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TRADISI DAN KELEMBAGAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA PESISIR DAN LAUT DI KOTA TIDORE KEPULAUAN PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA Tawari, Ruslan Husen Saban; Paillin, J. B.; Haruna, Haruna; Siahainenia, Stany; Sangadji, Selfi; Angkotasan, Abdul
TRITON: Jurnal Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan Vol 16 No 1 (2020): Jurnal TRITON
Publisher : Departement of Aquatic Resources Management, Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, Pattimura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (354.066 KB) | DOI: 10.30598/TRITONvol16issue1page19-27

Abstract

Increasing of global awareness related to environmental management, ecosystems, and fisheries resources is a trigger in the reactualization of community traditions and institutions. People of Tidore Islands City, known as indigenous people with their coastal and marine institutional traditions in North Maluku Province, have a local order handed down in the utilization of the coastal and marine resources. This study aimed to analyze the existence of traditions and institutions and their effects on managing coastal and marine resources in the City of Tidore Islands. The research was conducted on June-August 2019 in the city of Tidore Islands. This research encompass 4 Subdistrict and 2 villages namely, Tomalou, Mareku, Soasio and Dowora Subdistrict as well as Mare Gam and Maitara village,. The research applied a qualitative method, which involves in-depth interview techniques, observation, and documentation. Data were analysed using a qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study showed that there are five local wisdoms that are maintained by the people of Tidore Islands City nowadays. These local wisdom is a legacy from the ancestors in the management of coastal and marine resources, namely Karo Kahiya (Calling the Dolphins), Fola Sow (Lit. House of Medicine), Jere (Sacred), Cofa (Fish breeding) and Saihu (Leader/Fishing Master). The approach to management of coastal and marine resources with procedures or traditions and institutions contributed a significant impact (very effective) on local communities in relation to the sustainable use of coastal and marine resources. as well as the preservation of local traditions and customary institutions. ABSTRAK Meningkatnya kesadaran global terkait pengelolaan lingkungan, ekosistem dan pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan menjadi pemicu dalam reaktualisasi tradisi dan kelembagaan masyarakat. Masyarakat Kota Tidore Kepulauan yang dikenal sebagai masyarakat adat dengan tradisi kelembagaan pesisir dan lautnya di Provinsi Maluku Utara, merupakan masyarakat yang memiliki tatanan lokal yang turun temurun dalam pemanfaatan sumberdaya pesisir dan laut dimaksud. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganlisis eksistensi tradisi dan kelembagaan serta pengaruhnya terhadap pengelolaan sumberdaya pesisir dan laut di Kota Tidore Kepulauan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Juni- Agustus 2019, di Kota Tidore Kepulauan meliputi 2 desa dan 4 kelurahan yakni, Desa Mare Gam, Desa Maitara, Kelurahan Tomalou dan Kelurahan Mareku, Kelurahan Soasio dan kelurahan Dowora. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, yang melibatkan teknik-teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan sampai saat ini masih terdapat lima kearifan lokal yang tetap terjaga oleh masyarakat Kota Tidore Kepulauan yang merupakan warisan dari para leluhur dalam pengelolaan sumbedaya pesisir dan laut, yakni Karo Kahiya (Memanggil Lumba Lumba), Fola Sow (Rumah Obat), Jere (Keramat), Cofa (Penangkaran Ikan) dan Saihu (Pemimpin/Nakoda dalam Operasi Penangkapan Ikan). Pendekatan pengelolaan sumberdaya pesisir dan lautan dengan tradisi dan kelembagaan telah memberikan dampak yang sangat signifikan (sangat efektif) bagi masyarakat setempat dalam pemanfaatan sumberdaya pesisir dan lautan yang berkelanjutan maupun pelestarian tradisi dan kelembagaan adat istiadat setempat. Kata Kunci: Tradisi, kelembagaan, pengelolaan, sumberdaya, Tidore
Productivity and Distribution of Fish Aggregation Devices (FADs) in Outer Ambon Bay Waters, Indonesia Delly Dominggas Paulina Matrutty; Jacobus Bunga Paillin; Stany Rachel Siahainenia; Welem Waileruny; K Rutumalessy
Journal Omni-Akuatika Vol 17, No 1 (2021): Omni-Akuatika May
Publisher : Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty - Jenderal Soedirman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.oa.2021.17.1.777

