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Power flow analysis of DC distribution system in a ship with non-electric propulsion Akhmad Reinaldy Kurniawan; Adi Kurniawan; Sardono Sarwito; Ahlur Roi Novanto Gumilang; Firman Budianto
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 13, No 1: February 2023
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v13i1.pp9-16

Abstract

Direct current (DC) shipboard power distribution system offers higher power efficiency and voltage stability compared to the alternating current (AC) systems due to lower impedance. The implementation of DC distribution system in all-electric ship seems to be worthy since the reduction of power loss and voltage drop could overcome the drawback of DC system. However, the effectiveness of DC distribution system in ship with non-electric propulsion has not been investigated yet. Unlike in an all-electric ship, electric power flow in the distribution system of a ship with mechanic propulsion is considerably lower. The study aims to provide numerical analysis of power loss and voltage drop reduction on DC distribution system that applied to a ship with mechanic propulsion. The power flow analysis is performed on a tanker ship. Contrary to the hypothesis, the results show that the DC power distribution increase the power losses about 15% compared to AC system due to the addition of rectifier and inverter. However, the voltage drops are decreased in DC distribution system. Further investigation in the other aspects should be performed before concludes whether DC distribution system is worthy to be used in the aforementioned ship.
Pelatihan Dasar Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Berbasis Daring Menggunakan PLC Fiddle Untuk Guru SMK di Surabaya Adi Kurniawan; Juniarko Prananda; Eddy Setyo Koenhardono; Sardono Sarwito; Indra Ranu Kusuma; Agoes Ahmad Masroeri
Sewagati Vol 5 No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Pusat Publikasi ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (539.23 KB) | DOI: 10.12962/j26139960.v5i3.61

Abstract

Perkembangan pendidikan tingkat menengah di Indonesia saat ini sedang difokuskan untuk meningkatkan kuantitas maupun kualitas lulusan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) yang mampu memenuhi kebutuhan industri. Salah satu teknologi yang saat ini banyak digunakan di industri darat maupun di bidang maritim adalah teknologi otomatis berbasis Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). PLC merupakan salah satu mode kontrol otomatis yang memerlukan logika desain untuk menjalankan aturan dan langkah-langkah kontrolnya, sehingga diperlukan pengetahuan dan kemampuan untuk mendesain PLC. Namun demikian, dengan situasi pandemi Covid-19 menjadikan pembelajaran PLC menjadi lebih sulit dilakukan. Untuk mempelajari cara memprogram PLC, siswa maupun guru harus memasangkan piranti lunak yang membutuhkan kapasitas besar dan membebani komputer. Solusi dari permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan mempelajari pemrograman PLC melalui media daring, yaitu melalui PLC Fiddle. Media PLC Fiddle sendiri tergolong baru dan belum banyak diketahui oleh pengajar di Indonesia. Dengan dilakukan pelatihan dasar PLC melalui media daring kepada guru-guru SMK di Surabaya, diharapkan guru-guru SMK dapat tetap mengajarkan kemampuan untuk mendesain PLC kepada siswa sesuai kebutuhan industri walaupun dunia masih dilanda pandemic Covid-19. Selanjutnya, diharapkan bahwa para guru tersebut dapat mengaplikasikan ilmu dalam mendesain PLC dalam proses belajar mengajar, sehingga lulusan para lulusan SMK dapat memiliki kemampuan untuk mendesain PLC dengan baik.
Pelatihan Analisis Sistem Kelistrikan Kapal Menggunakan Perangkat Lunak untuk Fresh Graduate Departemen Teknik Sistem Perkapalan ITS Adi Kurniawan; Juniarko Prananda; Eddy Koenhardono; Sardono Sarwito; Indra Ranu Kusuma; Agoes Ahmad Masroeri
Sewagati Vol 6 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Pusat Publikasi ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (356.769 KB) | DOI: 10.12962/j26139960.v6i2.137

Abstract

Pandemi covid-19 telah menyerang Indonesia selama lebih dari satu tahun. Pandemi covid-19 ini tidak hanya mengancam keselamatan nyawa masyarakat Indonesia secara langsung, tetapi juga menurunkan tingkat perekonomian di skala industri maupun skala rumah tangga, sehingga berdampak menaikkan angka pengangguran dan menurunkan tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat. Dengan berkurangnya ketersediaan lapangan pekerjaan termasuk di sektor maritim, lulusan Departemen Teknik Sistem Perkapalan (DTSP) ITS akan menemui tingkat persaingan yang lebih berat untuk dapat memperoleh pekerjaan di industri maritim. Untuk dapat memenangkan persaingan untuk memperoleh pekerjaan tersebut, kemampuan teknis yang tinggi sangat diperlukan. Salah satu kemampuan teknis yang dapat dikembangkan \textit{fresh graduate} DTSP dan menjadi unggulan dibanding pesaingnya adalah kemampuan untuk menganalisis performa dari sistem kelistrikan kapal. Selama ini, kemampuan tersebut telah diajarkan dalam perkuliahan, namun hanya secara manual dengan perhitungan perkiraan, karena keterbatasan waktu sesuai dengan jumlah SKS yang tersedia. Oleh karena itu, pada kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini direncakan pemberian pelatihan kepada fresh graduate DTSP untuk menganalisis kelistrikan kapal dengan lebih cepat dan akurat menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak. Dengan mengikuti pelatihan ini, kemampuan unggulan fresh graduate DTSP akan semakin meningkat dibanding pesaing mereka untuk mendapat pekerjaan di industri maritim, sehingga memudahkan para fresh graduate DTSP untuk lebih cepat dan mudah dalam memperoleh pekerjaan di industri maritim.
Analisis Numerik Jatuh Tegangan pada Derek Kontainer di Pelabuhan Akibat Arus Mula Motor Adi Kurniawan; Firman Rachmat Wahyudy; Sardono Sarwito
Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Komputer TRIAC Vol 10, No 2 (2023): Oktober 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/triac.v10i2.19799

