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All Journal At-Taradhi: Jurnal Studi Ekonomi Al-Ahkam Syariah: Jurnal Hukum dan Pemikiran Journal of Islamic and Law Studies (JILS) Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam Indonesian Journal of Islamic Jurisprudence, Economic and Legal Theory
RUSDIYAH RUSDIYAH
FAKULTAS SYARIAH DAN EKONOMI ISLAM IAIN ANTASARI
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Rekonstruksi Teori Hukum Islam Pada Masa Imam Mazhab Rusdiyah, Rusdiyah; Bachtiar Agusman, Najla Amali, Nisa Adelia, Muhammad Taha Madani, Nur Azmi As’syifa Munirah
Indonesian Journal of Islamic Jurisprudence, Economic and Legal Theory Vol. 2 No. 4 (2024): This volume covers topics such as women's rights, inheritance law, crime preven
Publisher : Sharia Journal and Education Center Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62976/ijijel.v2i4.751

Abstract

Abstract The four major Imams of Islamic law—Abu Hanifah, Malik, Shafi'i, and Ahmad bin Hanbal—developed distinct methodologies for deriving legal rulings. Abu Hanifah emphasized rational reasoning and analogical reasoning (qiyas). Malik prioritized the practices of the people of Medina and the concept of public interest (maslahah mursalah). Shafi'i established a systematic approach based on textual sources and consensus (ijma'). Ahmad bin Hanbal adhered strictly to the Quran and Sunnah, using analogy only when necessary.These methods continue to be relevant in the modern era. Qiyas and istihsan enable the adaptation of law to contemporary challenges. Maslahah mursalah allows for addressing public interests not explicitly covered by texts. Ijma' supports global consensus on Islamic issues. The textual approach ensures adherence to the Quran and Sunnah. By understanding the historical development of Islamic legal thought, scholars and practitioners can apply these methods to address modern issues while preserving the core principles of Islamic law. The Imams' diverse approaches provide a flexible framework for Islamic law to remain relevant and responsive to the changing world. Keywords: Reconstruction, legal theory, Mazhab Abstrak Empat imam besar hukum Islam-Abu Hanifah, Malik, Syafi'i, dan Ahmad bin Hanbal-mengembangkan metodologi yang berbeda untuk memperoleh keputusan hukum. Abu Hanifah menekankan pada penalaran rasional dan penalaran analogis (qiyas). Malik memprioritaskan praktik-praktik masyarakat Madinah dan konsep kepentingan umum (maslahah mursalah). Syafi'i menetapkan pendekatan sistematis berdasarkan sumber-sumber tekstual dan konsensus (ijma'). Ahmad bin Hanbal berpegang teguh pada Al-Quran dan Sunnah, menggunakan analogi hanya jika diperlukan, dan metode-metode ini terus relevan di era modern. Qiyas dan istihsan memungkinkan adaptasi hukum terhadap tantangan-tantangan kontemporer. Maslahah mursalah memungkinkan untuk menangani kepentingan publik yang tidak secara eksplisit tercakup dalam teks. Ijma' mendukung konsensus global tentang isu-isu Islam. Pendekatan tekstual memastikan kepatuhan terhadap Al-Quran dan Sunnah. Dengan memahami perkembangan historis pemikiran hukum Islam, para sarjana dan praktisi dapat menerapkan metode-metode ini untuk mengatasi masalah-masalah modern sambil tetap menjaga prinsip-prinsip inti hukum Islam. Pendekatan para imam yang beragam memberikan kerangka kerja yang fleksibel bagi hukum Islam untuk tetap relevan dan responsif terhadap perubahan dunia. Kata Kunci: Rekonstruksi, teori hukum, Mazhab
Female Circumcision in Banjar Culture: Navigating Customary Law, Islamic Law, and Human Rights Muzainah, Gusti; Firqah Annajiyah Mansyuroh; Rusdiyah, Rusdiyah; Azhar, Alias
Al-Ahkam Vol. 35 No. 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2025.35.2.27814

Abstract

This study examines the practice of female circumcision (basunat) among Banjar communities in South Kalimantan-Indonesia, where customary law and Islamic belief intersect with global human rights discourse. The research addresses the legal tension between the international prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) and local acceptance grounded in 'urf and maqāṣid al-sharī‘a. Using a normative legal approach supported by qualitative field data—interviews, local regulations, and fiqh analysis—the study reveals that basunat is a purely symbolic, non-cutting, and non-invasive ritual performed hygienically by trained midwives. Distinct from FGM, it functions as a rite of purification and moral responsibility, strengthening social cohesion and spiritual identity. The findings demonstrate a form of localized legal consciousness that reconciles cultural practice with Islamic legal reasoning. The study contributes to scholarship on legal pluralism, urging context-sensitive legal frameworks that differentiate symbolic basunat from FGM while safeguarding both human rights and cultural heritage in pluralistic societies.
Co-Authors Aina, Nadhrah Al Jinan, Muhamad Fatih Al Jinan Alias Azhar, Alias Aziza, Shilva Nur Aziza Bachtiar Agusman, Najla Amali, Nisa Adelia, Muhammad Taha Madani, Nur Azmi As’syifa Munirah Dahli, Zainal Muttaqin Dessy Maulina Difi Dahliana Firdausi, Karunia Imam Firqah Annajiyah Mansyuroh Gusti Muzainah Hafidzi, Anwar Ilmi, Muhammad Fahmi Jazila, Muhammad Afwan Khalid Seff, Nadiyah Muhammad Azmi, Muhammad Mujiburohman, Mujiburohman Nurdin Nurdin Nurhidayah Nurhidayah Sa'adah, Sa'adah Umar, Masyithah