Abstract

Distribution of small pelagis fish in FADs, and produktivity of FADs in AmFADs are usually used by fishermen to concentrate fish for an efficient catching activity. However, the number, distance, and distribution in the waters need to be assessed in relation to the productivity of the FADs in order to maintain the sustainability. This study was aimed to map the distribution of FADs; to analyze the distribution of species, number and size of fish associated with FADs; and to calculate FAD productivity based on distribution in the Outer Ambon Bay waters. Data was obtained by observation and interview. Field observation, including: coordinates and number of FADs, species, number and size of fish. The distance and distribution of FADs, was mapped using software (Argis web), while the productivity of FADs was analyzed base on catch per unit effort (CPUE). The result, FAD in Outer Ambon Bay waters was found 25 unit and the average distance of FAD was obtained 0.47 nautical miles, and the placement of the device was irregular. The placement pattern of FADs were generally straight to coastline. Small pelagic fish was found 7 species and the 5 of the dominant species were obtained Decapterus sp, Selar crumenophthalmus, Rastreliger sp, Sardinella sp and Selaroides sp. The species were unevenly spread at each FAD with quite varied sizes. FAD productivity showed that the highest productivity was found in the middle group FAD at Ambon Bay waters.Keywords: Distance, size, small pelagis, productivitybon Bay
ALTERNATIF PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PENANGKAPAN MADIDIHANG (Thunnus albacares) SKALA KECIL SECARA BERKELANJUTAN DI KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT (Alternative Development of a Sustainable Small-Scale Business of Catching Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares)in Weste Ruslan HS Tawari; Hadi Hermansyah; J.B. Paillin; Stany R Siahainenia
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 16, No 4 (2020): SAINTEK PERIKANAN
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijfst.16.4.259-267

Abstract

Penangkapan Madidihang (Yellowfin Tuna) skala kecil di Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat  dihadapkan pada beberapa permasalahan mendasar antara lain: keterbatasan modal usaha,efisiensi dan efektivitas penangkapan (produktivitas), penanganan hasil tangkapan,manajemen usaha yang rendah,sumberdaya nelayan yang rendahdan pemasaran hasil tangkapan. Oleh karenanya dibutuhkan skenario pengembangan yang terintegralistik dan berkelanjutan (sistemik) agar dapat menghasilkan solusi bagi peningkatan pendapatan dan taraf hidup nelayanskala kecil dalam memanfaatkan potensi sumberdaya Madidihang.Kebijakan pengembangan usaha penangkapan madidihang skala kecil yang didasarkan pada aspek-aspek berkelanjutan usaha penangkapan mutlak diperlukan untuk menjawab permasalahan di atas.Tujuan penelitian ini adalahmenentukan strategi dan alternatif pengembangan usaha penengkapan Madidihang (Thunnus albacaress) skala kecil secara berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat. Analisa data menggunakan analisa hierarki proses (AHP) mencakup aspek hukum, ekonomi, bioekologi, teknis, dan sosial. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa alternatif pengembangan usaha penangkapan Madidihang di Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat diprioritaskan pada penguatan pemodalan dan pemasaran dengan memperhatikan aspek ekonomi dalam hal ini pada upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi nelayan skala kecil. Small-scale fisheries activities of Yellowfin Tuna in West Seram District was confronted with many fundamental debates. Issues to be considered include limited working capital, efficiency, and difficulty in catching (productivity), handling of catches, low business management, low fisheries resources and marketing of catches. Therefore, an integrated and sustainable (systemic) development scheme is needed to produce solutions for increasing the income and living standards of small-scale farmers in utilizing the potential of Madidihang resources. Policy or strategy for developing Madidihang catching business This research is aimed at determining the strategy for developing a small-scale Madidihang catching business in West Seram District. Data analysis uses a process hierarchy analysis (AHP) that handles legal, economic, bioecological, technical and social aspects. The results of the analysis show that the alternative development of the Madidihang capture business in West Seram Regency is prioritized on strengthening capital and marketing by paying attention to economic aspects in this case to improve welfare and small-scale economic growth.
Jenis Dan Distribusi Lumba - Lumba Di Perairan Teluk Kiluan Lampung Stany R Siahainenia; Isnaniah '
Ilmu Perairan (Aquatic Science) Vol 8, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jipas.8.1.p.29-35

