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Journal : Yustisia

YURISDIKSI INTERNASIONAL PENANGGULANGAN PEROMPAKAN dI LAUT LEPAS Asri - dwi Utami; Siti Muslimah; Ayub Torry Satriyo Kusumo
Yustisia Vol 3, No 1: April 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v3i1.10130

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AbstractThis research aims to determine the jurisdiction concerning piracy on the high seas by international law. This research is a legal research with prescriptive characteristic use a statute approach and conceptual approach. The legal sources used are primary and secondary materials later are analyzed by a deductive method and legal interpretation. The results show that there has been international law rules which can be used as the basis for all states to apply their jurisdiction to the piracy. These rules are the convention on the high Seas 1958 (chS 1958), United Nations convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNcLOS 1982), and the convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Maritime Navigation 1988 (SUA 1988). Instead of these international rules, some codes and guidances concerning combating piracy are also concluded by international organizations.Keywords : International Jurisdiction, Piracy, Law of The SeaAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan yurisdiksi terhadap perompakan di laut lepas menurut hukum internasional. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum yang bersifat preskriptif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara deduktif dan menggunakan interpretasi hukum. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa terdapat aturan-aturan hukum internasional yang dapat digunakan sebagai yurisdiksi untuk penegakan perompakan yaitu convention on the high seas 1958 (CHS 1958), United Nations convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 1982), convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Maritime Navigation 1988 (SUA 1988), dan beberapa pedoman dan aturan yang dikeluarkan oleh organisasi internasional untuk penegakan perompakan.Katakunci : yurisdiksi Internasional, Perompakan, Hukum Laut Internasional
ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA WILAYAH LAUT INDONESIA-MALAYSIA Ayub Torry Satriyo Kusumo; Handojo Leksono
Yustisia Vol 2, No 1: April 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v2i1.11080

Abstract

AbstractThis study discusses alternative resolutions on maritime boundary dispute between Indonesia and Malay- sia. It was based on a legal research, which used statutes and case approach. The research materials were collected by literature study and analyzed by applying the interpretation analysis technique.The result shows that the alternative resolutions of Indonesia-Malaysia border dispute can be carried out through several mechanisms. First, by referring to the UNCLOS 1982, through Bilateral Mutual Agreement on drawing an equidistant line using the equity principle and considering relevant circumstances. Second, by means of ASEAN; and third, by means of International Court of Justice mechanism regarding the equitable principle and relevant circumstances.Keywords: the outermost islands, border management, maritime dispute settlement, archipelagic state ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas alternatif penyelesaian sengketa batas maritim antara Indonesia dan Malaysia. Kajian ini berdasarkan penelitian hukum dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan kasus. Pengumpulan bahan hukum melalui studi kepustakaan dan dianalisis dengan teknik analisis interpretasi hukum. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan alternatif penyelesaian sengketa batas wilayah Indonesia-Malaysia dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa cara. Pertama, mengacu pada UNCLOS 1982 melalui Bilateral Mutual Agree- ment dalam menarik garis sementara yang menggunakan prinsip sama jarak dan mempertimbangkan faktor yang relevan, kedua,  melalui mekanisme ASEAN, dan ketiga, melalui mekanisme Mahkamah Internasional dengan mengedepankan equitable principle dan relevant circumstances.Kata kunci : Pulau-pulau terluar, pengelolaan batas wilayah, penyelesaian sengketa maritim, negara kepulauan
Legal and Health Protection for Creative Economy Actors during The Covid-19 Pandemic Andina Elok Puri Maharani; Evi Gravitiani; Niniek Purwaningtyas; Tika Andarasni Parwitasari; Ayub Torry Satriyo Kusumo; Heri Hartanto; Kusmadewi Eka Damayanti
Yustisia Vol 10, No 2: August 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v10i2.49975

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This research examined Covid-19 from the perspective of legal and health protection by regional governments. Generally, regional governments are at the front line in protecting communities in this autonomy era due to their constitutional obligations. Data also shows that the creative economy actors in the micro, small, and medium business sector constitute over 90% of the workforce, necessitating their protection. This research used empirical-juridical research with an interdisciplinary approach examined the legislation and the community's reality. A Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted with relevant stakeholders and creative economy business actors in Surakarta, Bandung, and Madiun cities. Furthermore, concepts of legal, health, and economic theories were reviewed to formulate a regional government policy draft regarding these business actors during the Covid-19 emergency. The results showed an existing form of legal protection regulation related to health and the economy at the national level. However, three big cities (Bandung, Madiun, and Surakarta) representing three provinces  as research objects are yet to provide regional regulations concerning protection for creative economy actors, though the local government has encouraged an increase in their activities
Alternatif atas Pemberlakuan Hukum Humaniter Internasional dalam Konflik Bersenjata Melawan Islamic State of Iraq and Syria Ayub Torry Satriyo Kusumo; Kukuh Tejomurti
Yustisia Vol 4, No 3: December 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v4i3.8696

