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All Journal Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Reaktor International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Eksergi: Chemical Engineering Journal Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia Mesin Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research CHEESA: Chemical Engineering Research Articles Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Jurnal Rekayasa Proses International Journal of Oil Palm

Johnner P Sitompul

Institut Teknologi Bandung

Author-ID : 337985

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences

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Produksi Metil 12-Hidroksistearat via Proses Hidrogenasi Ester Minyak Jarak Indra G. Pasaribu; Arry K. Rizky; Mario C. Gultom; Retno G. Dewi; Tirto P. Prakoso; Johnner P. Sitompul
Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Vol 18, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : ASOSIASI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI TEKNIK KIMIA INDONESIA (APTEKIM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jtki.2019.18.1.2

bstrak. Minyak jarak kaliki (Ricinus communis L.) merupakan salah satu bahan baku terbarukan yang banyak diaplikasikan di berbagai industri kimia. Salah satu dari turunan minyak jarak kaliki yaitu metil 12-hidroksistearat merupakan metil ester yang memiliki manfaat dalam berbagai jenis industri, khususnya industri pelumas. Makalah ini membahas produksi metil 12-hidroksistearat via hidrogenasi ester minyak jarak dalam reaktor mini-pilot. Makalah ini membahas kondisi optimum proses hidrogenasi dari metil ester risinoleat dengan melakukan variasi terhadap tekanan dan temperatur operasi. Tekanan dan temperatur operasi proses hidrogenasi divariasikan pada rentang 2-4 bar dan 150-210℃. Diperoleh produk hidrogenasi metil ester risinoleat dengan konsentrasi massa metil 12-hidroksistearat mencapai 61,28% dan angka iodin 23,84. Peningkatan temperatur dan tekanan operasi meningkatkan konversi metil 12-hidroksistearat dan menurunkan angka iodin. Pada rentang variasi kondisi, kondisi operasi optimum untuk proses ini adalah temperatur 210℃ dan tekanan 4 bar. Penambahan waktu reaksi hidrogenasi selama 3 jam menghasilkan penurunan angka iodin hingga mencapai 9,82 dan bentuk fisik seperti mentega. Kata kunci: angka iodin, hidrogenasi, metil 12-hidroksistearat, metil ester risinoleat, minyak jarak kaliki. Abstract. Production of Methyl 12-Hydroxystearate through the Hydrogenation Process of Castor Oil Esters. Castor oil (Ricinus communis L.) is one of renewable raw materials widely applied in various chemical industries. One of the castor oil derivatives is methyl 12-hydroxistearate, a methyl ester fatty acid which has been applied in various industries especially lubricants industry. This paper discusses the methyl ester production of methyl 12-hydroxystearate from castor oil via hydrogenation of ester of castor oil in a mini-pilot reactor. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimum operating condition of the hydrogenation process of the ricinoleic acid methyl ester by varying operating pressure and temperature. The operating pressure and temperature of the hydrogenation process were varied in the range of 2-4 bar and 150-210℃. The experimental results show that the hydrogenation process of ricinoleic acid methyl ester produces methyl-12-hydroxistearate with concentration up to 61.28%-wt and Iodine Value of 23.84. Higher operating temperature and pressure increase the conversion of methyl 12- hydroxistearate and reduce the iodine value. Further, the optimum operation condition for this process is at 210℃ and 4 bar. Increasing reaction time for about 3 hours results in a significant reduction of iodine value up to 9.82. Keywords: castor oil, hydrogenation, iodine number, methyl 12-hidroxystearate, methyl ester ricinoleic. Graphical Abstract

A Scaling-up Synthesis from Laboratory Scale to Pilot Scale and to near Commercial Scale for Paste-Glue Production Johnner P. Sitompul; Hyung Woo Lee; Yook Chan Kim; Matthew W. Chang
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 45 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2013.45.1.2

This paper concerns on developing a synthesis method of paste-glue production for gummed tape using a corn-based starch as an alternative feedstock from laboratory-scale to pilot-scale and to near commercial scale. Basically, two methods of synthesis were developed to produce paste-glue in laboratory scale. Based on the two methods, we then scale-up the earlier laboratory scale data to pilot-scale and near commercial-scale for developing a large scale process production of paste-glue. Scaling up production from 1,000 ml reactor to 500 L pilot-scale reactor and 1,500 L near commercial scale reactor, we monitored pathway of temperature increase during reaction as well as adjustment of operating condition conducted for laboratory experimental data in order to produce a good quality of paste-glue. Some scaling up parameters have been found as well as critical parameters for a good product quality such as viscosity and ceiling temperature of the reaction which are very crucial in order to give optimum operating condition. We have selected synthesis method of paste-glue production and found the range of the parameters in order to produce a very good quality of paste-glue in pilot scale and near commercial scale.

