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EFFECT OF CYNAMMYLDEHYDE FROM CINNAMON EXTRACT AS A NATURAL PRESERVATIVE ALTERNATIVE TO THE GROWTH OF Staphylococcus aureus BACTERIA Winias, Saka
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol 2, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (631.678 KB)

Food is one of the best media for the microorganism to live and grow. Therefore, food is often broken because it has been contaminated by the microorganism. In industry country, approximately 30% of population infected by food borne disease. Food borne disease is caused of phatogen bacteria food borne. Staphylococus aureus is a kind of bacteria that can make food rotten and also it is a phatogen bacteria cause food born disease, no forming spora, positive gram bacteria and the food substance which is contaminated by Staphylococus aureus will cause poisoned becaused of enterotoxin which is heat resisting. Essential oil is antimicrobial and anti bacterial that the most effective, it can inhibit the growing of microba and bacteria. One of the example of essential oil is Cinnamon.sp oil. Cinnamon oil is antimcroba agent for bacteri and fungi because it contain cynammyldehyde and cynammyl alcohol and also eugenol. The aim of this study is to understand the antimcrobacterial potential of cynammyldehyde from cinnamon extract to Staphylococus aureus. This study is laboratory experimantal research. Essential oil from Cinnamon by destilation, then redistilation was done to get cynammyldehyde from cinnamon. Cynammyldehyde was tested to Staphylococus aureus. Test method was done as dilution in the form. From this result, it show that cynammyldehide from cinnamon extract has ability in inhibit the Staphylococus aureus growth. We can conclude that Cynammaldehyde from cinnamon extract has antibacterial effect especially for positive gram bacteria that is Staphylococcus aureus. The optimum inhibiting effort is 0.09%.

Scaffold combination of chitosan and collagen synthesized from chicken feet induces osteoblast and osteoprotegerin expression in bone healing process of mice Saka Winias; Diah Savitri Ernawati; Maretaningtias Dwi Ariani; Retno Pudji Rahayu
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 2 (2017): June 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Over 500.000 of the 2,3 million surgical treatments requiring bone grafting procedures that are performed annually are likely to be necessitated by or will result in bone defects that will not regenerate. Treatment to regenerate new tissues is needed, especially for hard tissue repair, which not only relies on a natural osseointegration process, but also requires a physical support to guide the differentiation and proliferation of cells into the targeted functional tissue. Chitosan and collagen extracted from chicken feet combinations are expected to enhance the bioactive surface and provide mechanical strength as a bone graft scaffold. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of chitosan and collagen scaffold synthesized from chicken feet applications to increase the expression of Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and osteoblast cells on the fourteenth day of bone healing. Methods: Eighteen three-month old, adult, male, Rattus novergicu strain rodents with a body weight ranging from 200-350 g were kept under controlled environmental conditions. The mice were randomly divided into three groups consisting of three subjects, each treated with collagen, chitosan, chitosancollagen combination (50:50) scaffolds. On the 14th post-treatment day, three members of each group were sacrificed. Examination of Osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression was conducted by means of immunohistochemistry staining with anti-OPG polyclonal antibodies. Meanwhile, osteoblast cell examination was performed by means of hematoxilin-eosin (HE) staining. Results: The mice treated with collagen and a chitosan-collagen combination scaffold presented an increase in the expression of Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and the number of osteoblast cells respectively. Conclusion: A combination of chitosan-collagen (50:50) scaffold extracted from chicken feet increased the expression of OPG and the number of osteoblasts in the bone healing process. The combination scaffolds demonstrated the highest OPG expression and number of osteoblasts compared to the other groups.

