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All Journal Veritas et Justitia PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) JURISDICTIE Jurnal Hukum dan Syariah Indonesian Journal of International Law JIPRO : Journal Of Intellectual Property Reformasi Hukum Mandub: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia
Ahmad M. Ramli
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Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Harmonisasi Hukum Perusahaan di ASEAN sebagai Faktor Fundamental dalam Implementasi Kegiatan Merger and Acquisition (M&As) Wardhana, I Nyoman Wisnu; Ramli, Ahmad M.
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 2, No 2 (2015): PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Padjadjaran University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4396.826 KB)

Abstract

Sebagai wadah kerja sama regional Asia Tenggara, ASEAN tengah memasuki suatu tahapan penting dalam proses peningkatan kerja sama kawasan. Tahapan tersebut merupakan salah satu respon dari perkembangan yang terjadi dalam era globalisasi dan perdagangan bebas. Berbekal dengan semangat awal pembentukan ASEAN yang berdasarkan tiga pilar kerja sama di bidang politik, ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya, ASEAN memperkuat kerja sama dengan pembangunan dibidang ekonomi yang bersifat fundamental melalui proses integrasi ekonomi negara-negara ASEAN. Pembangunan kerja sama di ASEAN dapat ditinjau berdasarkan konsep hukum pembangunan yang diperluas ke dalam ruang lingkup suatu kawasan, dan konsep pembentukan sistem hukum untuk suatu kawasan.  Berdasarkan perspektif dan pokok pikiran yang terkandung dalam hukum pembangunan oleh Mochtar Kusumaatmadja, maka keberadaan harmonisasi hukum perusahaan dapat difungsikan sebagai suatu bentuk penyatuan dasar kerja sama negara-negara satu kawasan. Hal ini di dukung oleh adanya fakta bahwa pluralisme masyarakat ASEAN membutuhkan kehadiran hukum yang mampu menjamin adanya ketertiban dan kesamaan perlakuan (equality). Kerja sama di ASEAN dengan salah satu inisiatif penyatuan ekonomi memiliki potensi yang sangat besar untuk dikembangkan dalam rangka peningkatkan ekonomi kawasan. Tujuan dari harmonisasi hukum (perusahaan) sangatlah jelas, yaitu ketertiban dalam lingkup masyarakat yang plural (ASEAN) dan kesamaan perlakuan dalam bentuk keadilan yang bersifat distributif, serta adanya manfaat yang dapat dirasakan oleh seluruh entitas didalamnya.     Corporate Law Harmonization In ASEAN As Fundamental In Implementing M&A’s Activity AbstractAs a cooperation of regionalism among Southeast Asia countries, ASEAN recently entered a critical stage in its process of improving regionalism scheme. The stage of its cooperation is part of ASEAN responses due to the progress of globalization and the proliferation of free trade area. ASEAN regionalism can be analysed through the concept of legal development perspective (hukum pembangunan), in which the scope of its concept is extends into ASEAN region cooperation, instead of national scope. This concept based on the idea contained in Mochtar Kusumaatmadja theory, which was relied on the existence of company law harmonization as a form of unification basis to extend ASEAN regionalism. This concept has currently been developing towards the economic integration conducted in ASEAN. The fact that the ASEAN community is plural, thus the presence of harmonized law is essential for ensuring equality, and certainty. The harmonization of the laws, especially in the area of company law, has been clearly in the context of ASEAN necessity to utilize its regionalism. Harmonized law was proven as the effective way in order to facilitate ASEAN development, within the scope of its pluralistic society, equality of treatment (in the form of justice), and therefore, will provide such a benefiting region for all entities.Keywords: ASEAN, economic cooperation, economic integration, harmonised company law, legal systemDOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v2n2.a6
SWING THE ANGKLUNG TUBE IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY ERA: BASED ON INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE Rafianti, Laina; Suryamah, Aam; Putra, Afrizal Musdah Eka; Ramli, Ahmad M.
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

