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EFFECTS OF COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA) EXTRACT IN VEGF EXPRESSION OF CORNEAL INFLAMMATION RAT MODEL (RATTUS NOVERGICUS STRAIN WISTAR) Trika Nur Hasan, Yuliono; Wahyu Anandita, Nanda; Khotimah, Husnul
Saintika Medika: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga Vol 10, No 1 (2014): Juni 2014
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.v10i1.4148

Purpose : to evaluate the effects of Methanolic extract of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) administration on vascular endothelial growthfactor (VEGF) expression in rats with corneal-alkali induced inflammation.Methods : This was an interventional experimental study. Sixty three rats were randomly selected, 3 rats as control, 60 rats were treatedwith 1 M NaOH (as inflammation model) and administered with 25 Ã¬M,50 Ã¬M and 100 Ã¬M of genistein in Cowpea (Vignaungucuilata) extract four times daily. Alkali burn by 1 M NaOH infiltration using filter paper applicated on the center cornea of righteye for 60 seconds. Aquabidest as positive control and Cowpea (Vigna ungucuilata) extract treatment perfused immediately after alkali burn.VEGF observed at 6, 24, 48, 96 and 168 hours by immunohistochemical method.Results : Each dose of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) extract administration significantly decreased the VEGF expression ( p = 0,00). Differences of VEGF expression based on administration time were not significant (p=0,033). Interaction between time of administrationand dose of administration had influenced the VEGF expression (R Square(r2) =24,7 %). The Linear regression between VEGF expression and dose resulted in estimated effective dose (ED) with Y = 16.486â€“0.079 X( Y = V E G F e x p r e s s i o n , X =d o s e o f a d m i n i s t r a t i o n ) . Considering VEGF expression in normal cornea was 12, wefound the effective dose of methanolic Vigna unguiculata extract was 61.94 Ã¬M.Conclusion :Methanolic extract of Cowpea(Vigna unguiculata) decreased the VEGF expression on alkali burn corneal inflammationin rats but no differences in VEGF expression based on time administration. Dose of 50 Ã¬M genistein in Methanolic extract ofCowpea (Vigna unguiculata) was close to effective dose 61.94 Ã¬M.Keywords : VEGF expression, alkali burn, Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) extract, cornea.

EFFECTS OF COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA) EXTRACT IN VEGF EXPRESSION OF CORNEAL INFLAMMATION RAT MODEL (RATTUS NOVERGICUS STRAIN WISTAR) Yuliono Trika Nur Hasan; Nanda Wahyu Anandita; Husnul Khotimah
Saintika Medika Vol. 10 No. 1 (2014): Juni 2014
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/sm.v10i1.4148

Purpose : to evaluate the effects of Methanolic extract of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) administration on vascular endothelial growthfactor (VEGF) expression in rats with corneal-alkali induced inflammation.Methods : This was an interventional experimental study. Sixty three rats were randomly selected, 3 rats as control, 60 rats were treatedwith 1 M NaOH (as inflammation model) and administered with 25 ìM,50 ìM and 100 ìM of genistein in Cowpea (Vignaungucuilata) extract four times daily. Alkali burn by 1 M NaOH infiltration using filter paper applicated on the center cornea of righteye for 60 seconds. Aquabidest as positive control and Cowpea (Vigna ungucuilata) extract treatment perfused immediately after alkali burn.VEGF observed at 6, 24, 48, 96 and 168 hours by immunohistochemical method.Results : Each dose of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) extract administration significantly decreased the VEGF expression ( p = 0,00). Differences of VEGF expression based on administration time were not significant (p=0,033). Interaction between time of administrationand dose of administration had influenced the VEGF expression (R Square(r2) =24,7 %). The Linear regression between VEGF expression and dose resulted in estimated effective dose (ED) with Y = 16.486–0.079 X( Y = V E G F e x p r e s s i o n , X =d o s e o f a d m i n i s t r a t i o n ) . Considering VEGF expression in normal cornea was 12, wefound the effective dose of methanolic Vigna unguiculata extract was 61.94 ìM.Conclusion :Methanolic extract of Cowpea(Vigna unguiculata) decreased the VEGF expression on alkali burn corneal inflammationin rats but no differences in VEGF expression based on time administration. Dose of 50 ìM genistein in Methanolic extract ofCowpea (Vigna unguiculata) was close to effective dose 61.94 ìM.Keywords : VEGF expression, alkali burn, Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) extract, cornea.

