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All Journal Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Majalah Kesehatan FKUB JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Pediatric Sciences Journal Vision Science and Eye Health Journal IJRETINA - International Journal of Retina Ophthalmologica Indonesiana Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Lely Retno W
Department Of Ophthalmology, Universitas Brawijaya, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE (IOP) IN CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES IN MALANG; WHICH TYPE OF DISABILITY IS MOST AT RISK? Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident YURIKE MANDRASARI; Lely Retno Wulandari; Nanda Wahyu Anandita; Anny Sulistiyowati
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/67b5nb71

Abstract

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Visual disabilities are the highest percentage of disabilities affecting children under five years old at about 0.17%. Childhood glaucoma affects over 300,000 children worldwide. 6.8% of Cerebral palsy children have high IOP. Developmental disabilities children require services to manage eye development. There is not much data on their eye examinations, especially IOP. This study aimed to know IOP values in children with developmental disabilities based on the type of disabilities in Malang. Methods : We measured IOP on 233 children with developmental disabilities, 6-19 years old, in 8 special education elementary schools, divided into 6 groups based on the types, namely autism, cerebral palsy, physical impairment, intellectual impairment, deafness and speech impairment, and others (with informed consent). IOP measurement using Icare Tonometer TA03, then categorized into 2 groups, normal and high IOP. Observation period 2019-2020. Results : Tonometer measurement can be done in 320 eyes of 163 children, with mean age of 11.14 years old. The mean value of IOP was 18.62 mmHg, the lowest was 9.5 mmHg, and the highest was 31.1 mmHg (SD± 3.39). Eyes with normal lOP are 245 eyes (76.6.%) mostly from intellectual impairment and high IOP are 75 eyes (23.4.%) mostly from deafness and speech impairment. Conclusion : There is a significant difference between IOP and type of developmental disability in children. Children with deafness and speech impairment have higher IOP than others, since they have high risk of ocular problems. IOP are influenced by outflow facility, aqueous humor production rate, episcleral venous pressure and uveoscleral flow rate.
Assessing the relationship between anthropometric factors and refractive errors in school-age children: height, weight, or BMI? Risnanda, Muhammad Rafi; Anandita, Nanda Wahyu; Koentartiwi, Dyahris; Wulandari, Lely Retno
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): (Available online: 1 June 2024)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v5i1.68

Abstract

Introduction: Refractive errors (RE) are the leading cause of visual impairment and disability among children globally. Limited research exists on the relationship between anthropometric measures and refractive errors. This study aims to determine the correlation between weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and refractive errors in children. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed purposive sampling in orphanages across Malang City. Participants were selected based on specific inclusion criteria. Data on their weight, height, BMI, and types of refractive errors were collected as ordinal data. Refractive errors were measured objectively using an auto-refractometer, categorizing refractive errors as myopia and hyperopia based on spherical equivalent results. To minimize subjective bias, we utilized a large sample size and established clear inclusion and exclusion criteria. Additionally, we defined operational definitions for each standardized measurement to ensure consistency and accuracy. Statistical analyses were conducted using an unpaired T-test and Spearman’s correlation test with SPSS software. Results: A total of 362 participants aged 5–18 were included in the study, with 284 participants diagnosed with myopia and 78 with hyperopia. No significant differences were observed in mean body weight, height, or BMI between the myopia and hyperopia groups. Spearman's correlation test indicated no significant relationship between refractive errors and body weight (p > 0.05), height (p > 0.05), or BMI (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The study found no significant correlation between anthropometric status and the presence of refractive errors in children. Future research should consider more diverse settings and explore additional risk factors contributing to the prevalence of refractive abnormalities in children.
The correlation between body mass index and intraocular pressure in children without Down syndrome and children with Down syndrome Rizqillah, Aliyah Faiza; Wulandari, Lely Retno; Dewi, Nadia Artha; Anandita, Nanda Wahyu
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): (Available online: 1 June 2024)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v5i1.75

