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PEMANFAATAN CAMPURAN LIMBAH PADAT DENGAN LINDI HITAM DARI INDUSTRI PULP DAN KERTAS SEBAGAI BAHAN BIOBRIKET Syamsudin Syamsudin; Sri Purwati; Ike Rostika
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 42, No 02 (2007): BERITA SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (183.414 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v42i2.191

Abstract

Utilization of solid waste and black liquor mixture from pulp and paper mills has been investigated. Sludge A comes from pulp and paper mill with non wood raw materials has heat value 2712 cal/g and ash content 29.8%; Sludge B from paper mill with wastepaper raw material and deinking process has heat value 2331 cal/g and ash content 25.9%; black liquors from pulp mill with soda process has 5579 cal/g and ash content 12.1%. The sludges which has already ground and homogeneous was mixed with strong black liquors and densified to form biobriquette. At the composition 0 – 40 % of black liquor, heat value increase to 3711 and 3513 cal/g for sludge A and B respectively.Black liquor can increase burning efficiency due to the decreasing of  ash content, but increasing heavy metal contents such as Pb, Cd, Cr, and Na. At the composition 30 – 40 % of black liquor, the pressing force biobriquette increase from 19 - 26 kg to 50 - 54 kg. This  means that the pressing force of biobriquette greater than coal (37 kg).INTISARIPemanfaatan campuran limbah padat indusri pulp dan kertas dengan lindi hitam sebagai bahan biobriket telah diteliti. Lumpur A berasal dari pabrik pulp dan kertas terpadu dengan bahan baku non kayu mempunyai nilai panas 2712 kal/g dan kadar abu 29,8%; lumpur B dari pabrik kertas dengan bahan baku kertas bekas dan proses deinking mempunyai nilai panas 2331 kal/g dan kadar abu 25,9%; dan lindi hitam dari larutan pekat sisa pemasakan pulp proses soda mempunyai nilai panas 5579 kal/g dan kadar abu 12,1%. Lumpur yang sudah halus dan homogen dicampur dengan lindi hitam pekat dan dicetak menjadi biobriket. Pada variasi lindi hitam 0 – 40% nilai panas meningkat menjadi 3711 dan 3513 kal/g, masing-masing untuk lumpur A dan lumpur B. Penambahan lindi hitam menurunkan kadar abu sehingga memberi pengaruh positif terhadap efisiensi pembakaran tetapi menaikkan kandungan logam berat Pb, Cd, Cr, dan Na. Pada penambahan lindi hitam 30 – 40% kuat tekan biobriket meningkat dari 19 – 26 kg menjadi 50 – 54 kg. Hal ini berarti kuat tekan biobriket lebih besar dibandingkan dengan batu bara yang memiliki kuat tekan 37 kg. 
PENGARUH KOMPOS DARI LIMBAH LUMPUR IPAL INDUSTRI KERTAS TERHADAP TANAMAN DAN AIR PERKOLAT TANAH Rina S. Soetopo; Sri Purwati
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 41, No 01 (2006): BERITA SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (310.758 KB)

