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Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Tannins and Saponins Contents in Moringa Oleifera Leaves Kusmiyati Kusmiyati; Ety Rahmawati; Ferry William Frangky Waangsir; Pius Selasa
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v4i1.832

Various studies have shown that Moringa oleifera leaves have benefits in preventing disease. It also has the potential to solve environmental problems as mosquito larvasides. This is presumably because Moringa leaves contain potentially beneficial compounds. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the content of bioactive compounds in Moringa oleifera leaf extract qualitatively and quantitatively. This study was an descriptive study. The study was conducted in Kupang East Nusa Tenggara at September 2019. Moringa leaf extraction was carried out using maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. The identification of compounds was qualitatively carried out using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) methods, while quantitative using spectrophotometric methods. Data was analyzed descriptively to describe the content of flavonoid, tannin, alkaloid, saponin. Study results showed that Moringa leaf extract had flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin and saponin components which were measured qualitatively. Quantitative measurement results showed that Moringa leaves have compounds Total alkaloid Equivalent Quinine 0,3% b/b, Total Flavonoid Equivalent Quercetin17,40 % b/b, Tannin Total Equivalent Tannic Acid 14,68 % b/b, Saponin 7,41% b/b. It is concluded that Moringa oleifera leaf extract has compounds that are beneficial for many things, both in disease prevention, larvasides and other benefits.

Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Tannins and Saponins Contents in Moringa Oleifera Leaves Kusmiyati Kusmiyati; Ety Rahmawati; Ferry William Frangky Waangsir; Pius Selasa
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 4 No 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v4i1.832

Various studies have shown that Moringa oleifera leaves have benefits in preventing disease. It also has the potential to solve environmental problems as mosquito larvasides. This is presumably because Moringa leaves contain potentially beneficial compounds. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the content of bioactive compounds in Moringa oleifera leaf extract qualitatively and quantitatively. This study was an descriptive study. The study was conducted in Kupang East Nusa Tenggara at September 2019. Moringa leaf extraction was carried out using maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. The identification of compounds was qualitatively carried out using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) methods, while quantitative using spectrophotometric methods. Data was analyzed descriptively to describe the content of flavonoid, tannin, alkaloid, saponin. Study results showed that Moringa leaf extract had flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin and saponin components which were measured qualitatively. Quantitative measurement results showed that Moringa leaves have compounds Total alkaloid Equivalent Quinine 0,3% b/b, Total Flavonoid Equivalent Quercetin17,40 % b/b, Tannin Total Equivalent Tannic Acid 14,68 % b/b, Saponin 7,41% b/b. It is concluded that Moringa oleifera leaf extract has compounds that are beneficial for many things, both in disease prevention, larvasides and other benefits.

Keanekaragaman jenis dan perilaku menggigit vektor malaria (Anopheles spp.) di Desa Lifuleo, Kecamatan Kupang Barat, Kabupaten Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur Rahmawati, Ety; Hadi, Upik Kesumawati; Soviana, Susi
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2014): September
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.11.2.53

Malaria is a preventable and treatable mosquito-borne diseases, whose main victims are children and pregnant women. Indonesia is the second most affected region in South East Asia and has the the highest malaria burden after India. The research was aimed to study the species diversity and biting activity of malaria vectors (Anopheles spp.) in Lifuleo Village, West Kupang District, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The mosquitoes was collected by using (1) the human landing collection technique, (2) aspirators for collecting mosquitoes resting on the wall of houses and cow barn, and (3) light traps. The research was done for four months. The result showed that there were six species of Anopheles i.e., An. barbirostris, An. subpictus, An. annularis, An. vagus, An. umbrosus and An. indefinitus. An. barbirostris and An. subpictus were two species with the highest density. The value of man hour density (MHD) indoor and outdoor for An. barbirostris were 5.45 and 6.23 respectively, and for An. subpictus were 1.35 and 1.56, respectively. The blood sucking activity indoor and outdoor for An. barbirostris occured at 22:00 to 4:00 and 21:00 - 04 respectively, whereas for An. subpictus at 8:00 p.m. to 21:00 and 22:00 to 23:00, respectively. Based on the value of man hour density the mosquito Anopheles spp. in Lifuleo village were exophagic and exophilic.

Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengendalian Nyamuk Aedes sp. Sebelum dan Sesudah Edukasi di Kelurahan Liliba Kota Kupang Rahmawati, Ety; Sidda, Dermintari Umbu; Sila, Oktofianus
Oehònis Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Kesehatan Masyarakat
Publisher : Sanitation Departement of Health Polytechnic of Kupang

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Kelurahan Liliba merupakan salah satu Kelurahan di Kota Kupang juga termasuk daerah yang endemis DBD karena setiap tahunnya selalu ada kasus DBD. Menurut Data tiga tahun terakhir yang didapatkan dari Puskesmas Oepoi jumlah kasus DBD mengalami penurunan, pada tahun 2020 yaitu 55 kasus dengan 1 kematian, tahun 2021 terdapat 45 kasus dengan 0 kematian dan di tahun 2022 sebanyak 24 kasus dengan 0 kematian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah ntuk mengetahui partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengendalian nyamuk Aedes sp. sebelum dan sesudah edukasi di Kelurahan Liliba. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengendalian Aedes sp sebelum dan sesudah edukasi serta menghitung ABJ sebelum dan sesudah edukasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu 117 rumah, sampel yang digunakan yaitu 54 rumah. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini akan diolah dan dianalisis dan diuji secara deskritif. Hasil penelitian sebelum edukasi menunjukkan bahwa tingkat partisipasi masyarakat untuk kategori amat tinggi yaitu 33,33 %, kategori sedang yaitu 61,11 %, kategori rendah yaitu 5,56 % dan untuk kategori sangat rendah yaitu 0,00 %. Sedangkan hasil penelitian sesudah edukasi menunjukkan perubahan partisipasi masyarakat yang dimana tingkat partisipasi masyararakat untuk kategori amat tinggi yaitu 94,44 %, kategori sedang yaitu 5,56 %, kategori rendah yaitu 0,00 % dan untuk kategori sangat rendah yaitu 0,00 %. Untuk angka bebas jentik sebelum edukasi adalah 37 % sedangkan angka bebas jentik sesudah edukasi adalah 70 %. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengendalian nyamuk Aedes sp sebelum dan sesudah edukasi di RT 32 / RW 13 Kelurahan Liliba memiliki perubahan yang sangat signifikan serta angka bebas jentik sebelum dan sesudah edukasi juga memiliki perubahan yang cukup signifikan. Adapun saran untuk masyarakat di RT 32 / RW 13 agar dapat menjaga kebersihan lingkungan terutama dalam memperhatikan kondisi TPA dan non-TPA di dalam dan di luar rumah agar tidak adanya perkembangbiakan nyamuk Aedes sp. Kata Kunci : Partisipasi Masyarakat, Pengendalian Aedes sp, Edukasi

Surveilans Vektor dan Pemetaan Daerah Reseptif pada Wilayah Rendah Kasus Malaria di Propinsi NTT Theodolfi, Ragu; Rahmawati, Ety; Sila, Oktofianus
Oehònis Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Kesehatan Masyarakat
Publisher : Sanitation Departement of Health Polytechnic of Kupang

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ABSTRAK Perubahan iklim berefek pada transmisi malaria melalui perubahan ekologi dan prilaku manusia, nyamuk Anopheles dan parasit (Plasmodium). Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran tentang surveilans vektor serta pemetaan daerah rendah kasus malaria di Provinsi NTT. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Sampel penelitian adalah 3 kecamatan di Rote Ndao yang memenuhi kriteria pantai dekat pemukiman, pantai jauh pemukiman dan dekat pusat kecamatan untuk mendapatkan data iklim dan habitat jentik. Data prilaku masyarakat terkait pencegahan malaria diperoleh dari wawancara menggunakan program Epicollect terhadap 40 responden yang dilakukan secara accidental. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kondisi suhu, kelembaban, curah hujan dan kecepatan angin berpotensi dalam penularan penyakit malaria, meskipun indeks habitatnya <1. Masyarakat memiliki prilaku yang mendukung dalam pencegahan penularan malaria di Kabupaten Rote Ndao. Disarankan kepada petugas kesehatan untuk melakukan pemantauan secara berkala pada tempat yang potensial untuk perkembanbiakan jentik Anopheles dan penyuluhan rutin kepada masyarakat untuk pencegahan malaria secara personal.