Abstract

Container crane atau derek kontainer membutuhkan transformator untuk mengatur tegangan sesuai dengan spesifikasi tegangan dari motor-motor listrik yang menggerakkan derek tersebut. Dalam pengoperasian transformator, timbul arus mula yang mengalir melalui transformator pada saat motor-motor listrik mulai dinyalakan. Meskipun durasi munculnya arus mula tidak lama, namun memiliki beberapa dampak yang dapat mengganggu pengoperasian peralatan. Salah satunya adalah timbulnya jatuh tegangan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan simulasi kondisi arus mula serta arus pada kondisi tunak pada derek, serta menganalisis dampak dari arus tersebut terhadap jatuh tegangan pada sistem. Simulasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak analisis sistem tenaga. Pada perangkat simulasi, keempat jenis motor yang menggerakkan derek kontainer yaitu motor hoist, motor boom, motor gantry dan motor trolley dinyalakan secara bergantian untuk melihat respon sistem pada masing-masing penyalaan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan terdapat durasi jatuh tegangan yang tidak memenuhi standar dari IEC. Penambahan kapasitor sebesar 806.400 VAR dilakukan untuk memastikan bahwa jatuh tegangan yang terjadi dapat memenuhi standar dari IEC
Short-circuit current analysis of DC distribution system in a ship with non-electric propulsion Kurniawan, Adi; Gumilang, Ahlur Roi Novanto; Sarwito, Sardono; Budianto, Firman; Kurniawan, Akhmad Reinaldy
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 13, No 2: June 2024
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v13.i2.pp362-370

Abstract

Converting conventional AC radial shipboard distribution system to DC system has been recognized as a potential high impact solution to reduce ship’s fuel consumption. As big ships in Indonesia commonly use low voltage AC (LVAC) distribution system an effort to apply low voltage direct current (LVDC) distribution system without replace the propulsion system is a plausible choice. However, technical and economical investigations are required before recommendation to convert the shipboard distribution system to LVDC is officially launched. In this study, technical aspect in the term of short-circuit current is discussed. The goal of this study is to analyze how much the impact on the short-circuit current when LVDC system replaces LVAC system. The impact may affect the feasibility of LVDC system as the short-circuit current in a system dictate the scheme and capacity of the protection devices. Numerical simulations on a sample vessel are performed to obtain the profile of maximum short-circuit currents on all panels. The results show that the utilization of LVDC system decreases the short-circuit current by 10 times. Further investigations on the economic aspect needs to be performed to give clearer view of the feasibility of the LVDC system.
Pelatihan Mikrokontroler untuk Peningkatan Kompetensi Siswa SMKN 3 Surabaya Kurniawan, Adi; Sarwito, Sardono; Kusuma, Indra R.; Koenhardono, Eddy S.; Prananda, Juniarko
Sewagati Vol 9 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Publikasi ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j26139960.v9i1.2442

Abstract

Otomatisasi merupakan tuntutan di era saat ini. Kemampuan untuk memprogram kontroler untuk melakukan kerja secara otomatis, sangat dibutuhkan baik untuk bekerja di industri maupun berwirausaha yang mengandalkan teknologi. Secara umum, banyak lulusan SMK yang langsung bekerja maupun berwirausaha setelah lulus dari SMK. Oleh karena itu keterampilan memprogram kontroler secara otomatis sangat dibutuhkan. Solusi yang diberikan adalah dengan melakukan pelatihan mikrokontroler arduino untuk para siswa SMKN 3 Surabaya. Instruktur pelatihan adalah mahasiswa dengan tujuan memberi pengalaman kepada mahasiswa sekaligus agar siswa SMK lebih nyaman untuk berdiskusi karena kedekatan usia. Para siswa yang sebelum kegiatan pelatihan belum mengenal arduino, menjadi dapat memprogram arduino untuk aplikasi sederhana berupa penggunaan sensor gas, air, dan jarak.
Power Flow Study on Container Crane with Simulation-Based Renewable Energy Supply Dodi Fasha; Sardono Sarwito
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 5 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v5i4.5961