Abstract

The influence of the sludge waste compost of paper mill wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to vegetation and soil percolate water has been investigated. Composting process was done for 45 days by using sawdust as mixed material in the amount of 20% v/v. Compost affect was done to corn vegetation with some dose variation, and manure from chicken with the same dose was also done for the comparator. To know the possibilities of the compost substances wash out into soil and carry over into subsoil water, it was done by using two lysimeter apparatus. The first lysimeter was added by compost in the amount of 11.5 ton/ha and the second one was no added compost. Observation of compost effect to vegetation was carried out to corn harvesting result consist of 1000 gram weight of corn, heavy metal content and acute toxicity test.         Results reveal that the compost of sludge waste generally contains total heavy metals are below the  quality  standard of  compost according to SNI and some other state (USA, Europe Union and Australian).  Compost had tough pH of 6.5-7.5 and had cation exchange capacity of 33.71 meq/100 g. The compost effect on dose up to 11.5 ton/ha to 1000 grains corn weight was almost the same by using manure in the same dose. The heavy metals content in the corn grain harvested from the land fertilized by sludge waste compost of 11.5 ton/ha was under the Dirjen POM No 03725/B/SK/VII/89 standard. Acute toxicity test on corn grain show that its concentration is higher than 15,884 mg/kg body weight, and it can be classified as non toxic practically.  Inti sari            Percobaan pengaruh kompos dari limbah lumpur IPAL industri kertas terhadap tanaman dan air tanah telah dilakukan. Proses pembuatan kompos dilakukan selama 45 hari dengan bahan pencampur serbuk kayu 20%v/v. Percobaan dilakukan terhadap tanaman jagung dengan beberapa variasi dosis dan sebagai pembanding adalah pupuk kandang dari kotoran ayam pada dosis yang sama. Pengaruh kompos terhadap air tanah diamati melalui percobaan dengan menggunakan 2 buah lisimeter. Lisimeter pertama ditambah kompos 11,5 ton/ha dan lisimeter kedua tanpa ditambah kompos sebagai kontrol. Pengamatan pengaruh kompos terhadap tanaman dilakukan terhadap hasil panen jagung, kandungan logam berat dan uji toksisitas akut.             Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kompos dari lumpur IPAL, umumnya mengandung logam berat total yang lebih rendah dari baku mutu kompos menurut SNI dan beberapa negara lain (USA, Uni Eropa dan Australia). Kompos mempunyai pH netral (6,5-7,5) dan nilai KTK 33,71meq/100g. Pengaruh dosis kompos lumpur IPAL sampai 11,5 ton/ha terhadap berat 1000 butir jagung relatif sama dengan yang diberi pupuk kandang pada dosis yang sama. Kandungan logam berat dalam biji jagung yang dipanen dari tanah yang dipupuk kompos lumpur IPAL 11,5 ton/ha lebih rendah dari persyaratan maksimum batasan cemaran logam berat dalam makanan untuk kelompok sayur dan hasil olahannya menurut Dirjen POM No. 03725/B/Sk/Vii/89. Hasil uji toksisitas akut jagung lebih besar dari 15884 mg/kg berat badan dan termasuk klasifikasi praktis tidak toksik.
APLIKASI PROTEASE DAN PENGARUH SUHU PADA ASIDIFIKASI DIGESTASI ANAEROBIK DUA-TAHAP LUMPUR IPAL BIOLOGI INDUSTRI KERTAS Sri Purwati; Rina S. Soetopo; Tami Idiyanti
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 1, No 01 (2011): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (604.789 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v1i01.17

Abstract

The research of two-stage anaerobic digestion process for biological wastewater sludge of paper industry with modification of enzyme application and temperature treatment (mesophilic-thermophilic) has been done at the stage of acidification. Batch experiments were conducted to determine their effectiveness by applying treatment of the retention time (2-12 days) and the amount of inoculum (150-450 mL/L). They were observed by the performance process of increasing levels of soluble protein, and the formation of volatile organic acids (VFA). The results showed that application of the addition of protease 0.25 units / g. TS sludge at thermophilic temperatures can increase the hydrolysis with an indication of increased levels of soluble protein in supernatant reaching 380%, whereas in acidification process can improve the formation of organic acids through increased levels of VFA. The best performance of acidification process was found in thermophilic temperature conditions, with retention time of 4 days treatment and the addition of microbial inoculum at 300 mL/L. Sludge digestion of acidification stage at the condition of 2.25 load g.VS sludge / g.VS microbes.day can produce increased levels of VFA by approximately 624%. The solid produced of 40% v/v contains organic and nutrient elements that can be used as organic fertilizer.Key words : biological wastewater sludge, anaerobic digestion, acidification, protease , thermophilicABSTRAKPenelitian digestasi anaerobik dua-tahap lumpur IPAL biologi industri kertas dengan modifikasiaplikasi enzim dan perlakuan suhu (mesofilik-termofilik) telah dilakukan pada tahap asidifikasi.Percobaan yang dilakukan secara batch ditentukan efektivitasnya melalui perlakuan waktu retensi(2-12 hari) dan jumlah inokulum (150-450 mL/L.) dengan pengamatan kinerja proses terhadappeningkatan kadar protein larut, dan pembentukan asam-asam organik volatile (VFA). Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa aplikasi protease pada penambahan 0,25 unit/g.TS lumpur, pada suhu termofilikdapat meningkatkan hidrolisis, yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan kadar protein larut mencapai380%, sedangkan dalam proses asidifikasi dapat meningkatkan pembentukan asam organik melaluipeningkatan kadar VFA. Kinerja proses asidifikasi yang terbaik dijumpai pada kondisi suhu termofilik,dengan perlakuan waktu retensi 4 hari dan penambahan inokulum mikroba 300 mL/L. Digestasi lumpur tahap asidifikasi pada kondisi tersebut yang berlangsung pada beban 2,25 g.VS lumpur/g.VS mikroba. hari; dapat menghasilkan peningkatan kadar VFA sekitar 624%. Padatan yang dihasilkan sebanyak 40% v/v mengandung komponen organik dan unsur-unsur nutrisi yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk organik.Kata kunci : lumpur IPAL biologi, digestasi anaerobik, asidifikasi, protease, termofilik
PEMANFAATAN PLASTIK DARI REJEK INDUSTRI KERTAS UNTUK BAHAN BAKAR (Utilization of Plastics Reject of Paper Industry for Fuel) Yusup Setiawan; Sri Purwati; Aep Surachman; Reza Bastari I. W.; Kristaufan Joko Pramono
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 6, No 01 (2016): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (512.835 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v6i01.70

