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All Journal Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi dan Perubahan Sosial SIASAT Journal Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education Journal (Birle Journal) Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx Journal) Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal (BIoEx Journal) Rowter Journal Matondang Journal Economit Journal Polit Journal LingLit Journal Lakhomi Journal
Muhammad Ridwan
Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences Transportation Other

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Vanishing Voices: Saving Languages Before it’s Too Late Muhammad Ridwan; Belay Sitotaw Goshu
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 8, No 4 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Novemb
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v8i4.8165

Abstract

The global decline of linguistic diversity threatens cultural heritage, with intergenerational language transmission increasingly reliant on education and digital tools amid urbanization and technological advancement. This study explores how education and digital tools influence transmission success across generations. Using modeling data for 50 initiatives, the study employs descriptive statistics, bar plots, scatter plots with regression, correlation heatmaps, and linear regression to analyze education level, digital tool usage, young speaker percentage, and transmission success. Education shows a modest positive impact (β = 0.0068, M = 0.53 for high-education initiatives), while digital tools exhibit a surprising negative effect (β = -0.1267, r = -0.41), with variability in outcomes. Young speakers’ proportion negatively correlates with success (β = -0.0558, r = -0.18), suggesting generational disconnects. Education supports transmission, but digital tools’ over-reliance may hinder success unless culturally integrated, highlighting the need for balanced strategies. Governments should fund immersion schools, NGOs should co-design digital tools with communities, and local groups should promote intergenerational activities.
Synergy between Religion and Science: A Contemporary Christian Review with Evidence from Ethiopia’s COVID 19 Response and Male Circumcision Rite Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences, June
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR) Publisher

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Abstract

The conflict narrative between religion and science persists in popular discourse despite growing historical and theological evidence of compatibility. Contemporary Christian theology offers a framework for synergy, yet empirical case studies from non‑Western contexts remain underexplored. This review critically examines the theological foundations for science‑religion synergy within mainstream contemporary Christianity and analyses two Ethiopian case studies Orthodox faith leaders’ role in COVID‑19 vaccination promotion, and the male circumcision rite to demonstrate synergy in practice. A critical review synthesising peer‑reviewed literature, theological documents, public health reports, and qualitative studies on Ethiopian Orthodox Christian engagement with science. Contemporary Christian theology (Catholic, Orthodox, mainline Protestant) provides robust support for synergy via complementary domains of “how” (science) and “why” (faith). In Ethiopia, faith leaders actively promoted COVID‑19 vaccination using the message “God protects us from death through faith and science,” receiving training and publicly modelling vaccination. Male circumcision, a near‑universal cultural rite of passage (not a sacrament), has been harmonised with medical science, with Church endorsement of hospital‑based procedures. Commonalities include faith leaders reframing practices as science‑consistent, partnership with health authorities, and adaptive use of religious authority. Synergy between religion and science is not an abstract ideal but a lived, effective partnership capable of saving lives and preserving cultural identity. The Ethiopian Orthodox model offers a replicable paradigm. Public health programmes should actively partner with trusted religious leaders. Theological education should embrace science engagement. Comparative research across Orthodox traditions and quantitative impact studies are urgently needed.
Future Compound Heat-Flash Drought Events Amplify Socioeconomic Exposure and Human Displacement Risks across East Africa Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
Economit Journal: Scientific Journal of Accountancy, Management and Finance Vol 6 No 2 (2026): Economit Journal: Scientific Journal of Accountancy, Management and Finance: (May
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

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Abstract

East Africa faces an escalating climate crisis driven by the amplification of compound heat-flash drought (CHFD) events. This study quantifies future CHFD dynamics, socioeconomic exposure, agricultural impacts, and human displacement risks across East Africa under moderate (SSP2-4.5) and high-emissions (SSP5-8.5) scenarios. Using a weighted multi-model ensemble from CMIP6 projections, we analyze historical (1981–2010) and future (2021–2100) periods, integrating population density data, agricultural statistics, and displacement modeling frameworks. Under SSP5-8.5, moderate CHFD frequency is projected to double, while severe events increase by 60% by 2100. Population exposure increases by up to 60% in southern Tanzania and 40–55% in northeastern Kenya, southern Somalia, and eastern Ethiopia. Compound drought-heatwave exposure is linked to 27% (±4.2%) reductions in harvested area and 35% (±5.1%) reductions in crop production, with maize and sorghum most severely affected (β = −0.47 to −0.53, p < 0.01). Rain-fed systems suffer losses exceeding 30%, while irrigated systems demonstrate resilience with losses below 10%. Climate change, accounting for 57.4–71.2% of exposure changes, is the primary driver, with population growth contributing 18.5–26.8%. Climate change could force 6.9–10.1 million people in East Africa to move internally by 2050. These findings demand urgent emission reductions, as mitigation is the most effective strategy for reducing future risks. Adaptation priorities include climate-resilient crops, irrigation expansion, improved flash drought early warning systems, social protection for vulnerable populations, and migration governance frameworks. Region-specific strategies are essential given East Africa's heterogeneous climate responses.
Beyond Hype and Hardware: The Structural Determinants of EdTech Sustainability in Ethiopia's Quest for SDG 4 Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
Economit Journal: Scientific Journal of Accountancy, Management and Finance Vol 6 No 2 (2026): Economit Journal: Scientific Journal of Accountancy, Management and Finance: (May
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

