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All Journal International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC) Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Gusmailina
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences

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The Role of the World Trade Organization in Shaping International Relations and Trade Diplomacy Sari, Avid Leonardo; Irwandi; Gusmailina; Judijanto, Loso; Hendarto, Totok
International Journal of Science and Society Vol 6 No 3 (2024): International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC)
Publisher : GoAcademica Research & Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54783/ijsoc.v6i3.1279

Abstract

This article embarks on an extensive literature review to dissect the pivotal role of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in sculpting international relations and trade diplomacy. Recognizing the WTO as a cornerstone in global economic governance, the paper elucidates how this institution influences foreign policy strategies and fosters economic cooperation among nations. Through a meticulous analysis of scholarly articles, official WTO documents, and historical trade agreements, the study highlights the evolution of WTO's influence in steering international trade norms and resolving disputes. It underscores the dynamic interaction between WTO policies and national interests, mapping out how these interactions have shaped economic alliances and rivalries. The review further delves into the critical discourse surrounding WTO's efficacy and the challenges it faces in the modern geopolitical landscape, including emerging trade wars and protectionist trends. By weaving together different strands of academic thought, the paper aims to present a nuanced understanding of WTO's multifaceted impact on global trade dynamics and international diplomacy. The findings of this review are intended to inform policymakers, academicians, and trade practitioners about the intricate interplay of trade, diplomacy, and international relations within the ambit of the WTO.
Addressing the Global Food Security Crisis and Energy Shortages: Innovative Solutions and Policy Interventions for Sustainable Development Masriadi; Fauziah, Luluk; Gusmailina; Parandy, La Mema; Indaryati
International Journal of Science and Society Vol 6 No 1 (2024): International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC)
Publisher : GoAcademica Research & Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54783/ijsoc.v6i1.1060

Abstract

Food security crises and energy shortages are becoming increasingly pressing global challenges, exacerbated by rapid population growth and inexorable climate change. Land use conflicts, inefficiencies in food and energy systems, and impacts on biodiversity require breakthrough approaches for sustainable solutions. This research aims to investigate innovative solutions and policy interventions that can support sustainable development in overcoming this crisis. The research was conducted through a descriptive qualitative approach, with data obtained from relevant previous studies, and data analysis was carried out to identify patterns and potential solutions. The results of this research find that agricultural and energy policy reform, increased investment in clean technologies, strong international cooperation, and public education and awareness are the keys to achieving food and energy security. Innovations in sustainable agricultural technology and the development of renewable energy have proven vital in reducing dependence on fossil fuels and minimizing environmental impacts. Efficient management of water resources and food and energy systems that operate in a circular model is also important to maximize efficiency and reduce waste. Through the implementation of these strategies, global society can move towards more sustainable development, ensuring access to food and energy for all.
PRODUKSI DAN APLIKASI ARANG KOMPOS BIOAKTIF DI LAHAN PERTANIAN SEBAGAI MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT Nur Adi Sapura; Gusmailina; Sri Komarayati; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2022.40.2.49%E2%80%9360

Abstract

Community empowerment has been carried out at the Kumala Lestari Islamic boarding school, located in Sukaresmi Village,Cianjur Regency, Indonesia. The community was involved in the manufacture of bioactive compostable charcoal (ARKOBA) andits application in agricultural areas. The study was conducted through comparison of rice planting using chemical fertilizers-pesticidesand those with ARKOBA-liquid smoke. The yield amount was measured by paddy crop productivity per hectare after 4 monthperiod. The study was conducted by production of biochar from sawmill waste using a modified drum reactor. The reactor temperaturewas set into 400–450°C, while the retention time was set into 6 hours. The process produces charcoal and liquid smoke.ARKOBA production was carried out by mixing compost: charcoal: activator, with a composition of 85%: 10%: 5%. Meanwhile,the ARKOBA dose was set to 400 kg/1000m2. The result shows that the productivity of rice threated was higher than those ofchemical fertilizers. Rice productivity was recorded at 3.2 tons/ha against 2.98 tons/ha in the Ciranjang and 4 tons/ha comparedto 3.1 tons/ha in the Sukaresmi demonstration plot. Mixing ARKOBA and liquid smoke threatment provides a surplus ofaround 7.4–29% than chemical applications and becomes recommended technology for increasing rice productivity.
ANALISIS SENYAWA KIMIA Dryobalanops aromatica Gunawan Pasaribu; Gusmailina; Sri Komarayati; Zulnely; Erik Dahlian
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 32 No. 1 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.1.21-26