KAJIAN RESIKO PENULARAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE PADA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN OEBOBO DAN KECAMATAN KOTA RAJA, KOTA KUPANG, TAHUN 2012 ETY RAHMAWATI; LIDIA BR TARIGAN
JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN Vol 11 No 2 (2013): JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN
Publisher : Research and Community Service Unit, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Kupang

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Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kota Kupang, dari tahun 2009 jumlahnya terus meningkat secara bermakna hingga awal tahun 2012. Kasus pada periode terakhir tersebut terdapat angka kematian sebanyak 9 orang atau Case Fatality Rate (CFR) sebesar 1,97% yang terjadi pada penderita usia 2 – 9 tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini, untuk mengetahui Resiko Penularan DBD pada Sekolah Dasar (SD) di Kecamatan Kota Raja dan Kecamatan Oebobo Kota Kupang Tahun 2012. Jenis Penelitian Deskriptif dengan metode survei. Populasi penelitian adalah 43 SD dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 SD. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara Deskriptif dan penyajian data dengan menggunakan tabel dan grafik. Hasil penelitian kondisi kesehatan lingkungan SD di Kecamatan Kota Praja dan Kecamatan Oebobo Kota Kupang, menunjukkan 73 % SD tidak menyalurkan air hujan ke saluran umum dan halaman sekolah tidak bersih, 70 % SD memiliki lingkungan yang tidak bebas jentik Aedes sp., dan SD yang tidak mengosongkan bak air yang tidak digunakan dalam waktu lama atau saat libur sebanyak 80 %. Container Index jentik Aedes s. 28,51 %, dan House Index sebesar 23,33% atau angka bebas jentik. Jentik Aedes sp. yang ada pada SD merupakan spesies Aedes aegypti.

Analisis Spasial Distribusi Kasus Filariasis Di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Tahun 2008-2012 ETY RAHMAWATI; Johanis Jusuf Pitreyadi Sadukh; Oktofianus Sila
JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN Vol 15 No 2 (2017): JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN
Publisher : Research and Community Service Unit, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Kupang

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East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT) is one of the endemic areas with the number of filariasis cases increasing from year to year. There are two types of filarial worms, Wuchereria bancrofti, and Brugia timori. Filariasis cases in NTT Province up to January 2013 were as many as 925 cases with a prevalence of 0.20 ‰. Research Objectives to determine the distribution of filariasis cases in East Nusa Tenggara Province in 2008 - 2012. Types of Descriptive Research with secondary data study methods. The results of the research data were analyzed descriptively and presented the data using tables and map images. The results of the study are expected to provide information to educational institutions and health agencies regarding the distribution of filariasis cases in East Nusa Tenggara Province in 2008 - 2012. The results showed that there were 12 districts (57%) found filariasis cases in East Nusa Tenggara Province in 2008 - 2012 with a prevalence of 0.02 ‰ - 4.37 ‰. Age> 15 years are the most sufferers (84.93%), and men are the most sufferers (66.31%). Central Sumba Regency, Rote Ndao District, and Alor Regency have mass treatment in total population (100%), and nine districts are still under 85%. To improve the clinical case finding of filariasis, it is necessary to improve the surveillance performance of cases, among others by increasing the discovery and confirmation of cases and conducting refresher training/training for surveillance officers in the area. In the District Health Office, it is necessary to validate the reported case data.

Praimago Density of Aedes Sp and Its Relationship with the Incidence of DHF in Kupang City Wanti, Wanti; Sila, Oktofianus; Irfan, Irfan; Rahmawati, Ety; Sadukh, Johanes Pitreyadi
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 6 No 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v6i2.4511

Mosquito density may represent the bionomic of Aedes sp and the risk of spreading the disease. The Indonesian Ministry of Health has been using ABJ, HI, CI, BI and Pupa Index (PI) to calculate the density of Aedes sp praimago and assess the risk of dengue transmission in an area, so it is necessary to look for an index that describes the individual risk of dengue transmission. The research objective was to analyze the relationship between praimago density of Aedes sp on the incidence of dengue fever in Kupang City, where in Kupang City. The research was conducted in 25 urban villages. Samples were taken from 20 people per sub-district obtained by cluster sampling, namely the center point is the DHF sufferer, then the nearest house was searched within a radius of 100 meters until a total of 20 houses were reached or 500 houses for Kupang City. The independent variables were larvae / pupa density (HP, PC, CPP, LH, PH, LCIH, PCIH, LPCIH, PPCIH, LPH, PPH) and egg density (TE, EDH, OIH), while the dependent variable was the incidence of DHF. Praimago density was determined by conducting an entomological survey in the form of a survey of eggs and larvae of Aedes sp. The data were processed to see the density of larvae and eggs per house, then statistically analyzed using independent t test, Chi Square, and Pearson Correlation. The study found that there was a relationship between larvae / pupa density (HP, PC, CPP, LH, LCIH, LPCIH, LPH) and egg density (TE, EDH, OIH) with the incidence of DHF. It concluded that the density of egg density and larvae / pupa density in a house can be used to estimate the risk of dengue fever from family members in the house.