CENTRAL CORNEAL THICKNESS IN METABOLIC SYNDROME POPULATION, NON-METABOLIC SYNDROME POPULATION, AND DIFFERENT BODY MASS INDEX POPULATION ROFA HUSNUL KHULUQI; Nina Handayani; Nanda Wahyu Anandita
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/d5c5ng91

Introduction & ObjectivesCentral corneal Thickness (CCT) is associated with many factors including systemic disease. Thisstudy aims to evaluate and compare the CCT values in Metabolic Syndrome (MS) population, Non-Metabolic Syndrome (non-MS) population, and all different Body Mass Index (BMI) population. MethodsThis population-based & community service-based cross sectional study, conducted on September-November 2019 in 3 rural areas of Malang. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects.CCT was measured with ultrasound pachymeter. The diagnosis of MS was based on InternationalDiabetes Foundation 2006 criteria. Subjects were classified into 2 groups by MS and non-MS, alsostratifed by BMI, gender, and age. Differences in CCT value between groups based on MS & non-MS, BMI, age, and gender were analyzed. ResultsA total of 890 subjects aged ? 40 years old were included in this study, whereas 400 subjects werediagnosed as MS (44.9%) and 490 (55.1%) others as non-MS. Mean CCT of MS were significantlygreater than that of non-MS (549.743±43.22 ?m, P<0.05). Mean CCT of obese subjects weresignificantly greatest among other BMI groups (549.036±48.31 ?m, P<0.05). Mean CCT in womenwere significantly greater than that in men (546.268±39, P<0.05). Mean CCT of subjects aged 40–49years were significantly greatest among other age groups (551.278±33,33, P<0.05). ConclusionMS population had greater CCT value as compare to non-MS population. Obese population hadgreatest CCT value than overweight, normal, and underweight population. These findings may haveimplications for understanding the relationship between CCT changes and metabolic syndrome, aswell as BMI.

THE METHODS OF ASSESSING VISUAL ACUITY IN CHILDREN IN COMMUNITY SETTING IN MALANG Ifada Hariani Kusuma; Rofa Husnul Khuluqi; Nanda Wahyu Anandita
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/c8ry9f15

Introduction & ObjectivesEarly visual acuity assessment in children is crucial for conducting early intervention to improvetheir literation quality. The examination in children often experiences difficulties, thus appropriateapproach and method are needed. The objective of this examination is to measure visual acuity inchildren using four different methods. MethodsThis observational-descriptive study with cross-sectional design was established based on secondarydata collected through community service setting in two orphanages in Malang. This study includedchildren with an age range from 0.5 year-old to 12 year-old. All children underwent visual acuityexamination using Lea numbers, Lea symbols, Ivory Ball, and Mounted Ball. ResultsA total of 57 children underwent visual acuity examination. The mean age of subjects was 5.9 (SD3.05) year-old. The caretaker of the orphanage had been informed and consented about theexamination and data analysis. Among those children, 26 (45.6%) were examined with Lea numbers,19 (33.3%) children with Lea symbols, 6 (10.5%) children with Ivory Ball, and 6 (10.5%) childrenwith Mounted Ball. The examination results were 33 (57.9%) children who had normal visual acuity,14 (24.6%) children with mild visual impairment, 7 (12.3%) children with moderate visualimpairment, 1 (1.8%) child with severe visual impairment, and 1 (1.8%) child considered blind. ConclusionLea numbers, Lea symbols, Ivory Ball, and Mounted Ball could be used effectively to measurechildren visual acuity in community setting.

INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE (IOP) IN CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES IN MALANG; WHICH TYPE OF DISABILITY IS MOST AT RISK? Oral Presentation - Observational Study - Resident YURIKE MANDRASARI; Lely Retno Wulandari; Nanda Wahyu Anandita; Anny Sulistiyowati
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 49 No S2 (2023): Supplement Edition
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/67b5nb71

Abstract Introduction & Objectives : Visual disabilities are the highest percentage of disabilities affecting children under five years old at about 0.17%. Childhood glaucoma affects over 300,000 children worldwide. 6.8% of Cerebral palsy children have high IOP. Developmental disabilities children require services to manage eye development. There is not much data on their eye examinations, especially IOP. This study aimed to know IOP values in children with developmental disabilities based on the type of disabilities in Malang. Methods : We measured IOP on 233 children with developmental disabilities, 6-19 years old, in 8 special education elementary schools, divided into 6 groups based on the types, namely autism, cerebral palsy, physical impairment, intellectual impairment, deafness and speech impairment, and others (with informed consent). IOP measurement using Icare Tonometer TA03, then categorized into 2 groups, normal and high IOP. Observation period 2019-2020. Results : Tonometer measurement can be done in 320 eyes of 163 children, with mean age of 11.14 years old. The mean value of IOP was 18.62 mmHg, the lowest was 9.5 mmHg, and the highest was 31.1 mmHg (SD± 3.39). Eyes with normal lOP are 245 eyes (76.6.%) mostly from intellectual impairment and high IOP are 75 eyes (23.4.%) mostly from deafness and speech impairment. Conclusion : There is a significant difference between IOP and type of developmental disability in children. Children with deafness and speech impairment have higher IOP than others, since they have high risk of ocular problems. IOP are influenced by outflow facility, aqueous humor production rate, episcleral venous pressure and uveoscleral flow rate.