Molecular Weight and Structural Properties of Biodegradable PLA Synthesized with Different Catalysts by Direct Melt Polycondensation Hyung Woo Lee; Rizki Insyani; Daniel Prasetyo; Hermawan Prajitno; Johnner P. Sitompul
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 47 No. 4 (2015)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2015.47.4.2

Production of biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) from biomassbased lactic acid is widely studied for substituting petro-based plastics or polymers. This study investigated PLA production from commercial lactic acid in a batch reactor by applying a direct melt polycondensation method with two kinds of catalyst, Î³-aluminium(III) oxide (Î³-Al2O3) or zinc oxide (ZnO), in reduced pressure. The molecular weight of the synthesized PLA was determined by capillary viscometry and its structural properties were analyzed by functional group analysis using FT-IR. The yields of polymer production with respect to the theoretical conversion were 47% for Î³-Al2O3 and 35% for ZnO. However, the PLA from ZnO had a higher molecular weight (150,600 g/mol) than that from Î³-Al2O3 (81,400 g/mol). The IR spectra of the synthesized PLA from both catalysts using polycondensation show the same behavior of absorption peaks at wave numbers from 4,500 cm-1 to 500 cm-1, whereas the PLA produced by two other polymerization methods "“ polycondensation and ring opening polymerization "“showed a significant difference in % transmittance intensity pattern as well as peak area absorption at a wave number of 3,500 cm-1 as "“OH vibration peak and at 1,750 cm-1 as "“C=O carbonyl vibrational peak.

Production of Methyl Laurate from Coconut Cream through Fractionation of Methyl Ester Johnner P. Sitompul; A.N. Istyami; R. Muhtadi; H.W. Lee; H. Rahman
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 47 No. 5 (2015)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2015.47.5.1

This paper concerns the production of methyl laurate from coconut cream through fractionation of methyl esters. Coconut oil was produced by wet processing of coconut cream. The esters were prepared by reacting coconut oil and methanol using homogeneous catalyst KOH in a batch reactor, followed by fractionation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) at various reduced pressures applying differential batch vacuum distillation. Experimental data were compared with simulation of a batch distillation employing the simple Raoult's model and modified Raoult's model of phase equilibria. Activity coefficients (Î³i) were determined by optimization to refine the models. The modified Rault's model with activity coefficients gave better agreement with the experimental data, giving the value of Î³i between 0,56-0,73. For a given boiling temperature, lower operating pressure produced higher purity of C10 and C12 FAME for respective distillates.

Improvement of Properties of Poly(L-lactic acid) through Solution Blending of Biodegradable Polymers Johnner Sitompul; Rizky Insyani; Daniel Prasetyo; Hermawan Prajitno; Hyung Woo Lee
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 48 No. 4 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2016.48.4.5

This study concerns the improvement and enhancement of the properties of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) through simple solution blending of pure PLLA with different kinds of biodegradable polymers. Synthesized PLLA was blended with synthesized poly(d,l-lactic acid) (PDLLA) or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) at various composition ratios in a solvent mixture of dichloromethane/ethanol at room temperature to produce dipolymer. The polymer-blend properties were analyzed using FTIR, DSC, UTM data and an enzymatic degradation test was conducted. It was found that PLLA blend films were obtained with limitation of the second polymer content up to 20% (w) through solvent casting. From the DSC data, two different melting temperature peaks showed that stereocomplex formation occurred during polymer precipitation for all PLLA/PDLLA blends, while only one single melting temperature peak appeared in the PLLA/PEG blend. Regarding the mechanical properties, the PLLA/PEG blend showed better performance with an improvement of the mechanical strength by around 11.18% and an improvement of the elongation at break by around 89% compared to pure PLLA. Furthermore, after the 48-hour enzymatic biodegradability test, the PLLA/PEG blends showed improvement of biodegradability with 21.88% of sample weight-loss compared to 2.53% for pure PLLA.

