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All Journal Medikora: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Olahraga Jurnal Psikologi Jurnal Sosioteknologi Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology Jurnal Pengukuran Psikologi dan Pendidikan Indonesia (JP3I) Jurnal Psikologi Sosial ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal G-Couns: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Psychological Research on Urban Society Jurnal Psikologi Universitas Gadjah Mada Buletin Psikologi
Hamdi Muluk
Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia
Religion Arts Humanities Education Engineering Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Responses of Religion and Science to the Threats of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: [Respon Agama dan Sains Terhadap Ancaman Pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia] Kurniawan, Wawan; Hudiyana, Joevarian; Muluk, Hamdi
ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal Vol 37 No 2 (2022): ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal (Vol. 37, No. 2, 2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24123/aipj.v37i2.4913

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented various responses in society. A number of individuals have believed in its existence and conducted health protocols properly, but there are also those who have done the opposite. During a pandemic, belief in science influences actions and responses in society. However, individuals often do not believe in scientific findings, such as the existence of the virus causing the COVID-19 pandemic (SARS-CoV-2). A number of previous studies have often assumed that science is in conflict with religion. But is religion truly the opposite of science? This article aims to look at the role of belief in science in Indonesian society, in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, and is hoped to be read by various parties such as the general public, scientists, to policymakers. Furthermore, this article may help in understanding the position of science and religion under certain conditions, while also being able to examine the differences in responses that occur. In Indonesia, religion and science have not been at odds in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. The two each have their respective roles in providing explanations of the problems that have occured. However, there are groups of religious fundamentalists and their perception in viewing science that require attention in further studies. Pandemi COVID-19 menghadirkan berbagai respon di masyarakat. Beberapa individu percaya akan keberadaannya dan melakukan protokol kesehatan dengan baik, akan tetapi ada pula yang melakukan hal sebaliknya. Pada masa pandemi, keyakinan terhadap sains (belief in science) memberi pengaruh pada tindakan serta tanggapan masyarakat. Akan tetapi, individu kerap tidak percaya dengan temuan ilmiah, seperti halnya tentang keberadaan virus penyebab pandemi COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). Sejumlah studi sebelumnya seringkali menganggap bahwa sains bertentangan dengan agama. Namun, apakah agama adalah faktor yang memang berkebalikan dengan sains? Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melihat peran belief in science pada masyarakat Indonesia dalam merespon pandemi COVID-19, dan diharapkan dapat dibaca oleh berbagai kalangan seperti masyarakat awam, ilmuwan, hingga pembuat kebijakan. Selain itu, artikel ini dapat membantu memahami posisi sains dan agama dalam kondisi tertentu, serta mampu menelaah perbedaan respon yang terjadi. Di Indonesia, agama dan sains tidak berseberangan dalam merespon kondisi pandemi COVID-19. Kedua hal tersebut memiliki perannya masing-masing dalam memberikan penjelasan atas permasalahan yang terjadi. Walaupun demikian, terdapat kelompok fundamentalisme agama dan persepsinya atas sains yang patut mendapat perhatian dalam studi selanjutnya.
Why Do People Hate Other Groups? The Role of Perceived Threat as Mediator The Effect of Group Identification Toward Group Based Hatred Nurhamida, Yuni; Muluk, Hamdi; Milla, Mirra Noor
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 27, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the formation of group-based hatred in the context of latent conflict, as previous studies have predominantly explored the consequences of hatred in intractable conflicts. Group identification was hypothesized to lead to hatred of another group through perceived threat as a mediator, with the types of threat formulated from historical conflict narratives. The research context was the latent Muslim-PKI conflict in Indonesia. Realistic feelings of threat are formulated based on the narrative that the PKI (Indonesian Communist Party) is perceived to be resurging and trying to change the foundation of the state into communism. Symbolic threat comes from the narrative that PKI resurgence aims to spread communist ideology. This study surveyed 508 Muslim Indonesian citizens aged at least 18 years. The results indicated that perceived realistic and symbolic threats fully mediated the influence of group identification as Muslims on hatred towards PKI. Consistent with the hypothesis, the results demonstrated that hatred can also occur in the context of latent conflict, with perceived threat mediating the relationship between group identification and group-based hatred, and the types of threat were rooted in the historical conflict.
Co-Authors Andina Mega Larasati Arham, Muhammad Arifin, Haykal Hafizul Ariyanto, Amarina Bagus Takwin Etikariena, Arum Farhah, Irsyad Ilmi Amalia Istiqomah Joevarian Joevarian Johan Wahyudi Mirra Noor Milla Mirra Noor Milla Muhammad Abdan Shadiqi Muhammad Reza Satya Puteri, Ni Made Martini Satya, Muhammad Reza Ulum, Wildan Rusdaul Wawan Kurniawan Yuni Nurhamida Yustisia, Whinda