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All Journal Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Nuklir Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology) Simetris Jurnal Dampak Jurnal Sains & Teknologi Lingkungan Jurnal Purifikasi International Journal of Community Service Learning Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Research of Environmental Science and Engineering Devotion: Journal of Research and Community Service Journal of Social Research Journal Of World Science INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Katharina Oginawati
Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, ITB Ganesha 10, Bandung, Indonesia
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PENGARUH PAPARAN INSEKTISIDA ORGANOKLORIN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KADAR THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH) PETANI PENYEMPROT DI KECAMATAN KERTASARI, KABUPATEN BANDUNG Maulidiniawati, Nurika; Oginawati, Katharina
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 22, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (295.427 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/j.tl.2016.22.2.8

Abstract

Abstrak: Penggunaan insektisida dalam kegiatan pertanian saat ini sering kali dilakukan oleh para petani untuk mencapai hasil pertanian yang tahan terhadap serangan hama serangga. Salah satu insektisida yang luas dipergunakan di Indonesia adalah insektisida golongan organoklorin. Insektisida organoklorin bersifat persisten baik itu di lingkungan maupun di dalam tubuh makhluk hidup yang terpapar. Paparan jangka panjang insektisida organoklorin akan memberikan dampak perubahan pada kesehatan pada petani penyemprot, salah satunya adalah gangguan pada tiroid. Gangguan pada tiroid ini adalah berupa perubahan pada kadar Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap petani penyemprot berkelamin laki-laki di Kecamatan Kertasari, Kabupaten Bandung. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada pagi hari saat petani melakukan aktivitas penyemprotan insektisida menggunakan pad sampling untuk paparan dermal. Makalah ini memaparkan konsentrasi organoklorin yang memapari petani penyemprot yang kemudian dikonversikan menjadi akumulasi intake untuk melihat faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap besar intake yang diterima petani selama menjadi petani penyemprot. Pada makalah ini juga dipaparkan faktor-faktor apa saja yang dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan kadar TSH petani di dalam darah akibat paparan yang terjadi terus menerus dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Dari hasil pengolahan data diperoleh bahwa faktor yang paling berpengaruh dan memiliki hubungan yang kuat terhadap peningkatan kadar TSH adalah intake organoklorin jenis lindan yang masuk ke dalam tubuh petani (pr=0,656, sig=0,000). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa paparan insektisida organoklorin dapat menimbulkan efek kronis pada kesehatan berupa penyakit hipotiroid pada petani penyemprot. Kata kunci: insektisida, organoklorin, paparan dermal, intake, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Abstract: The use of insecticides in agriculture is now often done by farmers to achieve sustainable agriculture against insect pests. One insecticide widely used in Indonesia is a class of organochlorine insecticides. Organochlorine insecticides are persistent both in the environment and in the bodies of living things are exposed. Long term exposure to organochlorine insecticides will have an impact on the health changes on sprayer farmers, one of which is a thyroid disorder. Thyroid disorder is in the form of changes in the levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). This research was conducted on spraying farmers in Kertasari district, Bandung regency. Sampling was taken in the morning when farmers do insecticide spraying activity using pad sampling to check dermal exposure. This paper describes organochlorine concentration which exposes spraying farmers and then converted to the accumulation of the intake to see which factors most affect intake that is received by farmers during spraying. This paper also described the factors that can affect TSH levels in the farmers blood due to organochlorine exposure that occur continuously in the long term. Obtained from the processing of the data that the most influential factor and the factor that has a strong relationship to the increasing of TSH levels was lindane intake that enters into the body of the farmers (pr = 0.656, sig = 0.000). This means that exposure of organochlorine insecticides can cause chronic effects such as hypothyroid disease on spraying farmers. Keywords: insecticide, organochlorine, dermal exposure, intake, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
IDENTIFIKASI DAN DISTRIBUSI PENCEMAR PESTISIDA ORGANOKLORIN PADA UDARA AMBIEN DI DAERAH PERTANIAN HULU SUNGAI CITARUM Prananditya, Rahardrian; Oginawati, Katharina
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 22, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1313.695 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/j.tl.2016.22.1.8