Assessing the relationship between anthropometric factors and refractive errors in school-age children: height, weight, or BMI? Risnanda, Muhammad Rafi; Anandita, Nanda Wahyu; Koentartiwi, Dyahris; Wulandari, Lely Retno
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): (Available online: 1 June 2024)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v5i1.68

Introduction: Refractive errors (RE) are the leading cause of visual impairment and disability among children globally. Limited research exists on the relationship between anthropometric measures and refractive errors. This study aims to determine the correlation between weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and refractive errors in children. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed purposive sampling in orphanages across Malang City. Participants were selected based on specific inclusion criteria. Data on their weight, height, BMI, and types of refractive errors were collected as ordinal data. Refractive errors were measured objectively using an auto-refractometer, categorizing refractive errors as myopia and hyperopia based on spherical equivalent results. To minimize subjective bias, we utilized a large sample size and established clear inclusion and exclusion criteria. Additionally, we defined operational definitions for each standardized measurement to ensure consistency and accuracy. Statistical analyses were conducted using an unpaired T-test and Spearman’s correlation test with SPSS software. Results: A total of 362 participants aged 5–18 were included in the study, with 284 participants diagnosed with myopia and 78 with hyperopia. No significant differences were observed in mean body weight, height, or BMI between the myopia and hyperopia groups. Spearman's correlation test indicated no significant relationship between refractive errors and body weight (p > 0.05), height (p > 0.05), or BMI (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The study found no significant correlation between anthropometric status and the presence of refractive errors in children. Future research should consider more diverse settings and explore additional risk factors contributing to the prevalence of refractive abnormalities in children.

The correlation between body mass index and intraocular pressure in children without Down syndrome and children with Down syndrome Rizqillah, Aliyah Faiza; Wulandari, Lely Retno; Dewi, Nadia Artha; Anandita, Nanda Wahyu
Pediatric Sciences Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): (Available online: 1 June 2024)
Publisher : Medical Faculty of Brawijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/pedscij.v5i1.75

Background: Intraocular Pressure (IOP) is the fluid pressure in the eye. Primarily, IOP is influenced by the production and drainage of aqueous humor. The IOP value is in the normal range if the production and drainage of aqueous humor are balanced so that IOP homeostasis must be maintained. Eye dysfunction can occur if the production and drainage of aqueous humour are not balanced. IOP can be influenced by factors such as Body Mass Index (BMI). This study aims to find out whether there is a correlation between BMI and IOP in children without Down syndrome and children with Down syndrome, where children with Down syndrome have one of the eye manifestations in the form of steep and thin corneas which could be one of the factors causing affect the results of IOP measurements. Methods: The research method used is quantitative-observational with a cross-sectional approach. The total research sample used in this study was 101 children aged 0 to 18 years, with details of 79 children without Down syndrome and 22 children with Down syndrome. Data were processed using the Mann-Whitney hypothesis test and T-test, as well as the Spearman correlation test. Results: The results of the study showed that there was a difference in IOP between children without Down syndrome and children with Down syndrome (p < 0.1), there was a difference in BMI results on IOP in children without Down syndrome and children with Down syndrome (p < 0.1), and there was no correlation between BMI and IOP in children without Down syndrome (p > 0.1). It was found that there was a correlation between BMI and IOP in children with Down syndrome (p < 0.1). It was stated that BMI contributed 91.7% to the increase in IOP. Conclusion: there was a significant difference in IOP and BMI results on IOP between children with and without Down syndrome. There was no correlation between BMI and IOP in children without Down syndrome, but there was a correlation between BMI and IOP in children with Down syndrome.

