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Journal : BERITA BIOLOGI

REGENERASI TANAMAN PEPAYA HASIL TRANSFORMASI DENGAN GEN ACC OKSIDASE ANTISENSE [Regeneration of Transforman Papaya Plant with ACC Oxidase Antisense Gene] Purnamaningsih, Ragapadmi; Mariska, Ika; Hutami, Sri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 5 (2005)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (497.521 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v7i5.873

Abstract

Papaya is climacteric fruit. As the other climacteric fruit, papaya has hight speed ripening, so papaya fruit can not stored in long period. Genetic enginering is one alternative technology to solve the problem by introducing antisense oxidase ACC gen to the papaya plant genome to get delay ripening characteristic. Success of genetic enginering technology depend on plant regeneration system.There were two ways of plant regeneration: organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. The aim of this experiment was to induce root formation of papaya planlet which trasformated by ACC oxidase antisense gene.The former experiment showed that explant which transformated by ACC oxidase antisense gene can regenerated to be shoot/planlet with P6 medium.But when the shoot transferred to root induction medium the root was difficult to formed, callus was formed at the base of shoot, the leaves turn to yellow and fall down.Many media formulations were tried in this experiment with different basic medium for root induction and development.MS (1, Vi) DKW (1, A) and WPM (1, Vi) were used as basic media combined with sucrose (2 % and 3 %) and plant growth regulators (kinetin, IAA, and paclobutrazol) adding with some organic compound. Result of the experiment showed that MS Vi + paclobutrazol 0.5 mg/1 induced root formation 80 %, inhibited callus formation and decreased yellowing and falling of the leaves.
MIKROPROPAGASI SUKUN (Artocarpus communis Forst), TANAMAN SUMBER KARBOHIDRAT ALTERNATIF Supriati, Yati; Mariska, Ika; Hutami, Sri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 4 (2005)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (467.716 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v7i4.1049

Abstract

Bread fruit (Artocarpus communis Forst) is one of tropical fruit, which has a high contain of carbohydrate.In certain area, it becomes an alternative staple food when the main staple foods are scarce.The amount of carbohydrate in breadfruit is almost the same with the one in sweet potato, but it is higher than in potato. The main constraint of the development of breadfruit is the limited of seedling availability.Tissue culture technique has been known for its excellent result for plant propagation, because this technique has ability in producing seedling in a large quantity, in uniform growth rate and in a relative short time.The experiment was conducted at Cell Tissue Culture Division, Indonesian Center Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resource Research and Development (1CAB1OGRAD) from February 2003 until December 2004.There were some steps experiments with series of combination medium as treatments. The first steps was shoot multiplication at Sk-2 medium with WPM + BA (0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 and 2,0 mg/1) + Thidiazuron (0; 0,4 mg/1);The second step was elongation shoot at Sk-3 with WPM + kinetin (1,2 and 3 mg/1) + GAa(0 and 5 mg/1), and the third was root initiation and proliferation, by comparing WPM + IBA (0, 2, 4 and 6 mg/1) + charcoal (0;0,5 %) and WPM (1; 0,5) + BA (0; 1,5 and 5 mg.l) or NAA (1,2 and 3 mg/1). For the step of acclimatization, soil and compost were used in comparison of (1;1 and 1:2).The result showed that the best media for shoot multiplication of breadfruit was WPM + BA 2 mg/1 + TDZ 0 4 with shoot number of 15,5., while the best media for shoot elongation was WPM + Kinetin 1 mg/1 + GA, 5 mg/1.WPM + IBA 3 mg/1 was the best formula for root proliferation with the highest root number about 6.5 and percentage of shoot producing root about 60%. For acclimatization, soil and compost in combination of 1:1 was the best media for planlet of breadfruit with the success rate about 70%. Charcoal is not necessary in root initiation and proliferation.
PENGGUNAAN PACLOBUTRAZOLDAN ABA DAL AM PERBANYAKAN X NENAS SIMADU MELALUI KULTUR IN VITRO Purnamaningsih, Ragapadmi; Mariska, Ika; Supriati, Yati
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 6 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (510.62 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v9i6.852

Abstract

Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.), represents an important crop in Subang. Somaclonal variation is one of the problem to develop pineapple, especially Simadu variety. Probability to conduct Simadu progeny from the mother plant is very low (5%).Its caused by chimeric of the somatic cells that form meristem.In vitro culture is the alternative method to solve the problem by using the meristem cells from Simadu fruit as explant. Unfortunately, genetic diversity has been observed in many spesies during tissue culture.This phenomenon is usually termed somaclonal variation. Many studies on pineapple demonstrsted that some in vitro propagated materials differ from the source materials from which they are derived.To minimize genetic variability, the use of growth inhibitor such as paclobutazol and absisic acid hopefully would gave the important role in genetic stability. The aim of the research is to multiply Simadu pineapple by using tissue culture technic. In vitro shoot induce from crown of the Simadu fruit until get the sterile shoots. Combination of kinetin (0-5 ppm) with paclobutrazol ( 0-0.1 ppm) or ABA (0-1 ppm) was used in the multiplication stage. Result showed that there are no interaction between kinetin and paclobutrazol or ABA, but there is influence of the single factor. Kinetin increase leave number but decrease plant height and root number. Paclobutrazol increase shoot and leave number, but decrease plant height and root number. There is no influence of ABA to plant height, shoot and root number but decreased leaves number.
INDUKSI POLIPLOIDI DENGAN KOLKISIN PADA HIBRID F1 HASIL PERSILANGAN ANTAR SPECIES PADA TANAMAN PANILI ASAL CIAMIS Damayanti, Fitri; Mariska, Ika
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 6, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v6i4.3455

Abstract

Steem root disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f. sp. Vanillae (Tucker) Gordon represent one internal issues of vanilla development (Vanilla planifolia Andrews). To obtain resistance clone to the disease, it can exploit resource of wild vanilla (V. albida B. L Syn) through crosses. Hybrids which were interspecific crossed generally were sterile. To overcome sterility problem of the hybrids, chromosome doubling was made by colchicine application. Explant used globular structure of proembryo from F1 seed result from a cross between wild vanilla of Ciamis as female parents and cultivated vanilla clone of Ciamis as male parent. Concentration level colchicine used were 0.00%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.20% and 0.25% with period of treatment of 3 and 6 days. After colchicine treatment embryo cultures were subcultured into new mwdium that was basal media Murashige-Skoog enriched with 2.5 mg/l BAP. Result of the experiment showed that colchicine treatment,globular structure were F1 embryo tending to inhibit early regeneration. The cultures showed variabilities from treatment of colchicin 0.20% during of 6 day and 0.25% for 3 days. Phenotypic performance of the chromosome doubled hybrids showing great variation in color and vigor of the culture. Tetraploid plant(2n=4x=64) was obtained from the colchicine treatment of 0.25% for 6 days. Chromosome addtion was followed by improvement of cell dimensions and organ magnification.