogenic Toxicity (HCT) for each pellet. The results of twig and leaf pellets were, respectively, GWP of 3.05 kg CO2-eq and 0.54 kg CO2-eq; SOD of 1.6×10–6 kg CFC11 eq and 1.35×10–7 kg CFC11-eq; TAC of 0.0131 kg SO2-eq and 0.0018 kg SO2-eq; FEU of 0.0059 kg P-eq and 0.0006; HCT 0.538 kg 1.4-DCB-eq and 0.0130 kg 1.4-DCB-eq. Based on the result, the production of twig pellets has a higher environmental impact than that of leaf pellets. However, when compared to conventional fuels, the impact caused by twig pellets is still within acceptable limits and is comparatively lower.

Performance profile of Cold Storage Using R32 as Refrigerant for Traditional Fishing Boat with Photovoltaic as Energi Source Suhengki, Suhengki; Manik, Henry Munandar; Hartulistiyoso, Edy; Sumantri, Willi; Yulianto, Muhamad
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.012.2.184-203

This paper discusses the performance of cold storage using R32 refrigerant. R32 is one of the recommended refrigerant with the main advantage low ODP and GWP (Global Warming Potential) value of around 0 and 675. However, because of this refrigerant classified as a new refrigerant, the implementation is limited to air conditioning and heat pump. In this paper, R32 will be tested for cold storage applications. The cold storage performance will be studied about the achieved temperature, power consumption, cooling capacity and Coefficient of Performance without load. The testing was carried out in 2 ways, cold storage testing on a lab scale and direct testing on a 5 GT fishing boat. The performance results show that both tests on a lab scale and tests directly on a fishing boat without a load can reach a cold storage room temperature of -18oC. Meanwhile, the compressor power consumption supplied by photovoltaic is 0.653-0.776 kW. Based on the test results, shows that R32 has a positive possibility of being applied to cold storage.

Theoretical Study of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Effectiveness on Batch Drying of Sawdust Utilizing Waste Heat from Organic Rankine Cycle Yahdi, M. Arief; Hartulistiyoso, Edy; Yulianto, Muhamad
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i1.71-82

Steam power plant has flue gas that are generally discharged into environment. The exhaust gases from internal combustion contain thermal energy that can be utilized for drying processes, which can enhance the energy efficiency of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system. This research focuses on the use of waste heat for drying applications through heat exchangers. The objective of this work is to study the performance of shell-and-tube type heat exchanger in utilizing waste heat from an ORC system for drying applications. Experimental data was obtained by varying the air velocity of the dryer to validate the numerical simulations. The results showed that increasing air velocity in the heat exchanger caused a decrease in heat exchanger outlet temperature, water vapor mass, and heat exchanger effectiveness. The decrease in these parameters reduces heat transfer required for drying, so water mass rate of material decreases and drying time gets longer. Validation of simulation and experiment data for outlet heat exchanger temperature was determined by MAPE value of less than 20% which means good prediction model. Keywords: Air velocity, Drying, Effectiveness heat exchanger, Exhaust gas, Heat exchanger.

ORC Performance Study with R32 and R134a Using Biomass as an Energy Source Al Azhari, Lalu Muh Fathul Aziz; Yulianto, Muhamad; Hartulistiyoso, Edy
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i1.118-129

The use of fossil energy as the main source of primary energy reached 84.7%, with electricity consumption in Indonesia of 1,173 kWh/capita, dominated by fossil fuels (67.21%). The decline in fossil energy reserves requires the development of alternative technologies such as the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) that can operate at low to medium temperatures (60°C-200°C). This research was carried out in 2 ways, experiment, and simulation. Experiments were carried out to determine the temperature that can be generated in the evaporator of ORC from the flue gas flow from burning biomass. Simulations were carried out to evaluate the performance of the ORC cycle with working fluids R32 and R134a and the contribution of CO2 to the environment using the LCCP (Life Cycle Climate Performance) method. The analysis involves measuring the outlet temperature of the evaporator. The research results show that the validation for predicting the output temperature of the ORC evaporator is very good with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value of <10%. Simulation results show that in this study, R32 performed better than R134a, with a net power of 0.13 kW at a temperature of 86.83℃. LCCP analysis results show that R32 has lower direct emissions than R134a, with better LCCP values. Keywords: LCCP, Organic rankine cycle, R134a, R32, Simulation, Work output.

Design and Testing of Stream as a Sterilization Tool for Trichoderma sp. Propagation Media Using a Palm Oil Mill Steam Boiler Fajri, Ihsanul; Hartulistiyoso, Edy; Widyastuti, Rahayu
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i2.570-581

Trichoderma sp. is a fungus used in oil palm plantations to control basal stem rot disease, which can reduce palm oil production by up to 80%. At PT. Bumitama Gunajaya Agro, the production of this fungus uses an autoclave, which can only produce 51 kg of Trichoderma sp. per day per unit. To meet the high demand for Trichoderma sp., a large-capacity sterilization tool called "stream" is needed for mass production. The optimal performance of the Stream shows that effective sterilization can be achieved in 20 min when the tool is operated for 45 min. The effectiveness of this sterilization time is proven by the Total Plate Count (TPC) test, which shows a bacterial count of 109×103 CFU/g and a fungal count of 35 CFU/g. The Trichoderma sp. product produced through this process has a conidium density of 8×108, 100% conidium viability, and an inhibition power of 54%, all of which exceed the standard values of SNI 8027.3:2014. Based on its production capacity, Stream can achieve production of up to 1 ton per day with quality not significantly different from Trichoderma sp. production using an autoclave. Keywords: Autoclave, Basal stem rot disease, Sterilization, TPC, Trichoderma sp.

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