Abstract

Background: Intraocular Pressure (IOP) is the fluid pressure in the eye. Primarily, IOP is influenced by the production and drainage of aqueous humor. The IOP value is in the normal range if the production and drainage of aqueous humor are balanced so that IOP homeostasis must be maintained. Eye dysfunction can occur if the production and drainage of aqueous humour are not balanced. IOP can be influenced by factors such as Body Mass Index (BMI). This study aims to find out whether there is a correlation between BMI and IOP in children without Down syndrome and children with Down syndrome, where children with Down syndrome have one of the eye manifestations in the form of steep and thin corneas which could be one of the factors causing affect the results of IOP measurements. Methods: The research method used is quantitative-observational with a cross-sectional approach. The total research sample used in this study was 101 children aged 0 to 18 years, with details of 79 children without Down syndrome and 22 children with Down syndrome. Data were processed using the Mann-Whitney hypothesis test and T-test, as well as the Spearman correlation test. Results: The results of the study showed that there was a difference in IOP between children without Down syndrome and children with Down syndrome (p < 0.1), there was a difference in BMI results on IOP in children without Down syndrome and children with Down syndrome (p < 0.1), and there was no correlation between BMI and IOP in children without Down syndrome (p > 0.1). It was found that there was a correlation between BMI and IOP in children with Down syndrome (p < 0.1). It was stated that BMI contributed 91.7% to the increase in IOP. Conclusion: there was a significant difference in IOP and BMI results on IOP between children with and without Down syndrome. There was no correlation between BMI and IOP in children without Down syndrome, but there was a correlation between BMI and IOP in children with Down syndrome.
A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH INTO STEREOSCOPIC VISION Wulandari, Lely Retno
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2022.008.01.11

Abstract

Stereopsis (or stereoscopic) vision is the ability to see depth of perception, which is created by the difference in angle of view between both eyes. The first process is known as simultaneous perception. Objects will fall on each corresponding retina and there will be a process of fusion of the two images into one. Then, the brain initiates three-dimensional perception in visual cortex, creating stereoscopic vision. Stereoscopic vision will rapidly develop, especially at the age of 6-8 months of life. Stereoscopic is important in daily activities. There are many stereoacuity tests to evaluate stereoscopic vision. Stereoscopic examinations are based on the principle of haploscope, anaglyph, or polaroid vectograph. There are qualitative and quantitative examination methods to assess stereoscopic vision. Qualitative examinations such as Horizontal Lang Two Pencil test and Synoptophore. Quantitative examination including Contour stereopsis test and Clinical random dot stereopsis test. The inability of the eye to see stereoscopic can be called stereoblindness. This can be affected by amblyopia, decreased visual acuity, or the presence of ocular misalignment. Inability to achieve stereoscopic vision will impact an individual to perform some daily life activities, and lead to an increase in difficulty interacting in the world.
Predictors of Success in Horizontal Strabismus Surgery: Insights from a Prospective Study Tjujitno, Aurellia Valmai; Prastyani, Reni; Susanto, Joni; Loebis, Rozalina; Indriaswati, Luki; Wulandari, Lely Retno
JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Vol. 16 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/juxta.V16I12025.57-62

Abstract

Highlights: The younger age and shorter duration of misalignment are significant predictors of success in horizontal strabismus surgery. Younger patients tend to have higher success rates, and shorter durations of misalignment correlate with better surgical outcomes. Despite variations in population and surgical methods, the overall success rate of 82.3% for horizontal strabismus surgeries aligns with previous studies. This consistency underscores the reliability of surgical outcomes in different settings.   Abstract Introduction: Strabismus is an eye disorder characterized by misalignment of the eyes, which can occur in individuals of any age. This study explored the surgical outcomes of horizontal strabismus correction in patients, aiming to provide insights into the factors influencing success. Methods: A prospective study was conducted with 17 patients (n=17) who underwent surgery at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Preoperative factors, including age, duration of misalignment, and preoperative angle of strabismus, were analyzed for their impact on surgical success. The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Macintosh version 27.0 was used for data analysis. Results: This study reviewed the medical records of 17 research samples (n=17). A significant change in the median angle of deviation prism diopters (PD) preoperatively was indicated by the median Postoperative Deviation (PD) (p<0.001). A significant difference in median age at surgery was observed between successful and unsuccessful cases (p=0.035), with younger individuals exhibiting a higher success rate. The duration of misalignment emerged as a crucial factor, with a shorter duration correlating positively with a higher probability of surgical success (p<0.001). Notably, successful outcomes were achieved by all children (100%), suggesting a potential trend indicating age as a predictor of success. While the preoperative angle of strabismus did not significantly impact success, a trend emerged (p=1), indicating a potential threshold effect for more significant angles. Conclusion: Knowing the significance of age and duration of misalignment on the success rate of strabismus surgery allows for enhanced preoperative assessments, optimized timing of surgery, and developed predictive models to assist in clinical decision-making, ultimately leading to more efficient and successful surgical outcomes.
DIFFERENCES IN THE AMPLITUDE OF ACCOMMODATION BETWEEN CHILDREN WITHOUT DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES AND CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES Karim, Muhammad Rico Abdul; Wulandari, Lely Retno; Dewi, Nadia Artha; Anandita, Nanda Wahyu
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.11