Hyperplasia of Wistar rat tongue mucosa due to exposure to cigarette side-stream smoke Nurina Febriyanti Ayuningtyas; Grahania Octaviono Mahardika; Bagus Soebadi; Adiastuti Endah Permadiati; Saka Winias; Hening Tuti Hendarti; Rosnah Binti Zain
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 52 No. 3 (2019): September 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v52.i3.p133-137

Background: Hyperplasia, a condition whereby an excessive number of cells are produced due to their uncontrolled division, represents a common symptom of carcinogenesis. Cancer is a physical manifestation of cell malignancy resulting from abnormal proliferation. Globally, oral cancer currently constitutes the sixth largest lethal form of the condition. The most common etiology of oral cancer is tobacco of which cigarettes are the most popular related product. The health risks associated with cigarette smoke not only affect active smokers but also individuals who ingest it passively. Sidestream smoke comes from the lighted end of a burning tobacco product such as a cigarette, pipe or cigar and contains nicotine and many harmful cancer-causing chemicals. Inhaling sidestream smoke increases the risk of lung and other types of cancer. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand how sidestream cigarette smoke initiates precancerous changes, in this case hyperplasia, in the oral mucosa epithelium of Wistar rats. Methods: The subjects were divided into three groups, a 4-week treatment group (P1), an 8-week treatment group (P2), and a control group (K), each consisting of ten subjects. The subjects were exposed to a daily two-cigarette dose of smoke. The experiment used a post-test only control group design. All samples were sacrificed during the fourth and eighth weeks. Haematoxylin-eosin staining was performed on the tongues of the Wistar rats to establish the presence of hyperplasia. Data was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test. Results: After the Wistar rats had been exposed to cigarette smoke, an increased degree of epithelial cell proliferation (hyperplasia) showed a significant difference with a p-value <0.05 during the eighth week. Conclusion: Exposure to cigarette sidestream smoke induces increased epithelial cell proliferation (hyperplasia) in Wistar rats.

Reccurent trauma-induced aphthous stomatitis in adjustment disorder patients Y. Yuliana; Saka Winias; Hening Tuti Hendarti; Bagus Soebadi
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 52 No. 3 (2019): September 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v52.i3.p163-167

Background: Adjustment disorder is a temporary psychological condition related to emotional responses or behaviour in reaction to stress resulting from certain changes in a specific period of an individual’s life yet which does not significantly affect his/her daily life. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) constitutes recurrent inflammation of the oral mucosa, in the form of an ulcer, frequently associated with psychological stress. Occasionally, a patient does not realise that she/he is suffering from a psychological disorder until the emergence of clinical symptoms, among them recurrent ulcers the causes of which are unknown. Purpose: This article presents a case of adjustment disorder diagnosed from symptoms observable in the oral cavity. Case: The case involved a 21-year-old student who presented with the symptoms of large, painful ulcers on her tongue, the inside of her cheek, and the floor of her mouth. These symptoms had been observable for one month but remained untreated. The patient only ate once a day or even once every two days. An introverted personality, she did not associate with other people. Case management: The procedure covered anamnesis, clinical examination, blood laboratory tests, total immunoglobulin E (IgE), an Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) test, bacterial and fungal culture in ulcus, questionnaire screening on psychological disorders, cortisol level examination and referral to a psychiatrist. Symptomatic therapy administered to the patient led to recovery of the ulcer in 29 days. Conclusion: RAS can be triggered by psychological stress which induces changes in the immune system and oral mucosa tissue.

