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Gestures and Their Meanings of Main Character in Daniel’s Movie Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022) Fauziah Khairani Lubis; Syamsul Bahri
Randwick International of Social Science Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2023): RISS Journal, October
Publisher : RIRAI Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47175/rissj.v4i4.829

Abstract

Gesture is a unique nonverbal communication signal, whereby a person conveys a message or expresses himself through conscious or unconscious movements, body movements, and facial expressions" (Vijay, 2013). This study aims to analyze gestures and meaning based on the context of gestures supported by utterances. According to Sugiyono (2013: 13), this research employs a descriptive qualitative methodology. This study uses the theory of McNeil (2005) that classifies gestures into four types, namely Iconic, Deictic, Metaphor, and Beat. The data used in this research is in the form of screenshots taken from the movie "Everything Everywhere All at Once (20"2)" by Daniel. Four types of gestures are found in the movie, as the researcher has done in the analysis. There are 122 data found. There are 11 (9%) data as iconic gestures, 22 (18%) data as deictic gestures, 15 (12%) data as metaphor gestures, and 75 (61%) data as beat gestures. From the data analyzed, the meaning of the gesture is supported by the utterances in dialog (Semantic Meaning). Some gestures meaning is unclear if they are not accompanied or supported by semantic meaning or utterances. Meanwhile, some data do not have a cultural meaning and no relation to the semantic meaning, such as beat type. A beat gesture is a rhythm of speech as a compliment.
Personality Development In William Shakespeare’s Play Macbeth: Psycoanalytic Perspective Juniar Elfrida Sitohang; Ruthertati Sianturi; Devina Sianturi; Mutia Khairunnisa Siregar; Syamsul Bahri
Jurnal Pendidikan dan Sastra Inggris Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Pendidikan dan Sastra Inggris
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jupensi.v5i2.5227

Abstract

Literary works, especially drama, often reflect the complexity of human psychology through character development and internal conflict. One of the most profound ways to explore this complexity is through psychoanalytic theory, which reveals how unconscious forces shape human behavior. The objective of this study is to analyze personality development in William Shakespeare’s drama Macbeth through the lens of Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. This study employs descriptive qualitative method to explore the inner conflicts experienced by the main character, Macbeth, which are categorized into Freud’s structural personality model: the id, ego, and superego. The results of the data were found that the most dominant component was the id (50%), followed by the ego (30.56%) and the superego (19.44%). The dominance of the id appears in Macbeth's ambition and unconscious desires that lead him to commit murder and violence to gain power. The ego appears when Macbeth tries to think rationally and consider the consequences of his actions, especially when he hesitates or plans strategically before taking any steps. The superego is found in Macbeth’s feelings of guilt and remorse after killing King Duncan, which show his moral awareness and internal punishment. The psychological tension caused by the conflict among the three components of personality reflects Macbeth’s mental transformation from a noble man to a tyrant driven by fear, guilt, and obsession. The final conclusion is that the id is the most dominant factor influencing Macbeth’s downfall, as his uncontrolled desires overpower his rational mind and moral conscience, causing his psychological destruction. This study shows that psychoanalytic theory can be a powerful tool to uncover the internal struggles of literary characters and explain how hidden psychological forces shape their fate.