Abstract

Background: Accommodation is the eye's ability to change the refractive power of the lens, allowing objects to focus on the retina at different distances. The Amplitude of Accommodation (AoA) is the closest point at which the eye can focus and the distance between the far point and near point on the diopter scale. Children with developmental disabilities (CDD) are at a higher risk of encountering vision problems, including accommodation issues. Objective: This study aims to ascertain the disparity in Amplitude of Accommodation (AoA) results between children with developmental disabilities (CDD) and those without developmental disabilities (CWDD) Methods: This research constitutes an observational study with cross-sectional data, involving 44 subjects with developmental disabilities (CDD) and 44 subjects without developmental disabilities (CWDD). The participants were further categorized into 33 deaf children (DC) and 11 children with intellectual disabilities (CID). The data were obtained from eye examinations conducted at several special schools and orphanages in the city of Malang. The examinations covered the right eye (OD), left eye (OS), and binocular vision (ODS). Results: Significant differences were identified among groups in OD (P<0.001), OS (P<0.001), and ODS (P<0.001). To assess the specific variations between groups, a Bonferroni post-hoc test was conducted. The results indicated significant differences between CWDD and DC in both OD (P<0.001), OS (P<0.001), and ODS (P<0.001). Additionally, significant differences were observed between CWDD and CID in OD (P=0.002), OS (P=0.005), and ODS (P<0.001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the average AoA value between CWDD and CDD, both CWDD-DC and CWDD-CID.
OPTIC NEURITIS AND SEIZURES IN A PEDIATRIC PATIENT: IS IT RELATED TO NEUROMYELITIS OPTICA SPECTRUM DISORDER? Wulandari, Lely Retno; Vierlia, Wino Vrieda
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.18

Abstract

Background: Optic neuritis is a significant manifestation of central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating disorders, including Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD). Pediatric cases are particularly challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other neurological conditions. Objective: This case report discusses a pediatric patient presenting with bilateral optic neuritis and seizures, raising suspicion of NMOSD. Methods: A 12-year-old male presented with acute bilateral vision loss and seizures. Comprehensive ophthalmological examinations, laboratory tests, and neuroimaging such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical coherence tomography (OCT ) were performed. Due to financial constraints, specific NMOSD diagnostics, such as AQP4-IgG antibody testing, were not conducted. The patient was treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) following the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial (ONTT) protocol and valproic acid for seizure control. Results: Significant improvement in visual acuity was observed within five days of IVMP treatment. The right eye (RE) improved from hand motions to 6/48, and the left eye (LE) from hand motions to 6/144. By day eight, further improvement in visual acuity was noted. Seizures were effectively controlled with valproic acid, and no additional neurological symptoms were reported during follow-up. MRI showed no characteristic lesions, and laboratory results were within normal limits. Conclusion: The success of treatment despite diagnostic limitations suggests that with timely intervention, favorable outcomes are possible even in challenging settings. Future research should focus on developing accessible diagnostic tools and protocols that can be implemented in resource-limited environments. Additionally, awareness and training for healthcare providers in such settings are essential to improve early recognition and treatment of NMOSD.
STATUS REFRAKSI DAN KELENGKUNGAN KORNEA PADA ANAK DENGAN SINDROMA DOWN DI POLI MATA RSUD Dr. SAIFUL ANWAR MALANG Anandita, Nanda Wahyu; Herdita, Zahra Naura; Cahya, Srestha Indra; Onassis, Marvel; Wulandari, Lely Retno
Majalah Kesehatan Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025): Majalah Kesehatan
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/majalahkesehatan.2025.012.02.4

Abstract

Anak dengan sindroma Down memiliki risiko lebih tinggi mengalami gangguan refraksi dan kelainan anatomi okular lainnya. Deteksi dini sangat penting untuk mencegah gangguan penglihatan yang dapat memperburuk kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan status refraksi dan kelengkungan kornea pada anak dengan sindroma Down berdasarkan data dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Data diperoleh dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat terhadap anak dengan sindroma Down di RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Status refraksi diukur menggunakan autorefraktometer (Canon RK-F2) dan retinoskopi streak (Keeler Inc), sedangkan kelengkungan kornea diukur dengan autorefraktometer. Dari 50 anak dengan sindroma Down yang mengikuti kegiatan, hanya 27 anak (54 mata) yang dapat diperiksa refraksi objektifnya, dan 20 anak (40 mata) yang dapat dilakukan pengukuran kelengkungan kornea. Ditemukan 33 mata dengan miopia (61,1%), 13 mata dengan hipermetropia (24,1%), dan 41 mata dengan astigmatisme (75,9%). Kelengkungan kornea terendah tercatat sebesar 44,00 D dan tertinggi 50,38 D, dengan rata-rata sebesar 45,95 D. Mayoritas anak dengan sindroma Down dalam studi ini mengalami kelainan refraksi. Pemeriksaan mata pada kelompok ini memang memiliki tantangan tersendiri,dengan pemeriksaan awal refraksi dapat digunakan sebagai deteksi dini gangguan refraksi.  
The influence of intraocular pressure and accommodation amplitude on refractive status in school-age children Marzuqi, Ahmad Azhar; Abdullah, Aulia Abdul Hamid; Wulandari, Lely Retno; Anandita, Nanda Wahyu
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Available online : 1 June 2025
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v6i1.115