Abstract

Abstrak: Pestisida merupakan salah satu pencemar yang berasal dari kegiatan pertanian. Salah satu golongan pestisida yang sering digunakan adalah pestisida organoklorin. Beberapa pestisida organoklorin termasuk dalam kelompok persistent organic pollutants (POP?s) yang merupakan jenis pencemar yang dipermasalahkan di seluruh dunia akibat sifatnya yang kronis, persisten dan bioakumulatif. Meskipun penggunaan pestisida ini sudah dilarang  di Indonesia,  namun masih banyak petani yang menggunakannya, termasuk di daerah hulu Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Citarum, Jawa Barat. Penelitian/pengambilan data terutama akan difokuskan pada wilayah perkebunan, dikarenakan di wilayah perkebunan kuantitas pemakaian pestisida paling banyak digunakan, mengingat komoditas tanaman perkebunan yang ada di wilayah ini sangat rentan terkena hama. Pengambilan sampling dilakukan berdasarkan metode penentuan pestisida di udara ambien, menggunakan High Volume Sampler dan dianalisis dengan metode Gas Kromatografi (EPA Methods T04). Parameter organoklorin yang diukur yaitu Lindan, Heptaklor, Aldrin, Endosulfan, DDT, Dieldrin, dan Endrin. Penentuan lokasi titik sampling ditentukan berdasarkan 3 kriteria: dekat dengan sumber, jarak 50 meter dari sumber, dan jarak 100 meter dari sumber. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan konsentrasi organoklorin terdeteksi pada kisaran 0 ? 0,119 mg/m3 std untuk fase partikulat dan 0 ? 0,183 mg/m3 std untuk fase gas, dengan 1 parameter Endrin melebihi baku mutu. Penyebaran organoklorin dianalisis dan dibuat peta penyebaran/pemodelan spray dengan metode dispersi atmosfer berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis. Penyebaran organoklorin di udara dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor  meteorologis seperti angin, temperatur, tekanan, kelembapan, serta faktor  ukuran partikel pestisida yang disemprotkan Kata kunci: DAS Citarum, high volume sampler, organoklorin. Abstract : Pesticides are one of the pollutants that come from agricultural activities. One of themthat commonly used  is organochlorine pesticide. Some organochlorine pesticides belong to persistent organic pollutants (POP?s) which is a type of pollutant at issue all over the world due to its chronic, persistent and bioaccumulative character. Although the use of this pesticide has been already banned in Indonesia, there are still farmers who use this pesticide especially in the headwaters of Citarum watershed, West Java. Research / data sampling will primarily be focused on the plantation areas because the large use of pesticides in these areas due to highly-vulnerable commodity. Sampling method isrefers toDetermination of Pesticide in Ambient Air using High Volume Sampler and analyzedwith Gas Chromatographic method (EPA Methods T04). Parameters measured are Lindan, Heptaklor, Aldrin, Endosulfan, DDT, Dieldrin, and Endrin. Determining the location of the sampling point is determined by three criteria: close to the source, a distance of 50 meters from the source, and the distance of 100 meters from the source. The measurement results showed concentrations of organochlorines were detected in the range of 0 to 0.119 mg/m3 std for particulate phase and 0 to 0.183 mg/m3 std for the gas phase, with 1 parameter Endrin exceeds quality standards. Organochlorines spreading was analyzed and converted into spray modeling with the method of atmospheric dispersion based on Geographic Information System. Spreading of organochlorines on air is affected by meteorological factors such as windspeed and direction, temperature, pressure, humidity, and also particle size of spray drift. Key words: ambient, DAS Citarum, high volume sampler, organochlorine.
ANALISIS PAPARAN BTX TERHADAP PEKERJA DI PT. PERTAMINA RU IV CILACAP Indrawan, Dwito; Oginawati, Katharina
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 20, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1217.667 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/jtl.2014.20.2.4