Manajemen multidisiplin Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC): laporan kasus Ni Putu Riskayanti; Dahlia Riyanto; Saka Winias
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 2 (2021): (Available Online: 1 August 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer and represents more than 90% of all head and neck cancers. The etiology of OSCC is multifactorial. The uses of tobacco, heavy alcohol drinking, less consumption of vegetables and fruit, genetics, trauma and viruses are considered possible risk factors of the OSCC. This case study aims to evaluate the multidiscipline management of OSCC at Universitas Airlangga Dental and Oral Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.Case Presentation: This case report presents a 45-year-old female patient who came with chief complaints of ulcer on the lateral right of the tongue that persistent for 3 months ago. The patient also complained of pain when speaking, eating, swallowing, and the pain felt into the right head. The patient has no history of tobacco and alcohol consumption, but her sister has a history of breast cancer. No extraoral abnormalities were found. Intraoral examination results showed a single ulcer with induration on the lateral dextra of the tongue and diffuse pseudomembranous on the dorsal of the tongue. Based on history taking and clinical examination, the patient was suspected of OSCC. The management included debridement of the lesion, complete blood count, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and anatomical pathology examination. The patient has also been prescribed anesthetics, antiinflammation and antiseptic mouthwash. The patient was then referred to the head and neck oncologist for hemiglossectomy. Two months after the surgery, there is no complaint of the lateral right of the tongue. The patient also has no complaint about eating and swallowing.Conclusion: The dentist plays an important role in identifying OSCC. The early diagnosis and proper multidisciplinary management of OSCC could improve the prognosis of the case and the patient's life quality. Latar belakang: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) adalah jenis kanker mulut yang paling umum dan ditemukan hampir pada 90% dari semua kasus karsinoma di rongga mulut. Etiologi OSCC adalah multifaktorial. Penggunaan tembakau, konsumsi alkohol berlebihan, konsumsi sayur dan buah yang lebih sedikit, genetika, trauma dan virus dianggap sebagai faktor risiko OSCC. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi manajemen multidisipin OSCC pada Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut (RSGM) Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.Presentasi Kasus: laporan kasus ini menyajikan kasus seorang pasien wanita berusia 45 tahun yang datang dengan keluhan utama ulserasi pada lateral lidah kanan yang menetap sejak 3 bulan yang lalu. Pasien juga mengeluh nyeri saat berbicara, makan, menelan dan nyeri terasa di kepala kanan. Pasien tidak memiliki riwayat konsumsi tembakau dan alkohol tetapi saudara perempuannya memiliki riwayat kanker payudara. Tidak ditemukan kelainan ekstraoral. Hasil pemeriksaan intraoral menunjukkan ulser tunggal dengan indurasi pada lateral lidah dekstra dan pseudomembran difus pada dorsal lidah. Berdasarkan anamnesis dan pemeriksaan klinis, diagnosa sementara adalah OSCC. Penatalaksanaan meliputi debridement lesi, hitung darah lengkap, glukosa darah puasa, HbA1c, dan pemeriksaan patologi anatomi. Pasien juga diresepkan obat kumur anestetikum, antiinflamasi dan antiseptik. Pasien kemudian dirujuk ke Departemen Bedah Onkologi Kepala Leher untuk dilakukan hemiglosektomi. Dua bulan setelah operasi, tidak ada keluhan pada lidah pasien. Pasien juga tidak memiliki keluhan saat makan dan menelan.Simpulan: Dokter gigi memiliki peran yang penting dalam mengidentifikasi OSCC. Diagnosis dini dan manajemen multidisplin tepat dapat meningkatkan prognosis kasus dan kualitas hidup pasien.

Penanganan kandidiasis orofaring pada pasien Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) dengan nilai CD4 dibawah 10 sel/µL: laporan kasus Winda Dwi Malinda Masuku; Dian Angriany; Saka Winias; Adiastuti Endah Parmadiati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 2 (2021): (Available Online: 1 August 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: The oral manifestation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is an important indicator because it is a disorder that usually appears first when the immune system is suppressed. Oropharyngeal candidiasis is an opportunistic infection that most often occurs in people suffering from HIV infection or AIDS. It is also an important marker in immunosuppressed states with CD4 values below 200 cells/mm3. This case study aims to evaluate the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with HIV/AIDS with CD4 values below 10 cells/µLCase Presentation: A 30-year-old man complained of a thick and uncomfortable feeling in the entire oral cavity felt since 4 months ago. Clinical examination revealed multiple pseudomembranous, which were removed and left a reddish area at the base of most of the oral cavity to the pharynx. The results of the fungal examination showed that the hyphae were not insulated with the results of candida albicans culture, and the absolute CD4 value was 9 cells/µl. On the second visit, the patient admitted that he was HIV positive by bringing a reactive result on the 3-method anti-HIV examination conducted 3 months earlier. This case was handled by administering an antiseptic mouthwash, topical and systemic antifungal, and referred to the IHAN RSUA polyclinic for ARV therapy.Conclusion: The successful treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis, in this case, depends on integrated therapy between dentists and internists as well as patient compliance in following doctor's instructions. Latar Belakang: Manifestasi oral Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) menjadi indikator penting karena merupakan kelainan yang biasanya muncul pertama kali saat kondisi imun tersupresi. Kandidiasis orofaring merupakan suatu infeksi oportunistik yang paling sering terjadi pada orang yang menderita infeksi HIV atau AIDS. Hal ini juga disadari sebagai suatu pertanda penting pada keadaan imunosupresi dengan nilai CD4 dibawah 200 sel/mm3. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penanganan kandidiasis orofaring pada pasien (HIV/AIDS) dengan nilai CD4 dibawah 10 sel/µLPresentasi Kasus: Seorang laki-laki berusia 30 tahun mengeluhkan rasa tebal dan tidak nyaman pada seluruh rongga mulut yang dirasakan sejak 4 bulan yang lalu. Pemeriksaan klinis ditemukan pseudomembran multipel yang dapat dihapus dan meninggalkan area kemerahan di dasarnya pada hampir seluruh rongga mulut hingga ke faring. Hasil pemeriksaan jamur menunjukkan hyphae tidak bersekat dengan hasil biakan candida albicans, dan nilai CD4 absolut 9 cell/µl. Kunjungan kedua Pasien mengakui sebagai pengidap HIV dengan membawa hasil reaktif pada pemeriksaan anti-HIV 3 metode yang telah dilakukan 3 bulan sebelumnya. Penanganan kasus ini dengan pemberian antiseptik kumur, anti jamur topikal dan sistemik serta dirujuk ke poli IHAN RSUA untuk melakukan terapi ARV.Kesimpulan: Keberhasilan penanganan kandidiasis orofaringeal pada kasus ini bergantung pada terapi yang terintegrasi antara dokter gigi dan dokter penyakit dalam serta kepatuhan pasien dalam mengikuti instruksi dokter.