Knowledge and Practice in the Malaria Prevention in Community of Kupang City and Kupang District Lona, Elshaday Yunita; Wanti; Rahmawati, Ety; Sila, Oktovianus; Singga, Siprianus; Sadukh, Johannes Pitreyadi
proceedinginternational Vol. 3 (2023): Proceeding International Health Conference, 1th July 2023
Publisher : POLTEKKES KEMENKES PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33761/jd.v3i.10

Malaria is a public health problem in the world, including in Indonesia and Nusa Tenggara Timor (NTT) Province. Kupang District was including the highest malaria cases in NTT in the last 3 years. Kupang City was including the lowest malaria cases in the last 3 years. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge about malaria and community actions in malaria prevention in Kupang City and Kupang District. This descriptive survey was conducted with variables were knowledge about malaria and practice in malaria prevention. The samples in this study were people in Kupang City and Kupang District, with inclusion criteria: 17 years old or older, able to read and write, domiciled in Kupang City or Kupang District and can fill out the google form link that was distributed. The sample size is 100 people in each selected district or a total of 200 people with accidental sampling technique. The results of the study on the level of public knowledge about malaria in Kupang City and Kupang District were different, namely for the Kupang City it was 79 people in the good category (79%) and for Kupang District it was in the sufficient category, namely 40 people (40%). Community actions in malaria prevention in Kupang City and Kupang District are included in the poor category, namely for Kupang City 56 people (56%) and for Kupang Regency 72 people (72%). It is hoped that the community will further increase actions in malaria prevention. For puskesmas to provide counseling to the community more often.

Effectiveness of Insecticide Treated Mosquito Nets on the Death of Anopheles subpictus Mosquitoes Rahmawati, Ety; Sadukh, Johanis JP; Sila, Oktofianus
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 10 No SpecialIssue (2024): Science Education, Ecotourism, Health Science
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v10iSpecialIssue.7922

The prevalence of malaria in East Nusa Tenggara based on positive diagnosis results containing malaria parasites and symptoms in the 2013 - 2015 period decreased but has not yet reached the National Strategic Plan target, namely in 2013 it was 21 per 1,000 population (o/oo), in 2014 it was 14 o/oo, and in 2015 it became 8 o/oo (NTT Health Office, 2016). In 2017 there was a spike in malaria cases to 211,409 cases (API = 44.96 o/oo). Kupang Regency with 1,108 cases (API = 24.87 o/oo). Malaria cases in the Tarus Community Health Center work area are the eighth highest, namely 7 cases. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of insecticide-treated bed nets on the death of Anopheles subpictus mosquitoes. The variables observed were the length of time the mosquito net was used, the frequency of washing the mosquito net, the method of washing the mosquito net, and the percentage of Anopheles subpictus mosquito deaths. The effectiveness of insecticide-treated bed nets on the death of Anophles subpictus mosquitoes with usage time < 3 years (100%), usage time 3 – 5 years (70%) and usage time > 5 years (40%). The effectiveness of insecticide-treated bed nets that have never been washed reaches 100% mortality within 24 hours of observation. Meanwhile, mosquito nets with a washing frequency of 1 – 10 times (70%) kill mosquitoes, and a washing frequency of > 10 times (50%). The method of washing mosquito nets carried out by the community in the Puskesmas Working Area is 100% using detergent. In the control group that used mosquito nets that did not contain insecticide, no Anopheles subpictus mosquito deaths occurred (0%). Suggestions for health workers to increase education regarding the correct use of mosquito nets, so that a higher level of effectiveness of mosquito nets is obtained as a means of personal protection in avoiding mosquito bites.

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