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All Journal e-Journal Pustaka Kesehatan Jurnal Pengembangan Pendidikan Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology STOMATOGNATIC- Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia Journal of Agropharmacy
Eka Deddy Irawan
Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Jember
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Education Health Professions Library & Information Science Medicine & Pharmacology

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Journal : e-Journal Pustaka Kesehatan

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Optimasi dan Formulasi Tablet Mengapung - Mucoadhesive Glimepirid dengan Kombinasi Polimer Karbopol dan HPMC K4M (Optimization and Formulation Floating - Mucoadhesive Glimepiride Tablet with Combination Carbopol and HPMC K4M) Hery Diar Febryanto; Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala Sari; Eka Deddy Irawan
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 2 No 3 (2014)
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Glimepiride is one of the preferred drug for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. Diabetes can affect gastric emptying time. Incomplete absorption of drugs often result in small bioavailability. Glimepiride was chosen as model drug because it has incomplete absorbtion due to less gastric residence time. Tablet make by direct compression using polymer carbopol, HPMC K4M and other additives. This study used factorial design. Factors that are optimazed are carbopol and HPMC K4M and responses used are floating lag time, floating duration time, mucoadhesive, dan DE 720. tablet were evaluated for invitro release characteristic for 12 hours. Area optimum obtained on the composition of the combination of Carbopol 69.20 to 70.60 mg and HPMC K4M 10.66 to 24.67 mg.   Keywords: glimepiride, floating mucoadhesive tablet, release kinetics, carbopol, HPMC K4M
Optimasi Sodium Starch Glycolate dan Crospovidone sebagai Superdisintegran dalam Sediaan Orally Disintegrating Tablet Meloksikam (Optimization of Sodium Starch Glycolate and Crospovidone as Superdisintegrant in Orally Disintegrating Meloxicam Tablet Dosag Eunike Aprilianio; Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala Sari; Eka Deddy Irawan
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 5 No 3 (2017)
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/pk.v5i3.5889

Abstract

Meloxicam is the second class of biopharmaceutical classification system that its solubility needs to be improved. Therefore, in this study solid dispersion of meloxicam were prepared using PEG 6000. Meloxicam is used to treat osteoarthritis that particularly experienced by geriatric patients. Geriatric patients have a difficulty to swallow conventional capsule or tablet, but orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) overcome this difficulty. The basic of ODT formulation is the use of superdisintegrant, like sodium starch glycolate (SSG) and crospovidone. The aim of this study was to find out the combination of superdisintegrant that shows optimum fomulation. The effect of superdisintegrant and their combination on hardness, friability, disintegration time and percentage of drugs released in 30 minutes (T30) also investigated. The design of formula used the simplex latice design with two component mixture: SSG and crospovidone. Results showed that the combination affected not significantly on disintegration time and friability of ODT, but they could improve hardness and T30. The optimum formula found at combination of 0 mg SSG and 8 mg crospovidone in 200 mg tablet. Keywords: meloxicam, sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone, ODT, simplex lattice design
Optimasi Konsentrasi Span 80 dan Lama Pengadukan dalam Preparasi Microspheres Metformin Hidroklorida-kitosan (Optimization of Span 80 Concentration and Stiring Time on The Preparation of Metformin Hydrochloride-Chitosan Microspheres ) Christyn Novita S; Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala Sari; Eka Deddy Irawan
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 6 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/pk.v6i1.6614

Abstract

Metformin hydrochloride (MH) has been used as first line for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment. However, it has relatively low bioavailability, short half-life and could cause gastrointestinal side effects, therefore it is appropriately prepared as microspheres. Microspheres is micro particle which is between 1-1,000 µm in size. Many factors affected the result of microspheres preparation, such as surfactant concentration and stirring time. This research was aimed to find the best composition of span 80 concentration and stirring time to produce MH-chitosan (CH) microspheres with the highest entrapment efficiency (EE) using factorial design optimization. MH was used as active substance, CH as polymer, span 80 as surfactant and non-aqueous solvent evaporation method was chosen for microspheres preparation technique. The optimized formula 2 % span 80 and 2 hours stirring time gained 86.803 ± 0.544 % EE, 24.571 ± 0.157 % drug loading, and 88.220 ± 0.137 % yield. The microspheres had a relatively smooth, bright surface, and spherical structure. The average particle’s size was 161.2 ± 1.743 μm. FTIR analysis indicated that there were no changes in the spesific functional clusters of MH as an active substance. Keywords: metfomin-hydrocloride-chitosan microspheres, non-aquoeous solvent evaporation, factorial design, span 80 concentration, stirring time.
Optimasi Kecepatan dan Lama Pengadukan dalam Preparasi Microspheres Metformin Hidroklorida Menggunakan Polimer Etil Selulosa (Optimization of Stirring Speed and Time on Preparation of Metformin Hydrochloride Microspheres Using Ethyl Cellulose Polymer) Amalia Fadila; Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala Sari; Eka Deddy Irawan
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 4 No 3 (2016)
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Metformin hydrochloride (MH) is a first line therapy in the treatment of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. However, MH has a very short half-life, relatively low bioavailability, and gastrointestinal adverse effects. Controlled released formulations can overcome this problem by increasing gastro retention time (GRT). Drug delivery systems aimed at improving GRT can be designed in a single units (eg, tablets) and multiple unit (eg, microspheres). Stirring speed and time affect several aspects such as shape, size, and particle size distribution, the release rate, and entrapment efficiency (EE) of the microspheres.. This research was aimed to find the stirring speed and time to produce MH microspheres having high EE. The result showed that the microspheres stirred at 1,000 rpm for 2 hours produced the highest EE, 84.792 ± 0.975 %; had the drug loading of 12.067 ± 0.0649 %; and yield of 99.44 ± 0.123 % with the particle size 157.5 ± 1.007 μm, has the spheres shape and a relatively smooth and bright surface morphology. FTIR analysis results indicated that there were no changes in the functional groups on MH as an active ingredient. Keywords: metformin hydrochloride-ethyl cellulose microspheres, non-aquoeous solvent evaporation, stirring speed, stirring time, factorial design
Optimasi Formula Tablet Effervescent Dispersi Padat Meloksikam Menggunakan Desain Faktorial Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala Sari; Tiara Berlianti; Eka Deddy Irawan
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 6 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/pk.v6i2.7571