Abstract

Abstrak: Perusahaan Pertambangan Minyak dan Gas Bumi Negara (PERTAMINA) merupakan suatu perusahaan milik Negara yang bergerak dalam bidang perminyakan. Produk yang dihasilkan oleh kilang ini antara lain paraxylene, LPG, rafinat, heavy aromatic, dan benzena. Beberapa senyawa kimia yang sering terdeteksi di kilang ini antara lain H2S, NH3, Metil Etil Keton (MEK), klorin, merkuri, dan Benzene Toluene Xylene (BTX). Efek kesehatan akut yang umum terjadi akibat paparan BTX adalah terganggunya sistem syaraf pusat (SSP). Gejala-gejala terganggunya sistem syaraf ini antara lain mual, muntah, pusing, dan sakit kepala. Bila terpapar dengan konsentrasi yang cukup tinggi maka dapat timbul gejala seperti gemetar, lemas, gangguan pada tekanan darah, sakit kepala pusing tiba-tiba, vertigo, muntah, dehidrasi hingga kematian. Efek kronis paparan BTX dapat merusak sistem organ tertentu. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 40 orang pekerja yang dianggap terpapar. Data Primer yang akan diambil meliputi dosis kandungan BTX tertinggi yang terinhalasi pada pekerja, sampel urin, parameter fisika, penyebaran kuesioner, dan wawancara pada pekerja. Data sekunder yang akan digunakan adalah data monitoring dari PT. Pertamina RU IV Cilacap. Prosedur pengambilan dan analisis sampel udara dan breathing zone mengacu pada NIOSH 1501 (Hydrocarbons, Aromatic). Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis sampel urin mengacu pada NIOSH 8301. Paparan inhalasi pekerja masih berada di bawah ambang batas yang telah ditentukan pemerintah. Pada Unit KPC, intake benzene yang tertinggi adalah 0,1515 ppm, pada Laboratorium 0,2850 ppm, dan pada bagian Administrasi adalah 0,0230 ppm.  Nilai CDI  tertinggi ditemukan pada pekerja di bagian Laboratorium dengan nilai sebesar 0.0187 mg/kg.day. Terdapat korelasi antara CDI dengan konsenrasi fenol pada pekerja. Sebanyak 15 pekerja memiliki HI > 1, yang berarti bahwa paparan dosis benzene terhadap pekerja memiliki potensi untuk membahayakan kesehatan pekerja. Kata kunci: BTX, benzene, toluene, xylene, analisis paparan Abstract : Perusahaan Pertambangan Minyak dan Gas Bumi Negara (Pertamina) is a state-owned company engaged in the oil business. The products produced by this company include paraxylene, LPG, rafinat, heavy aromatics, and benzene. Some chemical compounds that are often detected at the refinery include H2S, NH3, Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), chlorine, mercury, and Benzene Toluene Xylene (BTX). Acute effect caused by BTX exposure that usually happens to human is affected central nervous system (CNS). The symptoms are nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and headache. If human get exposed with high concentration, then they will experience shaking, limp, blood pressure disruption, headache, instant dizziness, vertigo, vomiting, dehydration, death. Chronic effect from BTX exposure can harm certain organ system. This research was conducted to 40 workers who were considered to be exposed by BTX. Primary data that was taken included the highest BTX compound dosage inhaled by workers, urine sample, physical parameters, questionnaire, and interview to workers. Secondary data that was used was environmental monitoring data from PT. Pertamina RU IV Cilacap. Sampling procedure and analysis for breathing zone refered to NIOSH 1501 (Hydrocarbons, Aromatic). Method that was used to analyze urine sample refered to NIOSH 8301. Inhalation exposured to workers were stiil below the threshold that was set by the govenrment. The highest benzene intake in KPC Unit was 0.1515 ppm, in Laboratory was 0.2850 ppm, and in Administration was 0.0230 ppm. The highest CDI value in workers was found in the Laboratory with the value of 0.0187 mg/kg.day. There was correlation between CDI and phenol concentration in workers. There were 15 workers who had HI > 1, that means the benzene dosage exposure to workers his potential to harmworkers? health. Key words: BTX, benzene, toluene, xylene, exposure analysis
ANALISA KINERJA FAKTOR KEBERHASILAN SISTEM MANAJEMEN LINGKUNGAN KEGIATAN INDUSTRI MINYAK DENGAN PENDEKATAN INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENT PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM (IEPMS) – AHP Abrori, Reiza Fandrio; Oginawati, Katharina
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 24, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