After the UNESCO inscription of Angklung as Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2010, the responsibility of the angklung custodian is harder. Angklung is not only must exist as a living culture but must also develop. At first, the inscription of angklung is essential to ascertain cultural identity from Indonesia. Besides, intellectual property law contributes a vital key to protect the community and individuals who create copyrighted subject matter based on angklung. Double protection for angklung in cultural and intellectual property also provides double consequences. The problem is, the relation between those two related institutions is weak. Moreover, the mechanism of protection between communal and individual intellectual proper is overlapping. Although the discussion in the IGC GRTKF is still an ongoing debate, Indonesia has regulated national regulation on TCEs with its problems in implementing legislation. Otherwise, the demand to protect the utilization of Angklung is high in this rapid and massive digital economy era. This article aims to harmonize legal instruments in cultural and intellectual property subject matter to realize comprehensive protection for Angklung and determine the implementation step of protection and utilization of Angklung in the digital economy era after the inscription of the UNESCO. After mapping the legal instruments regarding culture and intellectual property, the researcher concluded that it needs a grounded implementing legislation besides the existing legal instruments. The government cannot achieve the protection alone without willpower and coordination with custodians, artists, and educational institutions in preserving and developing Angklung.
IMPLEMENTASI DESAIN PRIVASI SEBAGAI PELINDUNGAN PRIVASI ATAS DATA BIOMETRIK Sembiring, Patricia Edina; Ramli, Ahmad M.; Rafianti, Laina
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v10i1.7622

Abstract

Attention to biometric data security has become urgent for protecting user privacy. In the context of the Protection of Data Privacy (PDP) Law, biometric data are classified as specific data, requiring extra protection due to their unique, non-exchangeable characteristics. This study uses a normative approach, analyzing legislation and legal comparisons through regional and international regulations, to examine two issues: the position of biometric data as specific data under the Electronic Information and Transactions Law and PDP Law, and the technical solutions through privacy by design to protect biometric data. The research findings are: (1) Biometric data are correlated with privacy and personal rights, classifying them as specific data. Their use for public and private interests raises the potential for privacy violations. (2) Technical solutions through privacy by design can begin with implementing consent at the registration stage by personal data controllers, ensuring the processing of biometric data achieves specific purposes.
Pelindungan Merek Terhadap Penyesatan Afiliasi Merek Dalam Dunia Digital Berdasarkan UU Merek dan UU ITE Salsabila, Shafa; Ramli, Ahmad M.; Permata, Rika Ratna
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 2, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11110465

Abstract

The development of internet technology in Indonesia is on the rise. This aligns with the increasing level of crime due to the lack of boundaries in the digital world. One of these crimes is in the area of trade, where bad-faith business actors often engage in brand affiliation deception. Brand affiliation deception refers to a situation where certain parties piggyback on a genuine brand to create a misleading perception, causing consumers to believe that the two brands are affiliated in business with each other. However, regulations regarding brand affiliation deception are not fully and rigidly outlined in Indonesian legislation. The aim of this study is to examine and determine which legal actions constitute brand affiliation deception in the digital world according to Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications, and Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. Additionally, the study seeks to identify which legal actions can be taken in cases of brand affiliation deception as per Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications. The research methodology employed is a normative juridical approach, utilizing document studies or literature materials with secondary data comprising primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The research results indicate that legal acts of brand affiliation deception in the digital world are classified as trademark violations in the form of passing off and cybersquatting, because brand affiliation deception can create the false assumption that the genuine brand and the piggybacking brand have business relations with each other due to bad faith. Legal actions that can be taken in the event of violations involving brand affiliation deception include filing for damages and/or brand cessation, as well as filing criminal charges as stipulated in Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications and Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions.
Protection of Economic Rights Through Royalty Optimization on Film Content in Digital Platforms Kalbu, Gabrielle Bening; Ramli, Ahmad M.; Ramli, Tasya Safiranita
Reformasi Hukum Vol 28 No 2 (2024): August Edition
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46257/jrh.v28i2.1064