Abstract

An effervescent tablet of meloxicam solid dispersion has been developed for geriatric patients who have difficulty swallowing. The objective of this research was to know the optimum concentration of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate which produce the best effervescent tablet. A 2² factorial design was applied to investigate the effect of two factors: concentration of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate (effervescent materials) on hardness, dissolve time, and %drug released t30. Citric acid (6-18 mg) was used as acid source and sodium bicarbonate (18-105 mg) was used as base source. Software Design Expert trial version 10.0.5. was used to determine the optimum formula. The result showed that all formula satisfied the limit of hardness 2-4 kg/cm2 and friability <1%, but only formula (1), b, and ab that satisfied the limit of dissolve time <300 sec and %drug release t30 >70%. Formula A showed dissolve time 436 sec and %drug release t30 less than 70%. Desirability value of 0.917, which indicated the optimum formula, was obtained from the use of citric acid 6 mg and sodium bicarbonate 105 mg. Keywords: meloxicam, effervescent tablet, solid dispersion, factorial design
Optimasi Komposisi Pelarut Gliserin dan Propilen Glikol terhadap Disolusi Tablet Meloksikam Metode Likuisolid Menggunakan Simplex Lattice Design (Optimization Composition of Glycerin and Propylene Glycol Solvent on Dissolution of Meloxycam Tablet with Li Yudistirawati Khusna; Eka Deddy Irawan; Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala Sari
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 3 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Meloxicam is Non Steroid Inflammation Drugs (NSAID) that inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Meloxicam has poor solubility in water. The drug that has poor solubility, need to be modified to increase the solubility. The technique that can increase the solubility is liquisolid technique. The research aim was to develop tablet formulation of meloxicam by increasing the solubility using liquisolid method. This liquisolid tablet used combination of propylene glycol and glycerin as nonvolatile solvent to increase meloxicam release. The liquisolid tablets were evaluated for physical chemical characteristics e.g. homogeneity level, drug content uniformity, friability, hardness, disintegration time and in vitro drug release. Optimization composition of propylene glycol and glycerin used simplex lattice design method with nonvolatile solvent as a factor and dissolution efficiency (DE60) as response. The use of propylene glycol and glycerin will increase drug release. Optimum composition of propylene glycol and glycerin resulting optimum dissolution efficiency (DE60) between 78,88 – 88,48 % was propylene glycol with concentration of 0-15 mg and glycerin with concentration of 0-15 mg in 300 mg of tablet. Keyword: meloxicam, liquisolid, propylene glycol, glycerin, simplex lattice design
Optimasi Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose dan Xanthan Gum pada Tablet Floating-Mucoadhesive Gliclazide Metode Desain Faktorial (Optimization of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose and Xanthan Gum on Floating-Mucoadhesive Gliclazide Tablet using Factorial Design) Eva Setyorini; Eka Deddy Irawan; Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala Sari
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 4 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Gliclazide is one of the drugs used for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment. It requires frequent dosing which is why gliclazide need to be formulated into preparations using a controlled release drug delivery system. This study aimed to determine the optimum composition of hydroxypropyil methylcellulose (HPMC K4M) and xanthan gum polymer combination for gliclazide tablet. Tablets that have been produced were evaluated for tablets physical characterization, homogenity test, dissolution test, floating lag time, and mucoadhesive test. Tablets were optimized using a factorial design and the data were analyzed using design expert trial 9.0.6. The results showed that the optimal formulation for polymer combination in gliclazide tablet was 122.267-140.000 mg for HPMC K4M and 80.659-90.000 mg for xanthan gum.   Keywords: gliclazide, HPMC K4M, xanthan gum, floating-mucoadhesive system, factorial design.
Optimasi Konsentrasi Kitosan dan Lama Pengadukan dalam Preparasi Microspheres Metformin Hidroklorida (Optimization of Chitosan Consentration and Stirring Time on Preparation of Metformin Hydrochloride Microspheres) Tintia Lintang Pratiwi; Eka Deddy Irawan; Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala Sari
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 3 No 3 (2015)
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Microspheres is multiple dosage unit controlled drug delivery system with the range of a particle size of 1-1000 µm. Chitosan was used as a polymer and metformin hydrochloride (MH) was used as a drug, and non-aqueous solvent evaporation was chosen for the techniques of microspheres preparation. MH is the first line for treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. It has relatively low bioavailability and short half-life, therefore it is appropriate to be prepared as microspheres. Many factors affect the result of microspheres preparation, such as chitosan concentration and stirring time which used in preparation. Factorial design optimization used to determine the chitosan concentration and stirring time to produce MH-chitosan microspheres with the highest entrapment efficiency (EE). The result of microspheres preparation used 2250 mg of chitosan and 2 hours stirring time produced 81.191 % EE, and drug loading and yield of 22.673 and 89.602 %, respectively. The microspheres had spheres shape and a relatively smooth and bright surface morphology. The particle size was 653.333 μm. FT-IR analysis indicated that there were no changes in the functional groups on MH as an active ingredient.   Keywords: metformin hydrochloride-chitosan microspheres, non-aquoeous solvent evaporation, factorial design, chitosan concentration, time stirring
Optimasi Jumlah Etil Selulosa dan Kecepatan Pengadukan dalam Preparasi Hollow Microspheres Kaptopril Eka Deddy Irawan; Taffana Windy Hananta; Dwi Nurahmanto
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Volume 10 No.1, 2022
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/pk.v10i1.11912