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Abstract

Ethiopia, Africa's second most populous nation, confronts a profound educational paradox: a youthful demographic dividend—with over 70% of the population under 30, coexists with a failing education system characterised by a 8.4% university admission rate, 42% graduate unemployment, and over 9 million children out of school. Educational technology (EdTech) has been heralded as a transformative solution, yet sustainability remains elusive. This paper critically examines the structural determinants shaping EdTech sustainability in Ethiopia, moving beyond techno-solutionist narratives to interrogate the interconnected infrastructural, human, financial, and geopolitical factors that perpetuate a self-reinforcing vicious cycle of unsustainability. Employing a Critical Interpretive Synthesis (CIS) combined with a single-embedded case study design, the study synthesises evidence from policy documents, startup ecosystem data, and scholarly literature. The findings reveal that infrastructural failure, characterised by unreliable electricity (44% rural access), limited connectivity (9% rural internet penetration), and prohibitive data costs diminishes teacher morale and agency, reducing technology utilisation and perceived impact. This dissuades investors, reinforcing governmental reluctance to scale digital contracts and perpetuating infrastructural neglect. The paper introduces the 3-P Alignment Model (People, Partnerships, Policy) as an analytical framework for sustainable EdTech deployment. Policy recommendations include prioritizing universal electrification and subsidized bandwidth over hardware procurement, shifting donor funding from short-term pilots to patient capital (5-10 year horizons), and centring foundational literacy through low-tech, high-touch approaches. The paper concludes that systemic integration, not piecemeal digitization, constitutes the only sustainable pathway to leveraging technology for educational development in Ethiopia and analogous fragile states.
Carbon Dioxide Utilization and Removal: Building Circular Carbon Economy Belay Sitotaw Goshu; Muhammad Ridwan
Economit Journal: Scientific Journal of Accountancy, Management and Finance Vol 6 No 3 (2026): Economit Journal: Scientific Journal of Accountancy, Management and Finance: (Aug
Publisher : Britain International for Academic Research (BIAR-Publisher)