Abstract

Container port’s loading-unloading process is still using heavy equipment with less eco-friendly fuel. However, currently, several container ports are implementing an eco-friendly port (green port) concept. Renewable natural resources, such as the sun’s heat energy, are used as an alternative to supports the green port concept. Container cranes, the main heavy equipment in the loading and unloading processes, are generally supplied with electricity from PLN and diesel generators. In this research, it was tried by modeling container crane’s one-line diagram into ETAP, but by adding renewable energy resources simulation, such as solar panels. Solar panel’s characteristics, such as voltage and output frequency are different from PLN and diesel generators. Then, the difference results will be analyzed. After the simulation, results in comparison, known that solar panels can be used for container crane’s electrical system supply. In this study, the PV’s inverter output voltage is 0.38 kilo-volt. The PV supply simulation results in lower power efficiency and higher voltage drop than the PLN and diesel generator’s supply. As for each PV supply scenario, power efficiency and drop voltages are still within the IEC and IEEE standard limits. For example, in the gantry scenario, the power efficiency is 94.44%, and the drop voltage is 0.274%.
Transient Voltage Analysis for Dynamic Positioning Closed Bus Electrical System on Ship in Laboratory Scale Sardono Sarwito; Eddy Setyo Koenhardono; A.A Masroeri; Indra Ranu Kusuma; Mochamad Nur Ichwan
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 4 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v4i3.6027

Abstract

Ships equipped with a dynamic positioning system has a more number of thuster than ships that are not equipped with a dynamic positioning system. The addition of this thruster resulted in a significant increase in electrical loads so that the power plant will be added to the vessel. Dynamic positioning is a system used to support offshore vessel work consisting of a collection of equipment and control systems that work simultaneously to maintain the position of a vessel in accordance with which has been input into the system. Installation of the dynamic positioning system on the vessel affects the electrical system of the vessel. In the operation of electrical system on the vessel found the disturbances that arise one of them is transient interference that causes the change of voltage and frequency value in a short time. A Transient voltage occurs within a few seconds where the system conditions are unstable. The research was conducted in a laboratory scale by modeled a series of vessels that have the system with existing laboratory equipment where transient interference occurred due to the starting motor so that it is done Analysis of the magnitude of the voltage and frequency in the specified scenario as well as finding a solution to correct emerging interference that exceeds the standard. In the experiments made some configuration changes and obtained the result that the configuration of Split Plant 1 generator thruster has good system stability capable of achieving a stable condition with a loading of 50%. As for the loading of 60% stability of the system is unstable and can be improved again with the addition of capacitor.
Designing Passive Harmonic Filter on Dynamic Positioning Vessel's Electrical System Affected using Electrical Thruster Sardono Sarwito; Indra Ranu Kusuma; Yose Gregory Tarigan
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v4i2.6031

Abstract

Ship with a dynamic positioning system has the ability to maintain her position dynamically. To be able to maintain the position, generally, ship with a dynamic positioning system have several thrusters located at bow or stern of the ship. Based on the propulsion system, there are 2 types of thruster which are mechanical thruster and electrical thruster. In electrical type, the thruster is driven by an electric motor supplied from the generator. In addition, on dynamic positioning vessel equipped with the electrical thruster, there are also VFD or Variable Frequency Drive to control the speed of motor thruster. The use of VFD components in the system may cause harmonic interference. Harmonic itself can be regarded as distortion in the sinusoidal waves due to the interference of other waves that have integer frequency multiples of their fundamental frequency due to the operation of non-linear thruster motor. Some of the most affected components of this distortion are the communications equipment and the components used for measurement. This research conducted an analysis of harmonic disturbance arising from the operation of 2 units bow thruster on DP Ship by simulating 6 scenarios of generator configuration using simulation software. The results from this research were total harmonic distortion value or VTHD of the system that complies with standards and rules, also the specification of a passive harmonic filter to reduce the VTHD value at the specific harmonic order.
Performance Analysis of Submerged Vehicle Electric Propulsion with DC Motor 2x1850 kW 380 Volt which Supplied Power 10260 AH on 190 VDC in Series and Parallel Circuits Indra Ranu Kusuma; Sardono Sarwito; Annisa Maya Shabrina
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 4 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v4i1.6040

Abstract

An electric DC motor that is used as a main propulsion, typically used on ships with high maneuverability, special ships, ships wtih great cargo load, and the ships that use prime movers non-reversible (generally using a gas turbine, steam turbine and high-speed diesel in its use is unlikely to reverse its rotation quickly). As for the expected results we will obtain the characteristics (such as torque and rotation) on a series DC motor series and in parallel on the propulsion system, determines where an efficient circuit for the propulsion system, getting long use of batteries used for such needs. In this research will be assessed numerically by simulation using MATLAB-Simulink the drive system by using a DC motor in a vehicle submerged was carried out together series and parallel. The result obtained is the same input voltage of 190 Volt same torque value of 140 Nm is generated at the motor circuit series and parallel. So that a series circuit, generating a service speed of 12 knots and 21.5 knots using a converter, and usually when submerged condition in the sea. For parallel circuit produces speed of 14 knots and 11 knots using a converter.