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All Journal Elkawnie Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Cyberspace: Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi Journal of Data Analysis Jurnal Kreativitas PKM Jurnal JTIK (Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi) Jurnal ABDINUS : Jurnal Pengabdian Nusantara Brilliance: Research of Artificial Intelligence Jurnal Transformasi Administrasi Jurnal Teknologi Terapan and Sains 4.0 Smart Techno (Smart Technology, Informatic and Technopreneurship) Statistika Buletin Pengabdian J-SIGN (Journal Of Informatics, Information System, And Artificial Intelligence) Infolitika Journal of Data Science PESARE: Science and Engineering Service Journal Indonesian Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics PERFECT: Journal of Smart Algorithms
Zulfan Zulfan
Informatika, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Natural and Horizontal Visibility Graphs of EEG Power Spectra for Autism Spectrum Disorder Classification Melinda Melinda; Muhammad Saifullah Nur; Yuwaldi Away; Siti Rusdiana; Souvik Das; Zulfan Zulfan
Indonesian Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): November
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/ijeeemi.v8i4.373

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is primarily identified through behavioral and developmental assessment, which may require specialist expertise and considerable time. Electroencephalography (EEG) offers non-invasive neurophysiological information, but reliable ASD classification remains challenging because EEG signals are nonstationary and highly variable across individuals. This study evaluates whether visibility-graph topology derived from EEG power spectral density (PSD) curves provides complementary information beyond conventional spectral descriptors. Resting-state EEG from the Banda Aceh dataset (7 ASD and 7 typically developing participants, 250 Hz) and the KAU dataset (8 ASD and 8 control participants, 256 Hz) were processed independently. Preprocessing included quality inspection, 0.5–45-Hz zero-phase filtering, dataset-specific 50/60-Hz notch filtering, common average referencing, and non-overlapping 30-s segmentation. Welch PSD was estimated using 2-s Hann windows with 50% overlap across five frequency bands. Direct PSD, natural visibility graph features, and horizontal visibility graph features were compared using RBF-SVM and a six-hidden-layer MLP. Evaluation used subject-wise balanced cross-validation, with performance calculated at the epoch level from participant-disjoint outer-test folds. VG-NVG-PSD with SVM achieved the best observed accuracy of 97.14 ± 3.29% on Banda Aceh, representing a 0.97-percentage-point numerical gain over direct PSD-SVM. VG-HVG-PSD with SVM achieved 96.83 ± 2.34% on KAU, representing a 0.35-percentage-point gain. SVM produced the highest observed configuration on both datasets, whereas graph-spectral transformation did not consistently improve MLP performance. Bonferroni-corrected pairwise comparisons did not establish statistical superiority among individual methods. These findings indicate that PSD-derived visibility graphs provide an interpretable complementary representation for EEG-based ASD classification, although the preferred visibility criterion was dataset-dependent. Larger cohorts and external validation are required before clinical generalization
Co-Authors . Melinda Abelia, Dinda Dwi Abidah Ardelia Akbar, Mufid Akbar, Said Jumadil Alim Misbullah Alim Misbullah Arie Budiansyah Aritonang, Romulo P. Asma Liza, Lia Bagestra, Ricky Candra, Rudi Arif Dewi Maya Sari Dewi Maya Sari Dewi Maya Sari Essy Harnelly Farsiah, Laina Fikrul Akhyar Ghufran S., Mufti Miadi Hanifiah, Jessy Husaini Husaini Ilham, Dirja Nur Irvanizam, Irvanizam Junidar Junidar Juwita Juwita Kikye Martiwi Sukiakhy Lestari AKA Lindawati Lindawati Lulu Huril In Marzuki Marzuki Marzuki Marzuki Marzuki Misbullah, Alim Muhammad Arif Ramadhan Muhammad Chaidir Muhammad Farhan Muhammad Iqbal Muhammad Irfan Muhammad Khoiruddin Harahap Muhammad Saifullah Nur Muhammad Subianto Muhd Iqbal Munawir Munawir Muslim Muslim Muzailin, Muzailin N. Nazaruddin Nabilah, Sausan Nahyadi, TWK. Muhammad Akbar Nazaruddin Nazaruddin Nazaruddin Nazaruddin Nazaruddin Nazaruddin Nazaruddin Nazaruddin Nazhifah, Sri Azizah Nizamuddin Nizamuddin Odli Aulia Radhiah, Radhiah Rahma Zuhra Rahma Zuhra Rasudin Rasudin Rasudin Rasudin Rasudin, Rasudin Razief Perucha Fauzie Afidh Rizki, Pobi Salsabila, Raina Saputra, Devi Satria Saputra, Kurnia Simatupang, Haryulina Siti Rusdiana Souvik Das Sukiakhy Sukiakhy Tarmizi Usman Ula, Akramul Usman, Tarmizi Wira Dharma Yunardi, Dalila Husna Yuwaldi Away Zahnur Zoel Fachri Zul Akhyar