 Abstrak: Sistem manajemen lingkungan menjadi fokus utama dalam upaya melindungi lingkungan saat ini. Untuk itu diperlukan analisa kinerja faktor keberhasilan dalam implementasi sistem manajemen lingkungan pada lingkup perusahaan agar dapat menjadi sebuah penilaian dan pengukuran terhadap faktor yang sudah baik atau terdapat faktor yang perlu dilakukan pembenahan. Daerah penelitian yang ditinjau adalah perusahaan Migas yang telah memiliki sistem manajemen lingkungan, atau bahkan telah mendapat sertifikasi ISO 14001. Ditetapkan beberapa faktor kinerja yang akan ditentukan dengan pendekatan Integrated Environment Performance Measurement System (IEPMS) dalam mengidentifikasi Key Enviromental Performance Indicator (KEPI). Untuk menyusun hierarki model dan mendapatkan bobot setiap KEPI digunakan Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) dalam mengolah data kuesioner perbandingan berpasangan sehingga dapat ditentunkan bobot kepentingan KEPI. Untuk selanjutnya dapat dilakukan pengukuran dengan menggunakan Objective Matrix (OMAX) dalam penilaian tingkat kinerja perusahaan dalam melakasanakan Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perusahaan memiliki kinerja yang baik dalam melaksanakan sistem manajemen lingkungan ISO 14001 dengan faktor yang paling berpengaruh adalah kebijakan lingkungan perusahaan serta keuntungan yang paling dirasakan adalah meningkatkan kepercayaan pelanggan. Kata kunci: Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan, Integrated Environment Performance Measurement System, ISO, ISO 14001, AHP, Lingkungan berkelanjutan Abstract: Environmental management systems are the main focus of efforts to protect the environment today. It is necessary to analyze the performance of success factors in the implementation of environmental management system on the scope of the company in order to become an assessment and measurement of factors that are good or there are factors that need improvement. The research areas reviewed are oil and gas companies that already have an environmental management system, or even have received ISO 14001 certification. Several performance factors will be determined by the Integrated Environment Performance Measurement System (IEPMS) approach in identifying Key Enviromental Performance Indicator (KEPI). To compile the model hierarchy and get the weight of each KEPI used Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in processing the data paired comparison questionnaire so that it can be weighted the importance of KEPI. For further measurement using Objective Matrix (OMAX) in the assessment of company performance level in carrying out Environmental Management System. Company has a good performance in implementing the environmental management system ISO 14001 with the most influential factor is the company's environmental policy and the most perceived advantage is to increase customer confidence. Keywords: Environmental Management System, Integrated Environment Performance Measurement System , ISO, ISO 14001, AHP,Sustainable environments
IDENTIFIKASI DENSITY FIGURE DAN PENGENDALIAN VEKTOR DEMAM BERDARAH PADA KELURAHAN CICADAS BANDUNG Ariva, Lini; Oginawati, Katharina
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 19, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (685.926 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/jtl.2013.19.1.6