Synthesis of Structured Triglycerides Based on Canarium Oil for Food Application Johnner Sitompul; Tutus Gusdinar; Kusnandar Anggadiredja; Hamidah Rahman; Tursino Tursino
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 50 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2018.50.1.6

This paper concerns the synthesis of structured triglycerides containing different proportions and positions from medium- (M) and long-chain (L) fatty acids on a glycerol backbone. Structured triglycerides of MLM type were synthesized by utilizing canarium oil and incorporating caprylic acid (C8:0) as a source for the medium chain (M) fatty acids. Synthesis was performed through a two-step enzymatic reaction, with ethanolysis as the first step and esterification as the second step. Both reactions use the sn-1,3 specific lipase as a catalyst, which has specific activity at positions sn-1 and sn-3 of the triglyceride structure. The results from high-performance liquid chromatography showed that the stereospecific distribution of fatty acids in the structured triglyceride was 29.52±0.59 and 44.28±0.88 mol% of caprylic acid in the positions of sn-1,2,3 and sn-1,3, respectively. Furthermore, analysis of the physicochemical properties of both the native canarium oil and the structured triglycerides using an independent-sample t-test at p < 0.05 indicated that the two samples were significantly different for saponification number, iodium number, and average molecular weight. The results of this study showed that canarium oil can be exploited as a starting material for functional food application.

The Effect of Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC) Filler on Polylactic Acid (PLA) Nanocomposite Properties Daniel I. Simangunsong; Try H. A. Hutapea; Hyung Woo Lee; Jung Oh Ahn; Johnner Sitompul
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 50 No. 4 (2018)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2018.50.4.9

This paper discusses the effect of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) when used as filler on polylactic acid (PLA)-based nanocomposites and on its mechanical properties and permeability. NCC was produced from commercial cellulose and another cellulose source, i.e. oil palm empty fruit bunch, by hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose with sulphuric acid and by oxidation with ammonium persulfate. The nanocomposites were made by adding nanocrystalline cellulose with varying compositions into PLA. A solvent casting method was used to produce a nanocomposite film with 5% v/v triacetin as a coupling agent. Both methods produced crystalline celluloses within the micro and nano range with mean particle size at 99.5 nm and 157.9 nm for the sulphuric acid hydrolysis and the ammonium persulfate oxidation method, respectively. The utilization of NCC as PLA composite filler increased the percentage of elongation at break with a highest percentage 19.02% for addition of 1% NCC filler. However, higher compositions of cellulosic filler resulted in a decreasing trend of tensile strength and elongation at break. Higher content of NCC filler in the PLA matrix increased the nanocomposite's water vapor permeability.

Production of Biodegradable Sulfonated Methyl Ester by a Falling Film Reactor for ASP Flooding in EOR Retno G. Dewi; Megawati Zunita; Permata A. Priyadi; Michael D.M. Sitompul; Annisa N. Shabrina; Faiq I. Akhiroti; Johnner Sitompul
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 53 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.1.7

Petroleum production can be improved through enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods such as chemical injection. This study focused on sulfonation of methyl ester using SO3 dissolved in oleum compounds (H2SO4.SO3) in a mini-pilot falling film reactor at 70 °C and its application for chemical EOR with ASP flooding. The reactor was equipped with cooling water to facilitate heat transfer in view of the highly exothermic reaction. Biodegradable methyl ester sulfonate, a biosurfactant, was produced from esterification of vegetable oils, palm kernel oil, and coconut oil. The MES products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared testing, which showed S=O and -OH groups peaks, indicating that sulfonation had occurred. The IFT test data showed that the MES from CNO produced the lowest IFT values for light oil and heavy oil, equal to 11.4 mN/m and 10.3 mN/m, respectively. The effect of the MES concentration on the phase behavior was an increase of the IFT value before being applied in ASP flooding, and a decrease after reaching the optimum condition. The EOR core flooding test with the formulated ASP resulted in original oil in place (OOIP) percentages in the range of 12 to 23.5%. The highest acquisition was 23.53% OOIP for an ASP composition of 200 ppm, 0.5%wt, 2800 ppm, respectively.