Abstract

About one-third of dolphin species in the world is living in Indonesia,including some other types categorized by rareness and threatened of extinct. Thepurposes of this research are to analyse visually the dolphin behaviour on thesurface of water area at its real habitat. Equipments used in this research wereidentification book of dolphin, and visual sensus on dolphin with line transec zigzagmethod. In Kiluan Bay, there were two species of dolphin found, namely Stenellalongirostris (Spinner dolphin) and Tursiops truncatus (Bottlenose dolphin). Duringperception, the coastal water were predominated by Spinner dolphin, 61,33%.Dolphin movement in coastal water of Kiluan Bay between 100 to 800 metres.Keywords: Stenella longirostris, Bottlenose dolphin, Kiluan Bay
Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan setelah Meloloskan Diri pada Alat Tangkap Bubu di Perairan Desa Wakal, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah Kedswin Gerson Hehanussa; Stany Rachel Siahainenia; Jacobus Bunga Paillin; Ruslan Husen Saban Tawari; Haruna Haruna; Mochammad Riyanto
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 23, No 2 (2020): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v23i2.7172

Abstract

Fishermen in Wakal Village still water is pot to catch coral fish species. The pot is made from woven bamboo with small hexagonal-shaped cracks. The type of fish that are targeted by the catch usually after being caught in the traps suffer injuries to their bodies as they try to escape through small gaps that are hexagonal. The purpose of this study is to analyze the viability of fish after escaping to the cover net. The data were collected by experimental fishing using four units of pots that were cover net in 20 repetitions. The research was conducted from September to December 2018 in Wakal Village, and Central Maluku Regency. The total number of fish caught is only 2.83% of fish that escape into the net cover. Fish that escaped are divided into 7 species including Plectrypops lima, Pinjalo lewisi, Ephinephelus tauvina, Chaetodon kleini, Centropyge bicolor, Priolepis cincta, Paraluteres prionurus. The cause of fish death is not only assessed from the wounds on the body of the fish when escaping or the wounds resulting from contact with other fish but the stress from the fish itself. The environmental factors that greatly affect the survival of fish when escaping are temperature and salinity.  Nelayan di Perairan Desa Wakal menggunakan alat tangkap bubu untuk menangkap ikan karang. Bubu terbuat dari anyaman bambu dengan celah-celah berukuran kecil berbentuk hexagonal. Jenis ikan yang menjadi target tangkapan biasanya setelah tertangkap oleh bubu mengalami luka pada tubuhnya karena berupaya meloloskan diri melalui celah-celah kecil yang berbentuk hexagonal. Luka yang terdapat pada tubuh ikan dapat mengakibatkan kondisi yang buruk bagi kelangsungan hidup. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Menganalisis kelangsungan hidup ikan setelah meloloskan diri ke cover net. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan uji coba penangkapan menggunakan 4 unit bubu buton yang dipasang cover net sebanyak 20 kali ulangan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September-Desember 2018 di Desa Wakal, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Total jumlah keseluruhan ikan yang tertangkap hanya 2.83% ikan yang meloloskan diri masuk ke dalam cover net. Ikan yang lolos terbagi dalam 7 spesies diantaranya Plectrypops lima, Pinjalo lewisi, Ephinephelus tauvina, Chaetodon kleini, Centropyge bicolor, Priolepis cincta, Paraluteres prionurus. Penyebab kematian ikan bukan saja dinilai dari luka pada tubuh ikan saat meloloskan diri ataupun luka akibat dari kontak dengan ikan lainnya namun stress dari ikan itu sendiri. Adapun faktor-faktor lingkungan yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap kelangsungan hidup ikan saat meloloskan diri yaitu suhu dan salinitas.
Daerah Penangkapan Potensial Tuna Madidihang Thunnus albacares, Bonnaterre, 1788 (Teleostei:Scombridae) di Laut Seram Jacobus Bunga Paillin; Delly Dominggas Paulina Matrutty; Stany Rachel Siahainenia; Ruslan Husen Saban Tawari; Haruna Haruna; Putri Talahatu
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 23, No 2 (2020): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v23i2.7073