Abstract

Abstrak: Dengue Haermorrhagic Fever (DHF) atau Demam Berdarah adalah salah satu penyakit yang sering mewabah di Indonesia. Pemantauan jentik nyamuk Aedes aegypti sebagai vektor penyakit ini menjadi kegiatan rutin yang dilakukan dinas kesehatan dengan bantuan kader. Dari data dinkes tahun 2011 didapatkan angka rumah bebas  jentik sebesar  93,38% untuk Kota  Bandung. Walau demikian angka  kejadian DHF  di  kota Bandung terus meningkat. Untuk mengetahui faktor resiko penyebab kejadian demam berdarah di kelurahan Cicadas yang padat penduduk, maka dilakukan suatu penelitian Cross Sectional Study. Berdasarkan analisis data penelitian lapangan, kelurahan Cicadas sebagai wilayah studi memiliki angka bebas jentik sebesar 77,78%, House Index(HI) 22,22%, Container Index(CI) 12,84% dan Breteau Index (BI) 27,45. Sehingga didapatkan nilai Density Figure(DF) adalah 4. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan populasi nyamuk adalah sedang. Sehingga diperlukan tindakan pengendalian nyamuk sebagai vektor penyakit. Dan dari hasil kuesioner didapatkan bahwa 17%  dari  total    responden tidak  melakukan  pengendalian vektor  sama  sekali.  48%  dari  total  responden melakukan salah satu dari empat jenis pengendalian vektor (fisik, biologi, kimia, proteksi diri). Dan didapatkan bahwa jenis pengendalian vektor yang paling sering dilakukan oleh masyarakat di kelurahan Cicadas adalah secara kimia, yaitu 62% dari total responden. Kemungkinan tingginya penggunaan jenis pengendalian tersebut karena dianggap yang paling praktis dan memberikan efek yang terlihat secara kasat mata. Berdasarkan hasil regresi linear didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengendalian vector dengan kejadian DHF sebesar 15,8%.
PENGENDALIAN KONTAMINASI LOGAM BERAT DI INDUSTRI TAHU DENGAN KONSEP HAZARD ANALYSIS CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) Nur Fithri, Arsyi; Oginawati, Katharina; Santoso, Muhayatun
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 17, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (574.996 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/jtl.2011.17.1.1

Abstract

Abstrak:  Tahu merupakan salah satu makanan populer yang sering dikonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia. Proses pengolahan tahu melibatkan banyak alat dan bahan sehingga dibutuhkan suatu sistem penjaminan keamanan pangan, yaitu dengan aplikasi konsep HACCP yang berdasarkan pada sistem pencegahan. Dalam penelitian ini, ditentukan critical control point (CCP) pada setiap tahapan produksi, yaitu pada bahan baku, pengolahan, dan produk akhir dengan  menganalisis potensi bahaya melalui pengamatan langsung di lapangan serta pengujian di laboratorium, terutama terhadap kemungkinan kontaminasi logam berat, yaitu tembaga (Cu) dan seng (Zn). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada suatu industri tahu di Kecamatan Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat yang memakai susu sebagai campuran bahan bakunya. Adapun yang menjadi titik uji adalah air baku, kacang kedelai, kedelai giling, susu sapi segar, sari kedelai, serta produk akhir berupa tahu susu putih dan tahu susu kuning. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan konsentrasi rata-rata Cu dalam kacang kedelai dan kedelai giling melebihi kontrol atau batas kritis (baku mutu yang ditetapkan pemerintah), sedangkan konsentrasi rata-rata Zn melebihi kontrol pada kedelai giling, tahu susu putih, dan tahu susu kuning. Dari hasil analisis bahaya tersebut, ditetapkan pemilihan bahan baku dan produk akhir sebagai critical control point (CCP). Oleh karena itu, diperlukan evaluasi dan tindakan koreksi untuk menanggulangi titik kritis yang melebihi kontrol tersebut, antara lain dengan perawatan peralatan dan pemilihan bahan baku berkualitas baikAbstract : Tofu is one of popular foods which frequently consumed by Indonesian people. Tofu production process involves a lot of equipments and ingredients so that required a food safety assurance system through the application of HACCP concept which based on the prevention system. In this study, determined critical control points (CCPs) at each production stage, like in the raw materials, processing, and in the final product by analyzing the potential hazards through field observation and testing in laboratory, especially to the possibility of heavy metals contamination, such as copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). The research was carried out at a tofu industry in Kecamatan Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat who use milk as the mixture of raw material. Meanwhile, the test points are raw water, soybeans, milled soy, fresh cow's milk, soymilk, and the white milk-tofu and yellow milk-tofu as the final products. Test results show the average of Cu concentration in soybeans and milled soy exceed the critical limit or the control (the quality standard determined by government), whereas the average concentration of Zn exceed the control in milled soy, in the white milk-tofu, and in the yellow milk-tofu. From the results of the hazard analysis, determined the selection of raw materials and the final product  as the critical control points (CCPs). Therefore, evaluation and corrective action needed to tackle the critical points that exceed the control, among others, by equipment maintenance and selection of good quality raw materials.
STUDI PAPARAN GAS KARBON MONOKSIDA DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PEKERJA DI TERMINAL CICAHEUM BANDUNG Fitriana, Dara; Oginawati, Katharina
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 18, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (867.652 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/jtl.2012.18.1.3