Abstract

The emergence of digital platforms based on video-on-demand (VoD) has transformed the distribution and marketing of films from conventional methods to more efficient digital systems that reach wider audiences. However, this transition also presents new challenges, particularly in protecting copyright and related rights, especially regarding the distribution of royalties as part of the creator’s economic rights. This study aims to examine the current legal framework and the urgency of establishing a fair royalty distribution system in the digital film industry. Using a normative juridical method with a descriptive-analytical approach, the study analyzes relevant primary legal sources. The findings show that there is no standardized mechanism for royalty distribution among copyright holders and related rights owners, particularly for works distributed via digital platforms. Royalty agreements are often based on private contracts that vary significantly and lack legal oversight, leaving creators vulnerable to exploitation. The study concludes that a comprehensive and adaptive legal framework is urgently needed. It is recommended that the government and industry stakeholders develop clear, transparent, and equitable digital-based royalty distribution regulations to ensure fair compensation for all rights holders.
DINAMIKA KONVERGENSI HUKUM TELEMATIKA DALAM SISTEM HUKUM NASIONAL Ramli, Ahmad M.
Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia Vol 5, No 4 (2008): Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia - Desember 2008
Publisher : Direktorat Jenderal Peraturan Perundang-undang, Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54629/jli.v5i4.302

Abstract

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HARMONIZING SHARIA PRINCIPLES AND E-COMMERCE REGULATION: Comparative Insights from Indonesia and Asean Member States Zulkifli, Zulkifli; Ramli, Ahmad M.; Abdurahman, Ali; Kaluku, Julisa Aprilia; Karmilia, Rise
Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum dan Syariah Vol 16, No 1 (2025): Jurisdictie
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j.v16i1.31378

Abstract

The rapid expansion of e-commerce in ASEAN presents significant economic potential but also poses pressing challenges in integrating Sharia principles into regulatory frameworks. Regulatory fragmentation among member states, along with limited oversight, hampers the effective enforcement of core Sharia prohibitions such as riba (usury), gharar (uncertainty), and non-transparent transactions in digital commerce. This inconsistency risks undermining consumer trust and hindering the growth of Islamic digital markets across the region. This study explores the incorporation of Sharia principles into e-commerce regulations in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, and Singapore through a qualitative comparative policy analysis, document review, and expert interviews. Findings indicate that Malaysia and Brunei have developed more mature regulatory frameworks that explicitly embed Sharia norms, whereas Indonesia and Singapore encounter structural and technical barriers to similar integration. Moreover, emerging technologies such as blockchain and smart contracts show promise in enhancing transparency and facilitating Sharia compliance. This article contributes to the discourse by recommending the establishment of an ASEAN-level coordinating body to harmonize Sharia-compliant e-commerce regulations and develop adaptable guidelines for member states. Such an institutional approach is vital for fostering regulatory coherence, enhancing market confidence, and supporting the sustainable development of Islamic digital finance. Future research should focus on leveraging advanced digital technologies to operationalize Sharia compliance across ASEAN’s digital economy. Perkembangan pesat e-commerce di ASEAN menawarkan potensi ekonomi yang besar namun juga menghadirkan tantangan mendesak dalam mengintegrasikan prinsip-prinsip Syariah ke dalam kerangka regulasi. Fragmentasi regulasi antarnegara anggota, disertai dengan pengawasan yang terbatas, menghambat penegakan efektif larangan-larangan utama Syariah seperti riba (bunga), gharar (ketidakpastian), dan transaksi yang tidak transparan dalam perdagangan digital. Ketidakkonsistenan regulasi ini berisiko merusak kepercayaan konsumen dan pertumbuhan pasar digital Islam di kawasan tersebut. Penelitian ini mengkaji sejauh mana prinsip Syariah telah diintegrasikan dalam regulasi e-commerce di Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, dan Singapura melalui analisis kebijakan komparatif kualitatif, tinjauan dokumen, dan wawancara ahli. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Malaysia dan Brunei telah mengembangkan kerangka regulasi yang lebih matang dengan secara eksplisit memasukkan norma-norma Syariah, sementara Indonesia dan Singapura menghadapi hambatan struktural dan teknis dalam integrasi serupa. Selain itu, teknologi baru seperti blockchain dan smart contract menunjukkan potensi besar dalam meningkatkan transparansi dan memfasilitasi kepatuhan Syariah. Artikel ini memberikan kontribusi dengan merekomendasikan pembentukan lembaga koordinasi tingkat ASEAN untuk menyelaraskan regulasi e-commerce yang sesuai Syariah serta mengeluarkan pedoman yang dapat disesuaikan bagi negara anggota. Pendekatan kelembagaan ini sangat penting untuk mendorong konsistensi regulasi, meningkatkan kepercayaan pasar, dan mendukung pengembangan berkelanjutan keuangan digital Islam. Penelitian lanjutan disarankan fokus pada pemanfaatan teknologi digital maju untuk mengoperasionalkan kepatuhan Syariah di ekonomi digital ASEAN.
Pengaturan Dampak Risiko Kecerdasan Artifisial dalam Tinjauan Perbandingan EU AI Act 2024 dan Hukum Positif di Indonesia Ashyla Safani; Ahmad M. Ramli; Prita Amalia
Mandub : Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): September : Mandub: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora
Publisher : STAI YPIQ BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59059/mandub.v3i3.2650