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Abstract

Ethiopia, vulnerable to climate extremes like droughts affecting 20 million annually, faces a 68% emissions rise by 2030 without intervention, per NDC 3.0. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and utilization (CCU) technologies offer pathways to net-zero by 2050, yet deployment lags due to technological immaturity, barriers, and socioeconomic inequities in a 120 million population reliant on agriculture (70% of the workforce). This study evaluates CDR/CCU viability, barriers, employment transitions, SDG synergies, and policy-financing needs to inform equitable scaling, targeting 50 MtCO₂e annual removal and 1.2 million green jobs by 2030. Methods: Multidimensional assessment integrated raw data (TRL, scalability, negativity, and costs) via bubble charts, barrier heatmaps, lifecycle balances, scalability matrices, employment projections, SDG linkages, regional vulnerabilities, policy timelines, complexity priorities, and financing mixes. Quantitative modeling employed correlations (e.g., r = 0.62 for scalability-negativity), econometric simulations, and geospatial analysis across 10 technologies and 9 regions. Findings: CDR outperforms in negativity (0.82 mean) and permanence (3,060 years) but trails CCU economically (-27.5 USD/tCO₂); barriers peak economically (8.3 severity) with $1.92B financing gaps; transitions yield 2.5 million jobs and a 20.6-point SDG uplift (strongest SDG 7 linkage, 10/10); Oromia anchors potential (5.8 growth); policies favor regulatory (5 instruments), and complexity prioritizes renewables (120k jobs, Figure 12); $3.5B is mobilized via 35% international finance. Novelty: First integrated Ethiopia-centric framework blending technoeconomic, barrier, just transition, and policy analyses, revealing 70:30 CDR-CCU portfolios for 10 GtCO₂/year at 80 USD/t aggregate, with regional equity modeling reducing vuln-poverty correlations by 25%. Viable for resilient net-zero, amplifying co-benefits amid 1.5°C risks. Allocate $1B phased investments (40% renewables/forestry), harmonize regulations, and reskill 500k workers for inclusion.
Co-Authors Abdurahman Adisaputera Abraham Edeh Adebogun Babatunde Olayinka Aduloju Doyinsola Akhimien Emmanuel Alice Blessing Ogundiya Alikor Queen Nneka Aliyah Balogun-Ibijunle Amaka Yvonne Okafor Ambwa Lokula Junior Amédée Gbatea Kundana Amédée Kundana Gbatea Ange Thijenira Loketo Arifulhak Aceh Armand Endowa Doikasiye Aurel Vlad Aymard Papy Bembiade Babatunde Covenant Olugbenga Barsha Biswal Belay Sitotaw Goshu Belay Sitotaw Goshu Belay Sitotaw Goshu Belay Sitotaw Goshu Belay Sitotaw Goshu Belay Sitotaw Goshu Journal Bembi Bosso Benjamin Zoawe Gbolo Benjamin Zoawe Gbolo Bikila Merga Deresa Bikram Biswas Bondombe Gorges-Willy Bright Kelechi Uzoji Briki C. Kakesa Charles K. Moywaywa Clarisse Falanga Mawi Colette Masengo Ashande Colette Masengo Ashande Damas Boboy Manzongo Damien Sha Tshibey Tshibangu Deborah Adedeji Dike Harcourt White Dorothée Tshilanda Dinangayi Duol Dak Maluel Ekpali Joseph Saint Eliane Griep Gomes Bitencourt Emmanuel Blessing Oyiza Emmanuel Kitete Mulongo Emmanuel Moke Lengbiye Eric Msughter Aondover Eser Demir Falguni Roy Ferdi T. Güçyetmez Florin Skutnik Francis Mosala Gabriel Lola Oriloye Gédéon Ngiala Bongo Gédéon Ngiala Bongo Godfrey Alinaitwe Hadiza Abubakar Ahmad Hauwa Kawo Mohammed Hossein Shahri Ibrahim Abdulkadir Idikodingo Anzinzoniwa Faustin Jacqueline Kangu Kobe Jacquie Kangu Kobe Jammy Seigha Guanah Javaid Ahmad Andrabi JB Zanyako Bosanza Jeff Iteku Bekomo John Likolo Baya Jonas Mbaya Kusagba Jonas Nagahuedi Mbongu Sodi Josiah Adewale Apalowo Josiah Adewale Apalowo Joy Collins-Dike JP Mokombe Magbukudua Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Koto-Te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Koto-Te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Koto-Te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Lettiah Gumbo Litucha Bakokola Joseph Loveth Okowa-Nwaebi M. Yoserizal Saragih Majeed Mohamed Fareed Majeed Marcus Garvey ORJI Marcus Garvey Orji Mark Angelo C. Reotutar Masengo Ashande Colette Masens Da-Musa Y.B. Mauricio Bueno da Rosa Melaku Masresha Woldeamanueal Melaku Masresha Woldeamanueal Melaku Masresha Woldeamanueal Mihai Pichler Modeste Ndaba Modeawi Modeste Ndaba Modeawi Moein Mirani Ahangar Kolaei Mohammad Nur Ullah Mohammad Taghi Sheykhi Molongo Mokondande Médard Molongo Mokondande Médard Monde-Te-Kazangba Godefroid Monye I. Florence Mostafa Toranji Muhammad Danjuma Abubakar Navaneeta Rath Ngalakpa Héritier Ngbolua Koto-te-Nyiwa Jean-Paul Njoku C. Justice Norie T. Tactay Nweke Pearl Iheoma Obodoeze Chekwube Josephine Ojetola Adetola Afolabi Oke Edward Edherue Okungo Lotokola Albert Olayinka Babatunde Adebogun Ololade Olatunji Ololade Olatunji Lateef Olusola Oladapo Makinde Omolara Akin-Odukoya Omolara Akin-Odukoya Omolara Oluwabusayo Akin-Odukoya Omotola Ogunbola Omotola Ogunbola Onaopepo Ibrahim Bamidele Paulos Manedo Hafebo Perpetua Ogechi Vitalis Philippe Ebuma Dongo Pius T. Mpiana Placide Makwa Mbulola Precious Awosanya Oreoluwa Precious Dube Ramlan Richard N. Amadi Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina Baholy Rokeeb Tunde Afeez Ruphin Djolu Djoza Ruphin Djolu Djoza Sajib Kumar Roy Shittu Lukman Olayinka Solomon Zerihun Songbo Kwedugbu Médard Subulola Etimiri Supper Roland Okijie Sylvester Ojenagbon Tadashi Adino Taffouo Victor Désiré Timothy Ekeledirichukwu Onyejelem Tolga Constantinou Toyosi Khadijat Owoyale Tunmise Daramola Ubong Edem Effiong Uzoji Bright Kelechi Vladimir Valentinovich Kozhevnikov Vladimir Valentinovich Kozhevnikov Zubair Shaib Bashir