Abstract

Abstrak: Terminal Cicaheum merupakan terminal tipe A dengan luas lahan 11.000 m2 yang terletak di Kota Bandung. Terdapat berbagai aktivitas di Terminal Cicaheum  yang dapat menghasilkan polusi udara. Pekerja yang bekerja di Terminal Cicaheum adalah yang paling rentan untuk terpapar zat polutan tersebut. Salah satu zat polutan yang paling banyak dihasilkan di lingkungan sekitar terminal adalah karbon monoksida (CO). Karbon monoksida dapat berasal dari asap rokok dan juga emisi yang dikeluarkan oleh kendaraan bermotor. Dilakukan pengukuran konsentrasi CO yang terpapar pada responden dengan menggunakan Personal Dosimeter Tube dan pengukuran kadar karboksihemoglobin dalam darah responden. Dalam hal ini, responden yang dipilih adalah pengurus bis. Hasil dari pengukuran konsentrasi CO terhirup menghasilkan 3,58 ? 7,24 ppm. Hasil dari pengukuran karboksihemoglobin dalam darah menghasilkan selisih dari sebelum dan sesudah sampling sebesar 0,066 ? 1,26 %.  Hasil dan analisis dari pengukuran tersebut kemudian dibandingkan dengan Nilai Ambang Batas berdasarkan National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health untuk CO terhirup dan American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists untuk kadar karboksihemoglobin kemudian dilakukan analisis korelasi untuk melihat hubungan antara CO terhirup dan kadar karboksihemoglobin pada responden menggunakan program SPSS 16. Hasil dari analisis korelasi menghasilkan R = 0,506. Hal ini menunjukkan terdapat korelasi yang kuat antara kedua variabel.Kata kunci: Carbon monoksida, kaboksihemoglobin,  Personal dosimeter tubeAbstract: Cicaheum Terminal is a type A terminal with an area of 11.000 m2 of land that is located in Bandung City. There are various activities in Cicaheum Terminal that can produce air pollution. Workers working in Cicaheum Terminal are the most suspectible to be exposed by that pollutant substances. One of the the most pollutant substances that is being produced around Cicaheum Terminal area is carbon monoxide (CO). Carbon monoxide can be produced by cigarette smoke and also emission  from engine vehicle. Measurements are being done to determine CO concentration exposed to respondents by using Personal Dosimeter Tube, and measuring carboxyhemoglobin value in the respondents? blood. In this content, bus boarders are choosen as the respondent. Results from the CO inhaled concentration measurement are between 3,58 ? 7,24 ppm. Results from carboxyhemoglobin value in blood difference before and after sampling are between 0,066 ? 1,26 %. Results and analysis from the measurement then conducted with Treshold Limit Value based on National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health for CO inhaled and American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists for carboxyhemoglobin value then doing correlation analysis to see the connection between CO inhaled and carboxyhemoglobin value in respondents using SPSS 16 software. The result from correlation analysis is R = 0,506. This shows that there is a strong correlation between the two variables.Key words: Carbon monoxide, carboxyhemoglobin, Personal Dosimeter Tube
ANALISIS RISIKO DENGAN METODE HAZARD AND OPERABILITY STUDY (HAZOPS) DALAM PENENTUAN SAFETY INTEGRITY LEVEL (SIL) BERBASIS RISK GRAPH DAN QUANTITATIVE METHOD PADA UNIT BOILER PT X Ahmad, Badrun; Oginawati, Katharina
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 25, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