Abstract

Utilization of reject plastic pellet of paper mill which is waste paper as the raw material has been carried out. Making of reject plastic pellet was consisted of wet shredded process of reject using shredded machine, separation process of plastic and fiber with filtration process, and drying process of wet shredded plastic using centrifugal drainer machine and sun-drying. Dried shredded reject plastic was then formed plastic pellet using pellet machine. Plastic pellets produced has diameter of around 10 mm and a length of about 10-15 mm. Plastic pellets were analyzed for proximate analysis (moisture, ash, volatile matter and fixed carbon contents). In addition, it was also tested for calorific value, sulfur content, ash mineral content and the ash fusion temperature (AFT). The results indicate that the reject plastic pellets have a high calorific value (7,207-8,730 cal/g), low sulfur content (0.14 to 0.17%), low ash mineral content, and the Ash Fusion Temperature (AFT) above the operating temperature of the boiler (900oC). Reject plastic pellets in the amount of 4.25% of production capacity could potentially be used as a coal substitution for fuel boiler of paper mill with a low propensity of slagging and fouling in the boiler.Keywords: coal, paper mill, pellets, plastic, reject, fuel   ABSTRAKPenelitian pemanfaatan pelet plastik rejek industri kertas berbahan baku kertas bekas telah dilakukan. Pembuatan pelet plastik dari rejek meliputi tahapan proses pencacahan rejek secara basah menggunakan mesin pencacah, proses pemisahan cacahan plastik dan serat dengan proses penyaringan, dan proses pengeringan cacahan plastik rejek basah menggunakan mesin peniris sentrifugal dan panas sinar matahari. Cacahan plastik rejek kering selanjutnya dibentuk pelet plastik menggunakan mesin pelet. Pelet plastik yang dihasilkan berdiameter 10 mm dengan panjang sekitar 10 – 15 mm. Pelet plastik dari rejek dianalisis proksimat (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar zat terbang dan kadar karbon padat). Selain itu, pelet dianalisis juga nilai kalor, kadar sulfur, kadar mineral abu dan Ash Fusion Temperature (AFT). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pelet plastik dari rejek memiliki nilai kalor tinggi (7.207 – 8.730 kal/g), kadar sulfur rendah (0,14 – 0,17%), kadar mineral abu rendah, dan Ash Fusion Temperature(AFT) di atas suhu operasi boiler (900oC). Pelet plastik rejek sebanyak 4,25% kapasitas produksi berpotensi dapat digunakan sebagai substitusi batubara bahan bakar boiler industri kertas dengan kecenderungan terjadinya slagging dan fouling dalam boiler rendah.Kata kunci : batubara, industri kertas, pelet, plastik, rejek, bahan bakar
Co-Authors Aep Surachman Aep Surahman Andri Taufick Rizaluddin Henggar Hardiani Ike Rostika Krisna Adhitya Wardhana Krisna Septiningrum Kristaufan Joko Pramono Mukharomah Nur Aini Prima Besty Asthary Reza Bastari I. W. Reza Bastari Imran Wattimena Rina S. Soetopo Rina Susilowati Soetopo Setiadji Setiadji Susi Sugesty Syamsudin Syamsudin Tami Idiyanti Yusup Setiawan Yusup Setiawan