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Tracking Democracy In Islam M. Junaidi; Sudaryono Sudaryono
Law and Justice Vol 5, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v5i2.12489

This paper aims to answer the question “Is democracy in conflict with Islam?” This paper also discusses the values contained in democracy. This paper uses a normative legal research method that is descriptive and analytic to describe the implementation of government systems and political systems in Islam. Then analyze it with democratic values as a system of government and a political system. The research results obtained a brief description of democracy as a political system and government system in the era of the Prophet and the era of Khulafaturrasyidin to determine the democratic values contained. In the end, this paper is one of the answers to the discourse that has been a growing polemic between democracy and Islam.

Pemilihan Presiden Ideal Melalui Demokrasi Kerakyatan Berdasarkan Nilai – Nilai Keislaman M. Junaidi; Dania Nalisa Indah
Law and Justice Vol 5, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v5i1.10781

Indonesia merupakan negara yang sistem penyelenggaraan negaranya berdasarkan asas kedaulatan rakyat dan prinsip negara hukum. Salah satu bentuk dari pelaksanaan asas kedaulatan rakyat adalah dengan memberikan kesempatan kepada rakyat untuk berpartisipasi dalam pemilihan presiden secara langsung karena Indonesia sebagai penganut sistem pemerintahan presidensiil, presidennya hanya memiliki masa jabatan yang berlangsung selama 5 (lima) tahun. Meskipun begitu, pemilihan secara langsung yang sudah dimulai semenjak tahun 2004 hingga yang terakhir 2019 ini dinilai sudah tidak sesuai dengan nilai – nilai Pancasila yang merupakan grundnorm dari segala konstitusi yang berlaku di Indonesia. Sehingga muncul sebuah tantangan untuk mencari suatu pemilihan presiden ideal di Indonesia yang sesuai dengan Pancasila serta bernilai keislaman agar dapat diterima dengan baik oleh masyarakat Indonesia yang mayoritas adalah pemeluk agama islam. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa tantangan ini dapat diatasi dengan mengusung kembali demokrasi kerakyatan berlandaskan sila ke-4 Pancasila yang berbunyi, “Kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan/perwakilan” yang sebenarnya sudah pernah dilakukaan pada masa lampu yaitu dengan cara pencalonan dan bermusyawarah sebagaimana salah satu praktik pemilihan pemimpin yang berasaskan nilai – nilai keislaman. Sehingga nantinya selain Indonesia berhasil menjalankan konstitusinya dengan baik, peyelenggaran demokrasi Indonesia kembali pada makna demokrasi yang diinginkan oleh para The Founding Fathers.

Tinjauan Yuridis terhadap Force Majeuredalam Relaksasi Kredit di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Sudaryono Sudaryono; M. Junaidi
Prosiding University Research Colloquium Proceeding of The 13th University Research Colloquium 2021: Pendidikan, Humaniora dan Agama
Publisher : Konsorsium Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah 'Aisyiyah (PTMA) Koordinator Wilayah Jawa Tengah - DIY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (352.97 KB)

Permasalahan yang terdapat karya ilmiah ini adalah mengenaibagaimana parameter suatu keadaan dapat disebut sebagaiForce Majure dan apakah pandemi Covid-19 dapat dijadikandasar sebagai Force Majure, serta apakah relaksasi kredittelah mampu untuk mengatasi permasalahan ekonomiIndonesia dengan kebijakan relaksasi kredit. Penelitian inimenggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis-normatif yangsumber data utamanya adalah data sekunder yakni berupabahan-bahan tertulis tentang hukum yang kemudian dianalisissecara kuantitatif yang bertujuan menghasilkan data deskriptifanalitis. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa parameter suatukeadaan dapat disebut sebagai force majure dapat dibagimenjadi dua yaitu force majure absolute dan force majurerelatif, force majure absolut adalah keadaan yang sudah tidakbisa dilaksanakan lagi sedangkan force majure relatif adalahkeadaan yang sebenarnya bisa dilakukan namun karena adasuatu hal maka tidak mungkin melaksanakan kehendaknya danjika dilakukan maka pengaruhnya besar. Pandemi Covid-19secara umum tidak dapat dikatan sebagai keadaan forcemajure, namun karena Pemerintah telah mengeluarkanKeppres Nomor 12 tahun 2020 yang menyatakan covid-19merupakan bencana non-alam dan merupakan bencananasional serta pembatasan melakukan suatu kegiatan, maka haldemikian dapat berpotensi sebagai forcemajuresehinggakemudiandenganadanyasuatupembatasankegiatan, negara harushadirdalammemberikan stimulusperekonomiannasionalyakni salahsatunyapemberianrelaksasikredit. Pemberian relaksasi kreditmerupakan kebijakan yang dikeluarkan oleh negara sebagaiupaya agar para pelaku usaha masih dapat melanjutkankegiatan usahanya di tengah pandemi dan tentunya dapatkembali menunjang perekonomian negara, namun dalampraktiknya pemberian relaksasi kredit oleh lembaga jasakeuangan belum optimal