Knowledge of orofacial pain in students of the Dental Professional Program Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Desvia Nuzela Qurzani Hariyadi; Ari Hapsari Tri Wardani; Saka Winias; Fatma Yasmin Mahdani; Adiastuti Endah Parmadiati; Nurina Febriyanti Ayuningtyas; Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo
Dental Journal Vol. 56 No. 1 (2023): March 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i1.p36-40

Background: Orofacial pain is associated with the hard and soft tissues of the head, face, and neck. Knowledge of orofacial pain helps in getting information on clinical symptoms, trigger factors, and risks of orofacial pain, as well as clinical and supportive examinations for identifying the pain. The dental professional students’ knowledge influences the ability to diagnose and decide on an appropriate treatment plan. This knowledge is seen from the intelligence level in obtaining information about orofacial pain. Purpose: To describe the level of knowledge of orofacial pain in the students of the Dental Professional Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, based on intelligence level. Methods: This research was a descriptive study. Data was taken using a questionnaire on google form with a simple random sampling data technique and was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: The majority understand the general description of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), as well as the risk factors and triggers (93.4% and 87.8%, respectively) associated with it. Further, 90.6% understand burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and the clinical symptoms of PHN. BMS based on clinical examination and support is understood by 96.1%, and 82.9% know how to manage trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Intelligence level is divided into three categories, namely source of knowledge (55.8% are from lectures, journals, and textbooks), material repetition (77.3% never repeated), and retention of material (65.2% no retention). Conclusion: Students’ knowledge of orofacial pain is good, but the relationship between the level of intelligence and knowledge is not yet known.

EFFECT OF CYNAMMYLDEHYDE FROM CINNAMON EXTRACT AS A NATURAL PRESERVATIVE ALTERNATIVE TO THE GROWTH OF Staphylococcus aureus BACTERIA Winias, Saka
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 2 No. 1 (2011)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Food is one of the best media for the microorganism to live and grow. Therefore, food is often broken because it has been contaminated by the microorganism. In industry country, approximately 30% of population infected by food borne disease. Food borne disease is caused of phatogen bacteria food borne. Staphylococus aureus is a kind of bacteria that can make food rotten and also it is a phatogen bacteria cause food born disease, no forming spora, positive gram bacteria and the food substance which is contaminated by Staphylococus aureus will cause poisoned becaused of enterotoxin which is heat resisting. Essential oil is antimicrobial and anti bacterial that the most effective, it can inhibit the growing of microba and bacteria. One of the example of essential oil is Cinnamon.sp oil. Cinnamon oil is antimcroba agent for bacteri and fungi because it contain cynammyldehyde and cynammyl alcohol and also eugenol. The aim of this study is to understand the antimcrobacterial potential of cynammyldehyde from cinnamon extract to Staphylococus aureus. This study is laboratory experimantal research. Essential oil from Cinnamon by destilation, then redistilation was done to get cynammyldehyde from cinnamon. Cynammyldehyde was tested to Staphylococus aureus. Test method was done as dilution in the form. From this result, it show that cynammyldehide from cinnamon extract has ability in inhibit the Staphylococus aureus growth. We can conclude that Cynammaldehyde from cinnamon extract has antibacterial effect especially for positive gram bacteria that is Staphylococcus aureus. The optimum inhibiting effort is 0.09%.