Abstract

Captopril is an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitor (ACE Inhibitor) used for the treatment of hypertension. It has been reported that the duration of antihypertensive action after a single oral dose of captopril is only 6–8 h, specific absorption in the stomach, stable at acidic pH and degraded at high pH. These indicate a promising potential of the captopril hollow microspheres system as an alternative to the conventional dosage form. The preparation method used in this study is non-aqueous solvent evaporation. This study aims to determine the amount of ethyl cellulose (EC) and stirring speed to produce hollow microspheres having entrapment efficiency (EE), buoyancy and particle size maximum. Determination of the optimum hollow formula microspheres captopril uses a design factorial of two factors at two levels. The factors used in this study were the amount of EC and stirring speed, while the observed response was EE, buoyancy and particle size. The chosen optimum formula will be verified and characterized (yield, SEM, FT-IR). Formula AB was the optimum formula with EE 90.68%, buoyancy 81.52% and particle size 267.10µm. The verification obtained results in accordance with the prediction of the Design-Expert software. The characterization results obtained a yield value of 98.33%, with a spherical shape, uneven surface morphology, and hollow core. The results of FT-IR analysis showed that there was no interaction between the drug and polymer used in the formulation.
Optimasi Jumlah Hidroksipropil Metilselulosa dan Lama Pengadukan dalam Preparasi Hollow Microspheres Captopril Eka Deddy Irawan; Firdatus Sholehah; Lidya Ameliana
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 10 No 2 (2022): Volume 10 No.2, 2022
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/pk.v10i2.11913

Abstract

Captopril is an antihypertensive class of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEI) used as one of the treatment of hypertension. Low bioavailability and short half-life of captopril caused side effects on gastrointestinal tract, thus it can be prepared into hollow microspheres. Hollow microspheres is spherical microparticles with 1-1000 µm hollow nucleus. Many factors influence the preparation of hollow microspheres including the amount of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) polymer and stirring time. In this study we investigated the best composition of the number of HPMC and stirring times which can produce captopril hollow microspheres with entrapment efficiency (EE), buoyancy, and optimum particle size. Hollow microspheres captopril was prepared using a non-aquoeous solvent evaporation method. The result was captopril hollow microspheres with 25 mg HPMC and 2 hours of stirring can produce an entrapment efficiency (EE) 97,796%, buoyancy 86,747% and particle size 205,655 µm. The yield hollow microspheres captopril 91.903% ± 2.547 with spherical shape, uneven surface morphology and hollow core. The results of FT-IR analysis showed that there was no interaction between the drug and the polymer used in the formulation.
Co-Authors ., Farhana Achmad Fudholi Amalia Fadila Ameliana, Lidya Barikah, Kuni Zu’aimah Cahyaningrum, Nitta Christyn Novita S Dwi Nurahmanto Eryani, Mikhania Christiningtyas Eunike Aprilianio Eva Setyorini Farkha, Fara Sukma Firdatus Sholehah Hanif, Mohammad Ainul Fakhruddin Hery Diar Febryanto Laily, Aisyah Prida Lina Winarti Lusia Oktora Ruma K. S. Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala Sari Ninda Sukmaningrum Siti Munawaro Siti Munawaro, Siti Sri Untari Sukmaningrum, Ninda Taffana Windy Hananta Tiara Berlianti Tintia Lintang Pratiwi Viddy Agustian Rosyidi Yudi Wicaksono Yudistirawati Khusna