Implementation of Law Number 18 of 2019 on Access to Education for Graduates of Muhammadiyah Boarding School Klaten at State Universities Sandya Mahendra; Engine Kubota; Nabila Rahmawati Rama; M. Junaidi
Journal of Transcendental Law Volume 3, No 2, 2021
Publisher : Law Doctoral Program Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jtl.v3i2.18509

Islamic boarding schools are one of the educational programs among the many levels of education that have been passed down from generation to generation by the people of Indonesia. Islamic boarding school is a national education identity that has special characteristics in the form of religion-based education that is thick with scientific nuances. This study aims to 1) Know the definition of Islamic boarding school in law number 18 of 2019; 2) Knowing the implementation of Law No. 18 of 2019 on graduates of Islamic boarding schools in state universities. The research method used is normative legal research with a doctrinal approach with a descriptive type of study. Article 1 paragraph (1) of this Law states that Islamic boarding schools are community-based institutions established by individuals, foundations, Islamic community organizations, and/or communities that instill faith and piety to Allah SWT, cultivate noble character and adhere to the teachings of Islam. Islam rahmatan lil’alamin which is reflected in the attitude of humility, tolerance, balance, moderation, and other noble values of the Indonesian nation through education, Islamic da’wah, exemplary, and community empowerment within the framework of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. Muhammadiyah Boarding School Klaten or commonly referred to as MBS Klaten is a modern boarding school combining religious education with general science and Information Technology (ICT). The implementation of the law to accommodate graduates of Islamic boarding schools to continue their studies to a higher level has been carried out through a scholarship program to all Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. However, MBS Klaten provides extremely strict requirements so that few students have the opportunity to continue their studies at State Universities.Keywords: Boarding school; Government policy; Education

Personal Data Protection Policy during Covid-19 Pandemic Era Moh. Indra Bangsawan; Budi Santoso; M. Junaidi; Dewi Kusuma Diarti; Sandya Mahendra; Engine Kubota
Law and Justice Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): Law and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v8i1.1558

Advances in technology and information demand that the law can accommodate all forms of need for legal protection in the future. Objective : This research aims to describe the picture of threats to data resources in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as describe personal data protection policies in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods : This research uses the literature review method. The literary materials obtained are in the form of scientific papers, online media, books, etc. that concerns the analyzed object. Findings : The current personal data protection policy is still based on Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions which until now is considered not optimal to ensure legal protection of data resources in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic. 19. Data reports from the National Cyber and Crypto Agency show that until 2020 cyber attacks in Indonesia have increased to reach 190 million cyber attacks. Function : This research provides an explanation of the urgency of the need for legislation that specifically regulates the protection of personal data. Novelty : There has not been any researches that study the same topic as that discussed in this article.

The Concept Of Adultery Post-Revision Of The Penal Code M. Junaidi; Resky Gustiandi Candra Imansyah
Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol. 3 No. 1 (2018): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/alahkam.v3i1.1344

Zina is an act that is prohibited by religion as well as by the state. Adultery is arranged in two rules; in Indonesia it is regulated in the Criminal Code called KUHP. For the case of adultery, it uses offense complaint, which means that it will only be processed criminal law if there is one spouse who reported this legal event. While in Islam, zina actions are regulated in the Qur'an and Hadith. The problems appeared when the article that regulates zina in the existing criminal code law will be revised its offense from the offense complaint becomes a general offense. This research is under normative research. The type of data in this study is secondary data which were collected by the study method library. The data collected were analyzed by qualitative descriptive method. The result shows that in the Islamic context of adultery, the reporting and proofing process requires only 4 witnesses and it must be seen by firsthand. Whereas in the draft amendment of the criminal law, the adultery will be regulated by general offense resulting in the proof that should be studied not only from the sociological aspect but also the theological aspect.