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Abstract

Abstrak: Boiler beroperasi pada temperatur dan tekanan tinggi sehingga memiliki risiko ledakan. Untuk itu boiler memiliki sistem kontrol untuk mengendalikan bahaya temperatur dan tekanan tinggi menggunakan Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Safety Integrity Level (SIL) yang menunjukan kinerja dari SIS pada boiler PT X. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan menganalisis risiko menggunakan metode hazard operability study (Hazops) untuk mendapatkan skor risiko. Hasil analisis metode Hazops menunjukkan skor risiko tertinggi pada unit boiler final superheater dan reheater sebesar 25, sedangkan skor risiko evaporator, low temperatur superheater, dan platen superheater sebesar 20. Skor tertinggi ini dikategorikan critical, sehingga risiko tidak dapat diterima dan pengendalian harus secepatnya dilakukan. Risiko terendah pada economizer dengan skor 10. Penentuan SIL menggunakan dua metode yaitu metode risk graph dan metode kuantitatif. Analisis dengan metode risk graph pada SIS unit boiler economizer menunjukkan kontrol dapat dilakukan secara manual. Sedangkan penentuan SIL pada evaporator dan low temperatur superheater menghasilkan SIL 1. Analisis risk graph pada unit boiler platen superheter, final superheater, dan reheater menghasilkan SIL 2 di semua SIS pada 3 unit ini. Penentuan SIL secara kuantitatif pada platen superheater dan final superheater menghasilkan SIL 1. Unit reheater menghasilkan SIL 2. Ini menunjukkan perlu adanya peningkatan dari SIL 1 menjadi SIL 2 pada platen superheater dan final superheater dengan mengubah desain safety instrumented function dan mengurangi waktu kalibrasi dari 1 tahun menjadi 6 bulan. Kata kunci: boiler, hazops, sil, risk graph, quantitative method Abstract: Boiler operated at high temperatures and pressures so it has a risk of explosion. Therefore, the boiler has an automatic control system to minimize the hazard of high temperatures and pressures using Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS). The purpose of this research is to determine Safety Integrity Level (SIL) which is the performance of SIS. This research begins to analyze risk using the hazard operability study method (Hazops) to get a risk score. The results of the Hazops method analysis showed the highest risk score on the final superheater and reheater boiler units of 25, while the evaporator score, the superheater low temperature, and the superheater platen were 20 categorized as critical so control must be done as soon as possible. The lowest risk on economists with a score of 10. SIL determination uses two methods are the risk graph method and the quantitative method. Analysis uses the risk graph method on the SIS boiler economizer unit shows that control can be done manually. While SIL on evaporator and low temperature superheater results SIL 1. Risk graph analysis on the superheter platen boiler unit, final superheater, and reheater produces SIL 2 in all SIS in these 3 units. Quantitative determination of SIL on the platen superheater and final superheater shows SIL 1. The reheater unit shows SIL 2. The results of the analysis indicate that there is an increase from SIL 1 to SIL 2 on the platen superheater and final superheater by changing the safety instrumented function design and reducing calibration time from 1 year to 6 months. Keywords: boiler, hazops, sil, risk graph, quantitative method 
The Influence of Indoor Air Condition on Microorganism Existing in Slum Area Around Pasupati Flyover and Cikapundung River. Ningsih, Yulia; Oginawati, Katharina
Research of Environmental Science and Engineering Vol 1 No 1 (2020): Reseach of Environemntal science and Engineering
Publisher : Research of Environmental Science and Engineering

