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All Journal IZUMI JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI HUMANIORA Lingua: Jurnal Ilmiah Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya
Nina Alia Ariefa
Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia
Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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Journal : IZUMI

 1 
Normative Women and Patriarchal Hegemony in Ariyoshi Sawako’s Hanaoka Seishu no Tsuma (1966) Nina Alia Ariefa; Andhika Pratiwi
IZUMI Vol 10, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/izumi.10.1.143-155

Abstract

This research examines the depiction of normative women in the Edo period (1603-1868) in the novel entitled Hanaoka Seishu no Tsuma (1966) by Ariyoshi Sawako, a Japanese female writer in the post World War II Showa era. Reflecting on the novel’s normative female characters, it analyzes the silenced voices of women. It will contribute to the discussion on how the normative female figures criticizing the patriarchal hegemony that has not been revealed in the literary canon of the Edo period. This research shows how normative women characters are presented in the text as a feminine strategy to criticize this hegemony. The researchers use feminist criticism theory from Butler’s gender performativity (1990). The study concludes that although normative women characters are commonly represented as men dominating women, those can also be used to criticize the patriarchal hegemony.
Women’s Voices and Patriarchal Hegemony of the Edo Period in Shinju Tenno Amijima (1720) Nina Alia Ariefa
IZUMI Vol 10, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/izumi.10.2.338-349

Abstract

The Edo Period (1603-1868), known as the feudal era, lasted for nearly three centuries in Japan. Confucian teachings applied in all sectors of life had a great influence on the expansion of the patriarchal system in Japanese society at this time. Under the strict control of the Tokugawa shogunate government, the implementation of social class stratification was firmly established, including in the hierarchical relationship between men and women. The period of peace that occurred throughout the Edo period had contributed to a conducive situation for the rapid development of Japanese culture. Male artists were very dominant in the development of Japanese culture, and they were centred in big cities during this period. On the other hand, this era had become a dark age for women who did not get the opportunity to speak and create as men did. The female figures of the Edo period were presented in the works of male writers. This study focuses on examining women’s voices in the works of these male writers in the period. After exploring research on this period’s literary works, we found that these studies have various focuses related to the disclosure of women during the period, starting from the representation of women, their relationship with a male and other female characters, to their roles and positions. This research will contribute to discussions on gender, history, and literature, as well as on the way women's voices in this work serve a purpose in supporting the patriarchal hegemony that occurred in the period. We aim to reveal women’s voices in a male writer's play Shinju Tenno Amijima (1720) by Chikamatsu Monzaemon (1653-1725) through a feminist critique approach. To explain women's voice and patriarchal hegemony, we apply the concepts of silence from Olsen (2003) and hegemony from Antonio Gramsci. The results of this study indicate that women’s voices raised in this play are the ones who support men's interests and are subject to patriarchal values. This play consistently displays the exclusion of women's voices of opposition and defiance. This work also shows its existence as a locus for the dominant values emphasized for women in the Edo period.
Edo Period Masculinity In Sugawara Denju Tenarai Kagami (1746) Nina Alia Ariefa
IZUMI Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/izumi.12.1.22-32

Abstract

As part of cultural documentation, literary works have the ability to record the conditions of the times and society in a nation, including gender issues as values that are built, emphasized, and disseminated in the community. As a period characterized by feudal society under the leadership of the Tokugawa clan, the Edo period (1603-1868) is known as the golden age of the development of traditional Japanese culture. Through a study of the play Sugawara Denju Tenarai Kagami (1746) which is one of the masterpieces of the Edo period, this study reveals the representation of masculinity that shows a hierarchical social construction between men and women. The method used in this study is a qualitative analysis through a gender approach from Wharton (2005) and Lindsey (2016), as well as a feminist criticism approach from Tyson (2015). The construction of masculinity in this play highlights the depiction of men as knights, which are associated with courage, loyalty, integrity, toughness and self-respect. In addition, the concept of masculinity is depicted as strongly tied to the determination of hierarchical and patriarchal social structures, as well as being a reflection of the gender ideology of the Edo period which puts the superiority of men as the central figure in socio-cultural life. The depiction of male qualities and characters that outperform female characters in this text shows the text’s strategy in strengthening the patriarchal paradigm, and clearly shows the function of this text as a locus for strengthening the implementation of patriarchy in the Edo period.
Women's Agency and the Shadow of Patriarchal Domination: Reflections on Kinokawa by Ariyoshi Sawako Ariefa, Nina Alia
IZUMI Vol 13, No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/izumi.13.2.179-192

Abstract

Kinokawa (The River Ki) is Ariyoshi Sawako's first work, which is about three generations of Japanese women living in different eras. Ariyoshi's efforts in writing this novel are evident through the plot which tells the stories of women who lived during this period. Ariyoshi describes in detail the aspects of humanity affected by the rapid changes of the times. Like the seemingly calm Ki River that hides swirling currents underneath, this novel reveals the story of women who strive to cope with the dynamic changes of the times. In analysis, this study uses a feminist literary criticism approach, focusing on the stories of three female characters, Hana, Fumio, and Hanako. In addition to showing the gap between generations and is influenced by epochal changes toward Japan's new age, this study also reveals the dominant representation of women's agency. Through this novel, Ariyoshi exposes the demands that others and Japanese women place on themselves and reveals their strength. With a strong yet calm voice, Ariyoshi develops vivid female characters that make their mark in a world dominated by men.
Co-Authors Andhika Pratiwi Bembi Mulia Ramadhani Budianta, Melani Bustanuddin Lubis Cut Novita Srikandi, Cut Novita Hapsarani, Dhita Mutiawanthi Mutiawanthi Wawat Rahwati Yusy Widarahesty