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AbstractRecently, there is a shift in armed conflict in the world from the conflicts among states or between state and belligerent into the conflict which happened across nations’ border, such as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). The ISIS is a non-state actor, which consequently means that the conflicts cannot be properly categorized into international armed conflict. As the consequence, the international humanitarian law cannot be put into practice. The alternative solution is to apply the Martens Clause by paying an ultimate appreciation of fundamental principles of international humanitarian law for the sake of humanity and human rights. AbstrakDewasa ini telah terjadi pergeseran subyek konflik bersenjata yang semula terjadi antar-negara atau antara negara dengan pemberontak menjadi konflik lintas-batas negara seperti Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). Status ISIS dalam hukum internasional bukan sebagai negara melainkan sebagai aktor non negara (non-state actor). Perang melawan ISIS tidak termasuk ke dalam konflik bersenjata internasional karena tidak memenuhi kriteria berdasarkan Konvensi Jenewa Tahun 1949 dan Protokol Tambahan I Tahun 1977. Hal ini sangat mungkin memunculkan kesulitan pemberlakukan HHI. Sebagai alternatifnya, penerapan Martens Clause dapat dilakukan, yaitu dengan menghormati prinsip-prinsip fundamental yang menjadi dasar hukum humaniter internasional demi penghargaan terhadap kemanusiaan dan hak asasi manusia.
REFORMASI BIROKRASI PERPAJAKAN SEBAGAI USAHA PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN NEGARA DARI SEKTOR PAJAK Pranoto Pranoto; Ayub Torry Satriyo Kusumo
Yustisia Vol 5, No 2: August 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v5i2.8756

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Abstractof the Community Compliance of Paying Taxes. Taxes, based on Act no. 28 Year 2007 are compulsory contributions to the State which are indebted by individual or organization body, obliged based on Act, without any direct compensation, and spent by the state for the most prosperity of the community. There are a lot of the tax functions, such as infrastructure maintenance and education management. Thus, the augmentation of awareness in paying taxes can be done through the formal education. This research was an empirical research, using the primary and secondary data. The result showed that the State revenue can be increased from the taxes as one of it means. To be more effective, a bureaucratic reform on and contact center are made available. There is also a need to improve the awareness and willingness to pay taxes from the very beginning. It is proposed to elaborate the material of taxation in formal education curriculum to inculcate the awareness of paying taxes from the early stage. AbstrakPerhatian utama dari artikel ini adalah , Pertama , menggambarkan modernisasi pajak ; dan Kedua, membangun model Kepatuhan Komunitas Membayar Pajak . Pajak , berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2007 adalah pungutan wajib kepada negara yang terhutang oleh individu atau organisasi badan hukum , wajib berdasarkan Undang-Undang , tanpa kompensasi langsung , dan menghabiskan oleh negara untuk sebagian besar kesejahteraan masyarakat . Ada banyak fungsi pajak , seperti pemeliharaan infrastruktur dan operasi pendidikan . Dengan demikian , augmentasi kesadaran dalam membayar pajak dapat dilakukan melalui pendidikan formal. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian empiris , dengan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa praktik modernisasi dan reformasi di bidang perpajakan. Hal ini didukung dengan pembangunan kurikulum yang meliputi soal perpajakan untuk pendidikan dasar dan menengah . Realisasi kesadaran untuk membayar pajak adalah tugas kolektif dari pemerintah , masyarakat , serta pemangku kepentingan terkait. 
PERLINDUNGAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA PENGUNGSI INTERNASIONAL Ayub Torry Satriyo Kusumo
Yustisia Vol 1, No 2: August 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v1i2.10642

Abstract

AbstractRefugees are a group of people who were forced to leave the country because of very threatening fear. Fear is often due to natural disasters or conflict. In countries receiving refugees, they often experience inhumane treatment such as rape, assault, discrimination, repatriated by force, those lead to the violation of human rights. There has been regulation for human rights in refugee issues both internationally and regionally, for instance Convention related to Status of Refugee 1951 and The Protocol related to the Status of Refugee 1967. There are at least five basic rights of refugees, they are the right to be protected from returning to the country of origin forcibly (non refoulement), the right to seek asylum, the right to obtain equality and non-discrimination, the right to live and to be secured, as well as the right to return home.  AbstrakPengungsi adalah kelompok orang yang dipaksa untuk meninggalkan suatu negara karena takut yang sangat mengancam, dapat disebabkan oleh bencana alam atau konflik. Di negara-negara penerima, pengungsi sering mengalami perlakuan tidak manusiawi seperti perkosaan, penganiayaan, diskriminasi, dipulangkan secara paksa yang mengarah pada pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Ada pihak-pihak yang telah menetapkan hak asasi manusia dalam masalah pengungsi baik internasional maupun regional, seperti Konvensi Status Pengungsi dari tahun 1951 dan Protokol yang berkaitan dengan Status Pengungsi 1967. Setidaknya ada lima hak dasar pengungsi, yaitu hak atas perlindungan dari kembali ke negara asal secara paksa (refoulement non), hak untuk mencari suaka, hak untuk mendapatkan kesetaraan dan non-diskriminasi, hak untuk hidup dan keamanan, serta hak untuk pulang.