Abstract

Currently, the digital era has penetrated most sectors of humanity, where one of the people who are penetrated is the Indonesian people. Data shows that internet users in Indonesia have reached 221 million, equivalent to 79.5 percent of Indonesia's total population. Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest number of internet users in the world. Some of them are the use of Artificial Intelligence in driving, in digital marketplace services, and in responding to consumer complaints. However, these things are not entirely free from the potential adverse risks that can befall consumers. So far, the Indonesian Positive Law regulation has not yet reached the regulation of the impact of potential adverse risks to consumers who use products containing Artificial Intelligence. On the other hand, the European Union has already regulated the impact of adverse risks in the use of Artificial Intelligence. Therefore, this research will try to adopt the norm from the European Union and initiate it as an answer to the regulation of the impact of risks in the utilization of Artificial Intelligence in the perspective of Indonesian Law.
PEMANFAATAN MUSIK BUATAN AI MELALUI DEEPFAKE: STUDI HUKUM KOMPARATIF INDONESIA DAN AMERIKA SERIKAT Latifatunnisa, Raihani; Ramli, Ahmad M.; Mayana, Ranti Fauza
JIPRO: Journal of Intellectual Property JIPRO, Vol. 7, No.2, 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/jipro.vol7.iss2.art5

Abstract

The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has enabled the creation of music through deepfake methods that realistically mimic the voice, style, and characteristics of artists without their involvement or consent. While this innovation brings new possibilities to the music industry, it also raises significant legal issues, particularly regarding the recognition of AI as an author, the legal protection of AI-generated musical works, and the potential infringement of the original creator’s economic and moral rights. This study aims to examine the legal status and protection of musical works produced by AI using deepfake techniques under Indonesian Law No. 28 of 2014 on Copyright, and to compare it with the legal system of the United States. This research employs a normative juridical method, combining a descriptive-analytical and comparative law approach, with a focus on secondary data derived from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources. The findings show that neither Indonesia nor the United States currently recognizes AI as a creator. Copyright protection is only granted if there is a significant human contribution to the creation process. However, Indonesia lacks specific regulations addressing AI, deepfake technology, or objective standards to assess originality and the threshold of similarity, which creates legal uncertainty in enforcing copyright law for AI-generated music.
Co-Authors Aam Suryamah Abdurahman, Ali Ashyla Safani I Nyoman Wisnu Wardhana, I Nyoman Wisnu Julisa Aprilia Kaluku Kalbu, Gabrielle Bening Karmilia, Rise Laina Rafianti Latifatunnisa, Raihani Prita Amalia Putra, Afrizal Musdah Eka Ramli, Tasya Safiranita Ranti Fauza Mayana Rika Ratna Permata Salsabila, Shafa Sembiring, Patricia Edina Zulkifli Zulkifli