Studi Kondisi Operasi dalam Pemisahan Asam Laktat dari Produk Konversi Katalitik Tandan Kosong Sawit Melalui Esterifikasi-Hidrolisis Johnner Parningotan Sitompul; Ana Kemala Putri Jauhari; Gun Gun Gumilar; Yosandi Calimanto; Carolus Borromeus Rasrendra
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 13, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Lactic acid is a platform chemical that is usually used to form various chemical products. Nowadays, the need of lactic acid is increasingly high especially for bio-based chemical as a substitute for petroleum-based one. Catalytic chemical conversion is seemingly potential to substitute the bioconversion pathway. This research aims to determine the best operating condition for separating lactic acid from its mixture (the catalytic conversion product of oil palm empty fruit bunch) by esterification-hydrolysis in order to produce the highest yield and purity. The esterification of the mixture was carried out by using n-butanol as a solvent and wet Amberlyst-15 as a catalyst. The esterification process was conducted by reacting n-butanol and lactic acid for 6 hours in a batch reactor. Hydrolysis was then followed by reacting organic phase as an esterification product and water in batch reactor system for 4 hours. The result showed that the higher reactant volume ratio, temperature, and catalyst concentration were used, the higher yield of both esterification and hydrolysis products would be. The highest esterification yield of 98.64%-w/w was achieved when the temperature was at 90oC, with a reactant volume ratio of 4, and the catalyst concentration of 2.5%-w/w. Moreover, the experiment results showed that the highest hydrolysis yield of 98.64%-w/w was achieved by the temperature of 90 oC, the reactant volume ratio of 20, and the catalyst concentration of 2.5%-w/w. It was revealed that the most significant variable for esterification was reactant volume ratio while both reactant volume ratio and temperature become the prominent variables for hydrolysis counterpart. Additionally, another modified method of separation was conducted by applying reactive distillation. This modified process increased the hydrolysis yield up to 82.34%-w/w by using pure butyl lactate as feed while the usage of the catalytic butyl lactate as feed could produce lactic acid with the yield of 74.01%-w/w. A B S T R A KAsam laktat adalah bahan kimia antara yang bermanfaat untuk pembentukan berbagai macam produk kimia. Permintaan asam laktat dewasa ini sangat tinggi terutama sebagai bahan kimia berbasis alam yang digunakan sebagai substitusi untuk penggunaan bahan kimia tak terbarukan. Terdapat banyak alternatif proses yang sudah dilakukan oleh peneliti untuk menemukan metode alternatif yang efektif sebagai pengganti proses fermentasi dan konversi katalitik merupakan proses yang berpotensi untuk diaplikasikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kondisi operasi yang menghasilkan perolehan asam laktat tinggi pada reaksi esterifikasi-hidrolisis asam laktat dari produk reaksi katalitik tandan kosong sawit menggunakan n-butanol p.a., dan katalis Amberlyst-15 basah. Esterifikasi dilakukan dengan mereaksikan n-butanol dan umpan hasil konversi katalitik tandan kosong sawit selama 6 jam. Hidrolisis dilakukan dengan mereaksikan air dan fase organik esterifikasi selama 4 jam. Hasil menunjukkan semakin tinggi temperatur reaksi, rasio volume reaktan, dan konsentrasi katalis, semakin tinggi perolehan asam laktat esterifikasi dan hidrolisis yang dihasilkan. Perolehan butil laktat tertinggi pada reaksi esterifikasi diperoleh sebesar 98,64%-b/b pada kondisi 90 oC, rasio volume 4 dan konsentrasi katalis 2,5%-b/b. Perolehan asam laktat tertinggi pada reaksi hidrolisis diperoleh sebesar 67,97%-b/b pada kondisi 90 oC, rasio volume 20 dan konsentrasi katalis 2,5%-b/b. Variabel signifikan pada esterifikasi adalah rasio volume reaktan, sedangkan pada hidrolisis adalah rasio volume reaktan dan temperatur. Penggunaan distilasi reaktif pada hidrolisis mampu meningkatkan perolehan asam laktat hingga 82,34%-b/b untuk butil laktat murni sebagai umpan dan 74,01%-b/b untuk butil laktat katalitik sebagai umpan.