Gratification Reporting and Criminal Exemption: A Substantive Justice Perspective Hanifah Febriani; M. Junaidi; Devi Luluk Andriani
Corruptio Vol 6 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/corruptio.v6i1.4438

This article examines the legal framework of gratification reporting under Articles 12B and 12C of Indonesia’s Anti-Corruption Law through the lens of substantive justice. The law exempts public officials from criminal liability if they report gratification to the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) within 30 days, a provision intended to promote transparency but often exploited as a loophole to evade punishment. Using a normative legal method with a statutory approach and case analysis, the research highlights how this mechanism contradicts substantive criminal law and undermines the moral foundation of justice. Drawing on the theories of John Rawls, Amartya Sen, and Ronald Dworkin, the analysis shows that while the provision reflects formal justice, it fails to deliver substantive justice by disproportionately favoring those with legal knowledge and institutional power. The research concludes that Article 12C should be revised to require voluntary reporting before public or law enforcement awareness and within a stricter seven-day window, ensuring greater alignment with both formal and substantive justice.

Examining the Constitutional Court’s Positive Legislature Decisions in Indonesia's Hierarchy of Legal Norms Labib Muttaqin; Nunik Nurhayati; M. Junaidi; Rochman Hadi Mustofa; Amaylia Noor Alaysia
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 14, No. 2, December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v14i2.6410

ABSTRACT Purpose of the study: The objective of this research is to investigate the positive legislature decision of the Constitutional Court, whose hierarchy is ambiguous in the order of Indonesian legal norms. Methodology: This study utilized a doctrinal legal research method with a legal realism approach. The data were sourced from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The authors employed the literature study as the method to collect data that were then qualitatively analysed. Results: The results of this study indicate that from a formal perspective, the positive legislature decision is a court verdict that falls under the jurisdiction of the judicial branch of power. However, from a material perspective, it encompasses elements such as regulations (regeling) that are genuinely located within the executive and legislative branches of power. Considering the presence of norms (regeling) in the Positive Legislature Decision, it is necessary to evaluate its position within the hierarchy of legal norms in Indonesia. Applications of this study: Constitutional judges can use this research as a reference in making positive legislative decisions. It can also be used as a reference in forming laws as a follow-up to the Constitutional Court's decision. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research revealed that the Constitutional Court's positive legislature decision includes elements of legal norms, also known as regeling, such as statutory regulations. Consequently, it is imperative to evaluate the position of courtly decisions within the hierarchical structure of legal norms in Indonesia. It is also crucial to find the legal reasoning for the Constitutional Court's positive legislature decision. Keywords: Constitutional Court Decisions, Positive Legislature, Legal Norms, Legal Hierarchy ABSTRAK Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji putusan perundang-undangan positif Mahkamah Konstitusi yang hierarkinya masih rancu dalam tatanan norma hukum Indonesia. Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum doktrinal dengan pendekatan realisme hukum. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan yang kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari segi formil, putusan perundang-undangan positif merupakan putusan pengadilan yang berada di bawah yurisdiksi cabang kekuasaan yudikatif. Namun, dari segi materiil, putusan perundang-undangan positif mengandung unsur-unsur seperti peraturan perundang-undangan (regeling) yang secara hakiki berada di bawah cabang kekuasaan eksekutif dan legislatif. Melihat keberadaan norma (regeling) dalam Putusan Perundang-Undangan Positif, maka perlu dikaji kedudukannya dalam hierarki norma hukum di Indonesia. Aplikasi Penelitian: Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan acuan bagi hakim konstitusi dalam mengambil keputusan perundang-undangan positif. Dapat pula dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan sebagai tindak lanjut putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Kebaruan/Keaslian penelitian ini: Penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa putusan MK yang bersifat positif mengandung unsur norma hukum, yang juga dikenal dengan istilah regeling, seperti peraturan perundang-undangan. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mengevaluasi kedudukan putusan pengadilan dalam struktur hierarki norma hukum di Indonesia. Penting pula untuk menemukan alasan hukum di balik putusan MK yang bersifat positif tersebut. Kata Kunci: Putusan MK, Legislatif Positif, Norma Hukum, Hirarki Hukum