Abstract

Introduction: Refraction is the ability of the eye to refract light, which is divided into 3 categories of refractive status (RS), namely emmetropia, myopia, and hypermetropia. Increasing age in school-age children is also accompanied by the development of intraocular pressure (IOP) and accommodation amplitude (AA) values, which are assumed to affect retinal sensitivity (RS). Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of partial and simultaneous interactions between age, intraocular pressure (IOP), and age-related macular degeneration (AA) on retinal sensitivity (RS) in school-age children. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized 236 eyeballs from children aged ≤18 years who consented to participate and completed all eye examinations at the Al-Ikhlas Singosari Orphanage in Malang. Variables included age, IOP, AA, and RS converted into spherical equivalent (SE). Data analysis employed partial and simultaneous regression tests. Result: Partially, increased age, IOP, and decreased AA influenced myopia (6.6%, 33.3%, and 19.1%, respectively), while reduced age, increased IOP, and increased AA influenced hypermetropia (14.3%, 47.2%, and 12.2%). Simultaneously, these variables affected myopia RS by 0.6% and hypermetropia RS by 2.6%, though not significantly. Conclusion: Age, IOP, and AA show effects on myopia and hypermetropia RS both partially and simultaneously, but the influence is small and insignificant.
Pengaruh Status Refraksi terhadap Stereopsis Dekat pada Anak Usia Sekolah: Hasil Penelitian Wahyudi, I Nyoman Surya Ari; Wulandari, Lely Retno; Anandita, Nanda Wahyu; Sulistiyowati, Anny
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 3 (2025): Oftalmologi dan Dermatologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i3.1322

Abstract

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the effect of refractive status on near stereopsis function among school-age children. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study in 13 orphanages in Malang city with 334 respondents. Visual acuity (VA) and inter-eye line difference were measured using LogMAR of LVRC chart. Refractive status was determined using spherical equivalent (SE) of autorefractometer, classified into emmetropia, myopia and hypermetropia (low, moderate, and high). Near stereopsis was measured using TNO and Butterfly test in arcsecond and completion time also calculated. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman test. Results: There were significant differences of refractive status and inter-eye line difference to both TNO and butterfly score and time (p<0.05). The group with more severe refractive status and more inter-eye line difference in VA have lower stereopsis score and longer completion time. There were no differences between the age group to both TNO and butterfly score and time (p>0.05). There was a positive correlation between TNO and butterfly test (p<0.05, r= 0.365). Conclusion: There is a significant difference of refractive status and inter-eye line difference on near stereopsis function in school-aged children. Stereopsis test may be beneficial for screening of refractive disorder.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Aulia Abdul Hamid Anny Sulistiyowati Aulia Rachma Nur Azizah Cahya, Srestha Indra Effendi, Ma'sum Fariz Nufiarwan Hanik Badriyah Hidayati,* Mohammad Hasan Machfoed,* Kuntoro,** Soetojo,*** Budi Santoso,**** Suroto,***** Budi Utomo****** Hardian Wicaksono Hariwati Hariwati Herdita, Zahra Naura Herwindo Dicky Putranto Hidayat Sujuti Hidayat Sujuti Hidayat Suyuti Indri Wahyuni Indriaswati, Dyah Kusworini Joni Susanto, Joni Karim, Muhammad Rico Abdul Koentartiwi, Dyahris Kristina Radika HK Ma'sum Effendi Marzuqi, Ahmad Azhar Nabilah Afifah Nadia Artha Dewi Onassis, Marvel Prastyani, Reni Risnanda, Muhammad Rafi Rizqillah, Aliyah Faiza Rofa Husnul Khuluqi Rozalina Loebis, Rozalina Safaruddin Refa Sulistiyowati, Anny Susanto Nugroho Syarifah Rohaya Tjujitno, Aurellia Valmai Vierlia, Wino Vrieda Wahyu Anandita, Nanda Wahyudi, I Nyoman Surya Ari Wino Vrieda Vierlia Yunneke Renna Xaverina Yurike Mandrasari