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Abstract

Tamansari is one of the dense urban villages in Bandung. Tamansari has an area of 102 ha with a population reached 24,897 inhabitants. Tamansari was passed by Pasupati bridge and Cikapundung river which led to high air pollution and water pollution. The dirty of environment and air are a good place for microorganisms to survive in the free air. It can cause various diseases. One of them is a disease in acute respiratory tract infections (ARI). Approximately 20% of children deaths under 5 years was caused by ARI. Streptococcus sp is one type of bacteria that cause respiratory disease. In this study used horse blood agar as a medium for Streptococcus sp growing. Results of this research conducted on 30 houses in RW 4, 10, 11 and 15 obtained the average of housing area and ventilation are 4.52 m2/person and 0.302 m2 for about 29 m2 floor area. The average value of wet temperature, dry temperature, humidity and air pressure are 22.23 0C; 26.95 0C; 66.83% and 0.92 atm respectively. The average density of total bacteria and Streptococcus sp were 1632 organism/m3 and 107 organism/m3. Ventilation is one of the factors influence the bacteria density in the air. Smaller ventilation cause greater bacteria density in the air. It is indicated by correlation coefficient about -0.146.Despite the number of bacteria density is not always equal for the same residential area, but there is a tendency that the bacteria density in the air increases with the narrowing of residential area per person. It is indicated by coefficient correlation between housing area/person with a bacterial density about -0.292.
Effect of Clean and Healthy Life Behavior on Diarrhea Disease Auliailahi, Annisa Rizki; Oginawati, Katharina
Research of Environmental Science and Engineering Vol 1 No 1 (2020): Reseach of Environemntal science and Engineering
Publisher : Research of Environmental Science and Engineering

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Abstract

Clean and healthy life behavior (CHLF) towards diarrheal disease is a community health improvement program that can be applied in various environments. Diarrhea is a disease with a high incidence among people living in urban areas with high density. This study aims to determine the relationship between the application of the CHLF principle with the number of diarrheal diseases in the Cicadas area. This study uses a questionnaire method relating to Clean and Healthy Life Behavior with the incidence of diarrheal diseases and sampling of raw water quality used by the community with the Total Coliform microbiological parameters. The results of this study indicate that the application of aspects of the availability of clean water, the use of healthy latrines and the application of the habit of washing hands with soap and clean running water have a direct relationship with the incidence of diarrheal diseases in the scope of households in Cicadas area. In addition, the results of laboratory water quality tests with indicators of the presence of Coliform bacteria showed that 27 of the 30 water samples taken proved to be positive containing Coliform bacteria, and all were positive for Escherichia coli bacteria.
Co-Authors Abdurachman, Ardestya Verta Abrori, Reiza Fandrio ANNISA MAULIDYA Ariva, Lini Arsyi Nur Fithri Auliailahi, Annisa Rizki Badrun Ahmad Buftheim, Sonia Dara Fitriana Diah Dwiana L Doharta, Prastita Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih Dwito Indrawan Endah Damastuti Fahimah, Nurul Farid Alfalaki Hamid Fauziah Amin Fitriana, Dara Gunrady, Rudy Handayani, Elya Hilda Hemas, Caroline Kartika Imtiyaz Olaf Jatmy Imtiyaz Olaf Jatmy Indrawan, Dwito Ismawati, Yuyun Lini Ariva Listya Chandra Kirana Maulidiniawati, Nurika Minoru Yoneda Muhayatun Santoso Muhayatun Santoso Muhayatun Santoso Natalia Adventini Nur Aisyah Yuniar Romantis Nur Fithri, Arsyi Nurika Maulidiniawati Nurmala Karima, Afifah Prananditya, Rahardrian Priana Sudjono Qiara Fildzah Yanetta Rahardrian Prananditya Rahman, Intan Nur’azizah Refnilda Fadhilah Regia, Rinda Andhita Reiza Fandrio Abrori Resti Ayu Lestari Santoso, Muhayatun Sari, Kartika Rahma Sharnella Janet Yapfrine Sharnella Janet Yapfrine Sonia Buftheim Sriharyuniwati, Iwuk Suharyanto Suharyanto Suphia Rahmawati Syukria Kurniawati Widya Dwi Ariyani Woro Yatu Niken S Yulia Ningsih Yuyun Ismawati