TANGGUNG JAWAB HOTEL TERHADAP KEHILANGAN BARANG TAMU SELAMA MENGINAP (STUDI KASUS HOTEL GRIYA WISATA MULYA DI KLATEN) Rafi’ Purnomo Cahyo Utomo; M. Junaidi
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i4.744

The hospitality industry is a service sector that plays a vital role in supporting the development of tourism and business activities. In the provision of hotel services, the legal relationship between the hotel and the guest extends beyond a mere provider-user dynamic; it also imposes an obligation on the hotel to ensure the security, comfort, and safety of guests and their belongings during their stay. However, in practice, incidents of lost guest property still frequently occur, leading to disputes regarding liability for such losses. The issue is further complicated by the fact that not all losses stem from hotel negligence; they may also result from the guest's own negligence or the use of standard contract clauses that limit or shift the hotel's liability. These circumstances necessitate a deeper examination of the nature of a hotel's legal liability for lost guest property under applicable Indonesian law. This study aims to analyze the hotel's legal liability for lost guest property based on Articles 1709 through 1713 of the Indonesian Civil Code which govern the liability of lodging operators regarding guest property and Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. Additionally, the study seeks to examine how this liability is implemented in resolving cases of lost property at Hotel Griya Wisata Mulya Klaten, as well as to identify the obstacles the hotel faces in providing legal protection to consumers and to propose solutions for enhancing the effectiveness of such protection. This research employs an empirical-juridical method with a normative approach. The juridical approach involves analyzing relevant statutory regulations concerning hotel liability and consumer protection, while the empirical approach entails directly observing the application of these legal provisions at Hotel Griya Wisata Mulya Klaten. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews with management, receptionists, and hotel staff, alongside observations of security systems and procedures for handling lost property incidents. Meanwhile, secondary data were obtained through a literature review comprising laws and regulations, legal texts, scholarly journals, internal hotel documents, Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), lost-property report forms, and other supporting documents. All data were analyzed qualitatively to gain insight into the alignment between legal provisions and actual practices in the field. The research findings indicate that Hotel Griya Wisata Mulya has implemented legal protection measures for guests through both preventive and repressive means. Preventive protection is realized by providing security facilities such as CCTV and in-room safes conducting security patrols, and implementing Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to maintain the security of the hotel premises. Meanwhile, repressive protection is carried out through mechanisms such as accepting loss reports, documenting loss incidents via official reports, reviewing CCTV footage, conducting internal investigations, and resolving disputes through deliberation and the provision of compensation if the loss is proven to stem from hotel negligence. An analysis of a case involving the loss of a guest's mobile phone on the hotel terrace revealed that the hotel bore no legal liability, as the loss resulted from the guest's own negligence in leaving valuables in a public area rather than utilizing the storage facilities provided by the hotel. The research also identified various obstacles in the implementation of legal protection, including limited surveillance systems in certain hotel areas, low guest awareness regarding the safeguarding of personal belongings, inconsistent employee understanding of the hotel's legal liabilities, and the continued use of standard contract clauses that potentially conflict with the provisions of the Consumer Protection Law. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the hotel's liability for the loss of guest property is not absolute; rather, it depends on establishing the cause of the loss, in accordance with the Civil Code and the Consumer Protection Law. The hotel is obligated to provide protection and compensation if a loss occurs due to its negligence, yet it may be absolved of liability if the loss results from the guest's own fault or negligence, or from force majeure. Therefore, enhancing security systems, eliminating standard clauses that disadvantage consumers, improving human resource competence, and refining dispute resolution mechanisms are necessary steps to ensure optimal legal protection for hotel service consumers and to provide legal certainty for both parties.

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