Abstract

This research aims are to determine the potential fishing grounds of yellowfin tuna based on the approach of sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a and catches in the Ceram Sea. Overall catches of 407 Individuals. In January the total catches were 66 individuals (14.44%), in February 67 individuals (14.66%), in March 84 individuals (18.38%), in April 116 individuals (25.38%) and in May 124 individuals (27.13%). The distribution of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a in the Ceram Sea in January-May 2019 looks varied. In January the average sea surface temperature was 29.13 oC, in February sea surface temperature was 29.54 oC, in March sea surface temperature was 30.12 oC, in April sea surface temperature was 30.12 oC, in May sea surface temperature was 29.77 oC. Chlorophyll-a concentration in January and February was 0.21 mg/m3, March was 0.20 mg/m3, April was 0.16 mg/m3, and May was 0.25 mg/m3. The results of the t-test analysis showed the P-value of sea surface temperature was 0.009<0.05, chlorophyll-a P-value 0.00048<0.05. Determination of potential fishing areas based on sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a, and CPUE indicators shows that potential fishing areas are found in January, February, March, and May, while in April are in the medium potential category. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan menentukan daerah penangkapan potensial Tuna madidihang berdasarkan pendekatan suhu permukaan laut, klorofil-a dan hasil tangkapan di Laut Seram.  Secara keseluruhan hasil tangkapan ikan tuna madidihang sebanyak 407 Individu. Bulan Januari total hasil tangkapan sebanyak 66 individu (14.44%), bulan Februari 67 individu (14.66%), bulan Maret 84 individu (18.38%), bulan April 116 individu (25.38%) dan bulan Mei 124 individu (27.13%). Sebaran suhu permukaan laut dan klorofil-a di Laut Seram pada bulan Januari-Mei 2019 terlihat bervariasi. Bulan Januari rata-rata suhu permukaan laut sebesar 29.13 oC, bulan Februari suhu permukaan laut 29.54 o, bulan Maret suhu permukaan laut 30.12 oC, bulan April suhu permukaan laut 30.12 oC, bulan Mei suhu permukaan laut 29.77 oC. Konsentrasi klorofil-a pada bulan Januari dan Februari sebesar 0.21 mg/m3, bulan Maret sebesar 0.20 mg/m3, bulan April sebesar 0.16 mg/m3, dan bulan Mei sebesar 0.25 mg/m3.  Hasil analisis uji t menunjukan nilai P-value suhu permukaan laut sebesar 0,009<0,05, klorofil-a P-value 0,00048<0,05. Penentuan daerah penangkapan ikan potensial berdasarkan indikator suhu permukaan laut, klorofil-a dan CPUE menunjukkan daerah penangkapan ikan potensial terdapat pada bulan Januari, Februari, Maret, dan Mei, sedangkan pada bulan April berada dalam kategori potensial sedang. 
Karakteristik Pola Pertumbuhan dan Distribusi Ukuran Thunnus albacares, Bonnaterre, 1788 (Teleostei: Scombridae) yang Tertangkap dengan Pancing Ulur di Perairan Selatan Pulau Ambon Jacobus Bunga Paillin; Stany Rachel Siahainenia; Ruslan Husen Saban Tawari
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 24, No 1 (2021): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v24i1.8637

Abstract

Handline is a fishing tool that is always used by fishermen in Passo Village to catch tuna fish in the southern waters of Ambon Island. In carrying out tuna fishing activities, these fishermen use two hand lines at the same time operating together but differ in their operating techniques. This research was conducted to know the size distribution and growth pattern of yellowfin tuna caught by handline (PUT and PUH) in the southern waters of Ambon Island. From the results of this study, the total yellowfin tuna caught using the PUT handline was 323 individuals with an average class length of 117.23 cm, while the yellowfin tuna caught using the PUH handline was 159 with an average class length of 118.1 cm. The average total weight of yellowfin tuna caught by the PUT handline was 21.26 kg. The average total weight caught using the PUH handline was 21.94 kg. The growth pattern of yellowfin tuna as a whole is negative allometric, which means that the length growth is faster than the weight growth. Pancing ulur merupakan alat tangkap yang selalu dipakai oleh nelayan di Desa Passo untuk menangkap ikan tuna di perairan selatan Pulau Ambon. Dalam melakukan aktivitas penangkapan ikan tuna, nelayan tersebut menggunakan dua pancing ulur (hand line) sekaligus  diopresikan secara bersama-sama namun berbeda dalam teknik pengoprasiannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi ukuran dan pola pertumbuhan ikan tuna madidihang yang tertangkap dengan  pancing ulur (PUT dan PUH) di perairan selatan Pulau Ambon. Dari hasil penelitian ini total ikan tuna madidihang yang tertangkap dengan PUT sebanyak 323 individu dengan rata-rata kelas ukuran panjang yang tertangkap yaitu 117.23 cm, sedangkan tuna madidihang yang tertangkap menggunakan PUH sebanyak 159 ekor dengan rata-rata kelas ukuran panjang 118.1 cm. Rata-rata berat total tuna madidihang yang tertangkap dengan PUT yaitu  21.26 kg. rata-rata berat total yang tertangkap dengan PUH yaitu 21.94 kg. Pola pertumbuhan ikan tuna madidihang secara keseluruhan bersifat allometrik negatif hal ini berarti pertumbuhan panjang lebih cepat pertumbuhan beratnya.
Supperior Fishing Gear for Coral Reef Fishes in Western Seram Regency Agustinus Tupamahu; Haruna Haruna; Barbara G Hutubessy; Stany R Siahainenia; Albert Ch Nanlohy; Kedswin Hehanusa
Agrikan: Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan Vol 14, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Sangia Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29239/j.agrikan.14.1.54-64