SIFAT POLIMER DAN KEMAMPUAN TERBIODEGRADASI BLEND BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER POLI (L-ASAM LAKTAT) (PLLA) Johnner P Sitompul; Rizki Insyani; Hyung Woo Lee
Reaktor Volume 15, No.2, OKTOBER 2014
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was used to modify mechanical and biodegradability properties of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) through solution blending method using solvent mixture of dichloromethane-ethanol. Polymer samples were then characterized using FTIR, DSC, UTM, and enzymatic degradation test. FTIR spectrum of pure PLLA showed specific IR absorption peaks at wavenumber of 3504 cm-1 (-OH), 1757 cm-1 (-C=O), and 1381 cm-1 (-CH3 symmetric). Further, polymer blend samples showed absorption peak shifts at 1755 cm-1 and 1382 cm-1 for PLLA/PDLLA due to stereocomplex interaction and at 3429 cm-1 due to hydrogen bond interaction. DSC results showed that there was melting temperature depression for all polymer blend samples compared to pure PLLA with increasing of either PDLLA or PEG composition. In PLLA/PDLLA, two melting points were discovered because of homocrystallite and stereocomplex phase formation. While PLLA/PEG samples showed increasing crystallinity to 69% at 20%-wt PEG composition. Mechanical analysis showed that 10%-wt of PDLLA addition in PLLA produced better mechanical performance than pure PLLA while 20%-wt of PEG addition showed highest elongation at break with the value of 89%. Polymer blend samples were degradable during enzymatic degradation test represented by percent weight loss with maximum value of 21% for PLLA/PEG sample. Keywords: polymer properties, solution-blending, Poly(lactic acid), polymer blend, enzymatic degradation

Co-Authors . Widayat A.N. Istyami A.N. Istyami, A.N. A.R. Ryadin Agus Wanadri Agus Wanadri Ahn, Jung Oh Aini, Apsari Puspita Aldhita Graffi Nabila Ana Kemala Putri Jauhari Ana Kemala Putri Jauhari Angelica, Evelyn Annisa N. Shabrina Arry K. Rizky Asep Bayu Carolus Borromeus Rasrendra Carolus Borromeus Rasrendra Chrismono Himawan Daniel I. Simangunsong Daniel Prasetyo Daniel Prasetyo Daniel Prasetyo, Daniel Daru Setyawan Emanuella, Natasha Enny Nurmalasari Faiq I. Akhiroti Gun Gun Gumilar Gun Gun Gumilar Gusdinar, Tutus H. Rahman H.W. Lee H.W. Lee, H.W. Hamidah Rahman Hermawan Prajitno Hermawan Prajitno Hermawan Prajitno, Hermawan Hutapea, Try H. A. Hyung W. Lee Hyung Woo Lee Hyung Woo Lee Hyung Woo Lee Hyung Woo Lee Hyung Woo Lee Hyung Woo Lee Hyung Woo Lee Indra G. Pasaribu Insyani, Rizky Jung Oh Ahn Kusnandar Anggadiredja Lee, Hyung Woo Lee, Hyung Woo Mario C. Gultom Martha Situ Situmorang Matthew W. Chang Matthew W. Chang Megawati Zunita Michael D.M. Sitompul Permata A. Priyadi Prajitno, Hermawan Prasetyo, Daniel R. Muhtadi R. Muhtadi, R. Rasrendra, Carolus Borromeus Retno G. Dewi Retno G. Dewi Riadi, Indra Rizki Insyani Rizki Insyani Rizki Insyani Rizky Insyani Simangunsong, Daniel I. Tatang H. Soerawidjaja Tatang H. Soerawidjaja Tatang H. Soerawidjaja Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja Tika Paramitha Tirto Prakoso Try H. A. Hutapea Tursino, Tursino Tutus Gusdinar Tutus Gusdinar Vita Wonoputri Vita Wonoputri Wanadri, Agus Widayat Widayat Yook Chan Kim Yook Chan Kim Yosandi Calimanto Yosandi Calimanto

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