DIFFERENCES IN THE AMPLITUDE OF ACCOMMODATION BETWEEN CHILDREN WITHOUT DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES AND CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES Karim, Muhammad Rico Abdul; Wulandari, Lely Retno; Dewi, Nadia Artha; Anandita, Nanda Wahyu
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.11

Background: Accommodation is the eye's ability to change the refractive power of the lens, allowing objects to focus on the retina at different distances. The Amplitude of Accommodation (AoA) is the closest point at which the eye can focus and the distance between the far point and near point on the diopter scale. Children with developmental disabilities (CDD) are at a higher risk of encountering vision problems, including accommodation issues. Objective: This study aims to ascertain the disparity in Amplitude of Accommodation (AoA) results between children with developmental disabilities (CDD) and those without developmental disabilities (CWDD) Methods: This research constitutes an observational study with cross-sectional data, involving 44 subjects with developmental disabilities (CDD) and 44 subjects without developmental disabilities (CWDD). The participants were further categorized into 33 deaf children (DC) and 11 children with intellectual disabilities (CID). The data were obtained from eye examinations conducted at several special schools and orphanages in the city of Malang. The examinations covered the right eye (OD), left eye (OS), and binocular vision (ODS). Results: Significant differences were identified among groups in OD (P<0.001), OS (P<0.001), and ODS (P<0.001). To assess the specific variations between groups, a Bonferroni post-hoc test was conducted. The results indicated significant differences between CWDD and DC in both OD (P<0.001), OS (P<0.001), and ODS (P<0.001). Additionally, significant differences were observed between CWDD and CID in OD (P=0.002), OS (P=0.005), and ODS (P<0.001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the average AoA value between CWDD and CDD, both CWDD-DC and CWDD-CID.

Pengaruh Status Refraksi terhadap Stereopsis Dekat pada Anak Usia Sekolah: Hasil Penelitian I Nyoman Surya Ari Wahyudi; Lely Retno Wulandari; Nanda Wahyu Anandita; Anny Sulistiyowati
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 3 (2025): Oftalmologi dan Dermatologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i3.1322

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the effect of refractive status on near stereopsis function among school-age children. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study in 13 orphanages in Malang city with 334 respondents. Visual acuity (VA) and inter-eye line difference were measured using LogMAR of LVRC chart. Refractive status was determined using spherical equivalent (SE) of autorefractometer, classified into emmetropia, myopia and hypermetropia (low, moderate, and high). Near stereopsis was measured using TNO and Butterfly test in arcsecond and completion time also calculated. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman test. Results: There were significant differences of refractive status and inter-eye line difference to both TNO and butterfly score and time (p<0.05). The group with more severe refractive status and more inter-eye line difference in VA have lower stereopsis score and longer completion time. There were no differences between the age group to both TNO and butterfly score and time (p>0.05). There was a positive correlation between TNO and butterfly test (p<0.05, r= 0.365). Conclusion: There is a significant difference of refractive status and inter-eye line difference on near stereopsis function in school-aged children. Stereopsis test may be beneficial for screening of refractive disorder.

STATUS REFRAKSI DAN KELENGKUNGAN KORNEA PADA ANAK DENGAN SINDROMA DOWN DI POLI MATA RSUD Dr. SAIFUL ANWAR MALANG Anandita, Nanda Wahyu; Herdita, Zahra Naura; Cahya, Srestha Indra; Onassis, Marvel; Wulandari, Lely Retno
Majalah Kesehatan Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025): Majalah Kesehatan
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/majalahkesehatan.2025.012.02.4

Anak dengan sindroma Down memiliki risiko lebih tinggi mengalami gangguan refraksi dan kelainan anatomi okular lainnya. Deteksi dini sangat penting untuk mencegah gangguan penglihatan yang dapat memperburuk kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan status refraksi dan kelengkungan kornea pada anak dengan sindroma Down berdasarkan data dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Data diperoleh dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat terhadap anak dengan sindroma Down di RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Status refraksi diukur menggunakan autorefraktometer (Canon RK-F2) dan retinoskopi streak (Keeler Inc), sedangkan kelengkungan kornea diukur dengan autorefraktometer. Dari 50 anak dengan sindroma Down yang mengikuti kegiatan, hanya 27 anak (54 mata) yang dapat diperiksa refraksi objektifnya, dan 20 anak (40 mata) yang dapat dilakukan pengukuran kelengkungan kornea. Ditemukan 33 mata dengan miopia (61,1%), 13 mata dengan hipermetropia (24,1%), dan 41 mata dengan astigmatisme (75,9%). Kelengkungan kornea terendah tercatat sebesar 44,00 D dan tertinggi 50,38 D, dengan rata-rata sebesar 45,95 D. Mayoritas anak dengan sindroma Down dalam studi ini mengalami kelainan refraksi. Pemeriksaan mata pada kelompok ini memang memiliki tantangan tersendiri,dengan pemeriksaan awal refraksi dapat digunakan sebagai deteksi dini gangguan refraksi.

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