Abstract

Dryobalanops aromatica is a woody plant that produces non timber forest product such oil and crystal. Thechemical composition information is important for oil utilization and specific marker of the material. Traditionally, oilquality was grouped based on its colour. The whiter the colour, the better the quality. This paper examines the chemicalcontent of four oil groups and two kinds of crystal. The examination was carried out in Gas Chromatography MassSpectrometry (GCMS). The results show that the oil of Dryobalanops aromatica 1 contains borneol up to 26.02%, D. aromatica 2 contains 13.95%, D. aromatica 3 contains 24.03%, and D. aromatica 4 contains 1.09% in longiborneol form. Meanwhile, crystal 1 contains 92.70% of borneol and crystal 2 contains 90.73%. Borneol compoundcan act as chemical marker of Dryobalanops aromatica.
KARAKTERISTIK DAN POTENSI PEMANFAATAN ASAP CAIR KAYU TREMA, NANI, MERBAU, MATOA, DAN KAYU MALAS Sri Komarayati; Gusmailina; Lisna Efiyanti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 36 No. 3 (2018): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2018.36.3.219-238

Abstract

Wood is potential biomass with various benefits such as is utilizing them for liquid smoke raw material. Consequently, research on liquid smoke by pyrolysis should be conducted intensively to gain necessary information on the active content and utilization of the liquid smoke. This research is aimed to determine characteristics and potential utilization of liquid smoke made from trema, nani, merbau, matoa and malas wood. Research was conducted by pyrolysis process at 500°C for 5 hours and the liquid smoke was collected in container for analyzes. Analysis of liquid smoke characteristics included pH, specific gravity, acetic acid, phenol and other chemical component content using py-GCMS. The result showed that the pH ranged from 2.68 to 4.34, specific gravity ranged from 0.83 to 1.04, acetate 0.65–13.09%, and phenol content 0.19–2.50%. GCMS analysis showed chemical component diversity and its main component as identity of specific liquid smoke from five wood species confirmed were acetic acid (acetic acid, ethylic acid), phenolic (phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy (CAS) 2,6-dimethoxyphenol), and carbamic acid. The chemical component of liquid smoke is expected to be applied in wide variety of products based on product’s perspective, objectives and product targets that would be achieved.
KUALITAS LILIN AROMATERAPI DAN SABUN BERBAHAN MINYAK Dryobalanops aromatica Gunawan Pasaribu; Gusmailina; R. Esa Pangersa G
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.2.101-110

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the quality of aromatherapy candles and soaps that produced by the addition of Dryobalanops aromatica oil. Aromatherapy candles are made in several formulation variations, and then tested on 30 respondents to know the preference for candles. Parameters measured are prefereed for before candle burned, after burned and the perceived effects of aromatherapy. The soap is made in different formulations by adding Dryobalanops aromatica oil at 2, 4 and 6%, then tested the physico chemical properties. Results show that there are significant differencesof respondent preference between formulations before the candle is burned and formula with the lowest concentration of dryobalanop oil was most preferred. It does not indicate any preference difference between formulations after the candle is burned. However, the trend indicated that candle with medium oil concentration is more accepted. There were no significant differences in aromatherapical effects on various formulas. Aromatherapy candles formulation with the lowest concentration of dryobalanops oil is the most acceptable formulation that gives a positive effect on many respondents. Furthermore, the physico-chemical propertiesof the soap showed that water content and amountof fatty acids are below the standard limit, but the value of free fatty acid and saponified lipid levels could meet the ISO standards. Value of qualitative minerals content is negative. It was found that borneol compound as the Dryobalanops aromatica identifier in the form of endo borneol. The other encountered chemical compounds are caryophylene, alpha pinene, alpha humulene, alpha terpineol and dl-Limonene.
KOMPONEN KIMIA ORGANIK LIMA JENIS ASAP CAIR Nur Adi Saputra; Sri Komarayati; Gusmailina
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 39 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2021.39.1.39-54

Abstract

Plants such as cacao (Theobroma cacao), avocado (Persea americana), puspa (Schima wallichii), sengon(Falcataria mollucana) and tarik angin (Usnea sp.) are widely planted in the community for fruit or wood needs.Periodically, they harvest these types of wood for common uses or plant rotation purposes. In general, wood sorting is usedfor simple construction or even conventionally burned. In addition to conventional combustion techniques to produce charcoal,there is another product that can be produced, namely liquid smoke - using a combustion technique by adding a condenserto produce liquid smoke. Liquid smoke contains organic chemicals with various benefits. This study investigates the organicchemical content of liquid smoke of cacao, avocado, puspa, sengon, and tarik angin wood. The five types of materialswere carbonized using a pyrolysis reactor around 400oC. Liquid smoke was obtained by condensing fumes mechanism.Analysis of organic liquid chemical using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (GCMS) Pirolisys Type QP2010and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). GCMS analysis showed that cacao liquid smoke has thehighest concentration of acidic group, of the 45.53%, where the concentration of acetic acid was 31.81%. The presence ofthe highest phenol group was in avocado liquid smoke as much as 56.86%, where the concentration of phenol compoundsreached 41.92%. The acid and phenol groups are type of compounds contained in liquid smoke and have a lot of benefits.
ARANG DAN CUKA KAYU PRODUK HASIL HUTAN BUKAN KAYU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN DAN SERAPAN HARA KARBON Sri Komarayati; Gusmailina; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 31 No. 1 (2013): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2013.31.1.49-62