Abstract

Various fishing gears that are operated in the coral reef waters of Western Seram Regency have their own selectivity, capture various species of fish, and have an impact on the damage to coral reef ecosystems. This study aims to determine the leading reef fishing gears in Western Seram District. The survey method is through observations and interviews with fishermen who conduct fishing activities of coral species. Respondents are determined by propulsive sampling, the selection of superior fishing gear is done by the scoring method. The results showed that the fishing gear classified into the line fishing gear was superior to other fishing gear, where the bottom trolling were superior. The less favored coral fishing equipment especially from the biological aspect needs attention to improve the method and design of the fishing gear.
PENANGKAPAN TUNA MADIDIHANG (THUNNUS ALBACARES) DENGAN PANCING ULUR OLEH NELAYAN KECAMATAN AMAHAI KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH Stany R Siahainenia; Ruslan Tawari; Haruna Haruna; Jacobus Paillin; Rifan Dikromo
Pattimura Proceeding 2022: PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL DPD HIMPUNAN ALUMNI IPB MALUKU
Publisher : Pattimura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/PattimuraSci.2022.HAIPBMAL.84-91

Abstract

One of the fishery commodities with high economic value is tuna, where in the Maluku region in 2021, tuna production will be 35.56% (BPS, 2022). Tuna is caught using handlines which are classified as small-scale fisheries. The existence of tuna that changes over time causes fishermen to experience uncertainty in finding suitable fishing areas. Temperature is an important indicator in the distribution and abundance of tuna. This study aims to determine the composition of the hand line catch and to analyze the temperature distribution based on the area of ​​the hand line fishing operation in Central Maluku Regency. The research was conducted in the waters with the method used is a survey method by following fishing trips and using GPS satellite-based Spot Trace to track vessel movement activities during fishing operations. Descriptive data analysis was used to determine the composition of fisherman catches and used SeaWiFS Data Analysis System (SEADAS) 7.3.1 and Surfer 12 to analyze the distribution of water temperatures at fishing locations. The results showed that yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) dominated the catch by 70.30%, bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) by 20.19% and skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) by 0.52%. The frequency distribution of yellowfin tuna length ranges from 23-171 cmFL where during 2019 it was dominated by sizes <100 cmFL as much as 82.42%. The SST range in January is 290C-310C, optimal fishing is at 29.80C-30.40C, April is in the range of 30.20C-31.70C, optimal fishing is at 30.90C-31.30C, in May is in the range of 27.40C-31,40C the optimal catch is in the temperature range of 27.80C -30.80C, in June is 27.40C -280C the optimal catch is in the temperature range 27.60C-27.850C, in September 27.40C-29.50C the optimal catch is at a temperature range of 27, 80C -28.50C, and in December the range of 29.40C-31.50C is optimal for catching at a temperature range of 30.40C -31.20C
Land Cover Change Using Multi-Time Landsat Imagery with Geographic Information Techniques (Sig) in Iuphhk-Ha Forest Area, Buru Regency, Maluku Province Hendrik Aponno; Stany Rachel Siahainenia
Syntax Idea 577-592
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/syntax-idea.v5i5.2207

Abstract

Development of land cover change in IUPHHK-HA PT. Gema Hutani Lestari is very important to know, so that future patterns of land cover change can be predicted so that negative land cover changes can be prevented or reduced, so that land cover changes that occur can be analyzed. This study aims to access land cover change in the IUPHHK-HA PT. Gema Hutani Lestari between 2013, 2016 and 2018. The methodology used by this study is guided classification with maximum and visual likelihood estimates, spatial data analysis, field checks and using overlays for landsat 8 data in 2013, 2016 and 2018. This study shows that land cover in IUPHHK-HA in Buru Regency, Maluku Province in 2013-2016 changed from forest to open land (69.26%) and from forest to allang-allang (29.03%) dominated by Main Swamp Forest (39.27%), Primary Dry Forest 27.08% and Secondary Swamp Forest ± 17.12%. While the smallest land cover is 0.01% pasture. The largest land cover change occurred in the Secondary Dryland Forest which was reduced ± 693,444 Ha. The most significant change when compared to the situation in 2005 was the Bush Intervention Dryland Agriculture which increased ± 190.69%. Deforestation that occurred was ± 1,122.21 ha (± 160.32 ha / year) and degradation was ± 100.19 ha (± 14.31 ha / year).