Particle size analysis of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) skin collagen powder using papain-soluble collagen method with varying NaCl concentrations: an experimental laboratory Fatryana, Destya Arizha; Rahmitasari, Fitria; Nanik K., Chaterina Diyah; Rizal, Moh. Basroni; Winias, Saka
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 36, No 2 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol36no2.54588

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The skin of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) contains high protein, which could potentially be a halal collagen product. Collagen extraction using the papain-soluble collagen method has the advantage of producing a higher collagen yield compared to the acid method. Particle size, one of the physical properties of collagen, plays a crucial role in its efficacy in dentistry. This study aims to analyze the particle size of collagen powder synthesized from Thunnus albacares skin using the papain-soluble collagen method, with varying concentrations of NaCl. Methods: Type of research is an experimental laboratory. Thunnus albacares skin was synthesized by chopping, cleaning, and soaking in a 0.1 M NaOH solution. The extraction process used the enzyme papain and 0.5 M of acetic acid. Samples were divided into four groups, each with different concentrations of NaCL: 0, no NaCL;, 0.9 M NaCl, 1.3 M NaCl, and 1.7 M NaCl. After centrifugation, the samples were freeze-dried. The particle size of collagen powder was measured using a Particle Size Analyzer test tool. The data collected was then analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: Particle size distributions are as follows: K group (3.36 nm), P1 (1.842 nm), P2 (3.36 nm), and P3 (10.12 nm). There is a significant difference in groups K-P1 and P3, P1-P2 and P3, and P2-P3 (p<0.05). However, there is no significant difference in groups K-P2 (p>0.05). Conclusion: Particle size of this research produced nano-sized collagen powder, with the lowest particle size observed in the 0.9 M NaCl group, measuring at 1.842 nm. The particle size increased in the group without NaCl and in the 1.3 M NaCl group at 3.36 nm, and reached the highest value in the 1.7 M NaCl group at 10.12 nm.

Management of acute pseudomembranous candidiasis with angular cheilitis in diabetic patient Winias, Saka; Hadi, Priyo; Prasetya, Shakira Garini; Sinaga, Angelica Joyce Yokhebeth
Science Midwifery Vol 13 No 2 (2025): June: Health Sciences and related fields
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/midwifery.v13i2.1980

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is being increasingly documented even in developing countries. C. albicans infection is frequently found in diabetic patients. Diabetics and the ‘poorly controlled patients are considered as immunocompromised, though it is not easy to characterise the immunologic deficiencies clearly. Since infection is mostly preceded by colonization. The risk factors that increased the risk of Candida carriage in diabetic patients with DM were a higher age and a higher HbA1c level (poor regulation of DM). The purpose of this study is to report the management of Acute Pseudomembranous Candidiasis with Angular Cheilitis in diabetic patients. A 51-year-old lady complained of dryness and pain in the corner of the mouth, recurrence within 2 years after she had been diagnosed diabetic, which had worsened in the last two weeks. The corner of the mouth showed a fissure with reddish area. Oral mucosa showed multiple yellow-white pseudomembranous. The patient was prescribed antiseptic mouthwash and an antifungal oral suspension, which should be applied to the lesion 3-4 times daily. Ketoconazole, as a systemic antifungal, was given 200 mg/day. The laboratory test showed an increase in leucocytes cells count, monocytes, and ESR. A direct mycological examination and culture observation Candida albicans was performed. Referral to an internist to manage her systemic condition. This study concludes that immune dysfunctions in diabetics is contribute to the pathogenesis of Oral Candidiasis and Angular Cheilitis, which may lead to optimum treatment.

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