Abstract

Charcoal and wood vinegar exert significant role as carbon sources yielded from the carbonization process, and afford multi benefits in their use for enhancing plant growth and stimulating carbon nutrient absorption. In relevant, this scientific narration presents results of trial tests employing charcoal and wood vinegar on the growth media for sprouts of sengon, jabon and agarwood producing plants, which lasted for 6 months at the planting experiment site. This experiment aimed to scrutinize the growth responses of such plant sprout species; and the examine the contents of carbon, nitrogen, phosphor, potassium in the soil and in plant biomass after being added with charcoal and wood vinegar. Charcoal addition proceeded by mixing it with soil evenly, while wood vinegar addition was done by showering it on to the soil. Nurturing of plants took place by spraying wood vinegar on their stems, branches, twigs and leaves. Results revealed that the additions of charcoal and wood vinegar on the growter media for sengon sprouts increased as much as 127-208% in beight and 109-129% in diameter of the corresponding sengon plants. For jabon plants, the addition of charcoal and wood vinegar brought about in increase 117-142% as much in their beight, and 166-128% in their diameter. Meanwhile, for eaglewood producing plants there appeared still no significant growth effect attributed by such addition, since it seemingly took considerable time for them to adapt themselves. Further, the incorporation of charcoal and wood vinegar brought about an increase of carbon nutrient adsorption in the soil and biomass. Besides carbon (C), adsorption of N, P, and K nutrients also increased.
PENGARUH ARANG DAN ASAP CAIR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN ANAKAN Gyrinops sp. Gusmailina; Sri Komarayati; Heru S. Wibisono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 36 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2018.36.1.23-31

Abstract

In Indonesia, Gyrinops is one important genera of agarwood producing trees, which is relatively slow growth. Stimulant addition is one possible way to enhance agarwood tree growth by improving the physiology activity. This paper studies the effect of charcoal and liquid smoke addition into the Gyrinops sp. seedling growth. Wood charcoal at various portion of 10%, 20% and 30%, and liquid smoke of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% were added separately into seedling media. The charcoal and liquid smoke were made from mixed wood waste of sengon (Falcataria moluccana) and rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis). Results showed that in general wood charcoal and liquid smoke addition improves Gyrinops seedling growth. The addition of 4% liquid smoke addition enhanced Gyrinops’s seedling growth as indicated by seedling height and diameter increments. In conclusion, wood charcoal and liquid smoke are two potential organic materials for seedling growth improvement.
PENGARUH ARANG DAN CUKA KAYU TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN SIMPANAN KARBON Sri Komarayati; Gusmailina; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 32 No. 4 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : BRIN Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.4.313-328

Abstract

The research aimed to look into the growth responses of sengon, jabon, and agarwood seedlings; and to examine the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphor (P), and potash (K) contents in soil as well as in the biomass portions of those three plant species (i.e. their leaves, stems, and roots) after being added with charcoal and wood vinegar. It also intended to explore the potency of carbon store in such plant-biomass portions. The charcoal addition was conducted by mixing it with soil evenly and homogenously, while wood-vinegar incorporation proceeded by spraying it onto the soil. For taking care of the plants, the wood vinegar was sprayed periodically to their stems, twigs, and leaves. Results revealed that the growth of sengon seedlings achieved the greatest in height (156.33 cm) and in diameter (20.08 mm), attributed to the addition of wood vinegar (2%) and charcoal (10%). For jabon seedlings, the greatest growth in height (89.17 cm) and in diameter (19.22 mm) occurred due to addition of wood vinegar (4%) and charcoal (20%). For agarwood seedlings, the greatest growth height (72.20 cm) and in diameter (18.29 mm). Besides, the addition of charcoal and wood vinegar could not also bring about the increase in consecutively nutrient contents (e.g. C, N, P. and K), biomass weight, and carbon store, which varied in the leaves, stems, and roots, in accordance to the percentages/ dosages of those two agents as added.
Co-Authors Erik Dahlian Gunawan Pasaribu Gustan Pari Heru S. Wibisono Indaryati Irwandi Judijanto, Loso Leonardo Sari, Avid Lisna Efiyanti Luluk Fauziah, Luluk Masriadi Nur Adi Sapura Nur Adi Saputra Parandy, La Mema R. Esa Pangersa G Sri Komarayati Totok Hendarto Zulnely