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Journal : International Journal of Renewable Energy Development

Clustering-based assessment of solar irradiation and temperature attributes for PV power generation site selection: A case of Indonesia’s Java-Bali region Tanoto, Yusak; Budhi, Gregorius Satia; Mingardi, Sean Frederick
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.59998

Abstract

This study presents clustering-based assessments of solar attributes for locating potential solar photovoltaic (PV) power plant sites using k-means and density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) by examining the yearly average single-attribute and three-attribute clustering on a dataset of long-term hourly-based direct and diffuse irradiation, ambient temperature, and solar PV power output from 2005 to 2022. Three-attribute clustering enables stakeholders to better understand the characteristics of a cluster by collectively identifying three solar attributes and the magnitude of each attribute in an area or cluster. The presence of this information, which constitutes the clusters, suggests that these attributes have different effects on solar PV output power in different clusters. Although k-means is an effective method for investigating potential locations for PV power plant placements, DBSCAN offers users an alternative method for accomplishing a similar goal. In the case of three-attribute clustering of direct irradiation with k-means and DBSCAN, the 18-year mean value of clusters with the highest yearly average value is achieved at very similar values of 0.305 kW/m2 and 0.310 kW/m2, respectively. It turns out that only six years of direct irradiation had an annual mean value of less than 0.305 kW/m2. This finding implies that in the long run, the solar resources in terms of direct irradiation will typically surpass 0.3 kW/m2/MW installed capacity over all areas suitable for PV power plants. While focusing on the Java-Bali region, Indonesia, the findings, and methods appear to be of broader interest to policymakers, particularly in developing countries where solar PV is considered an option for sustainable energy generation.
Assessing the potential of small wind turbine electricity generation for small-sized hotels towards sustainable tourism in developing countries Tanoto, Yusak; Jasman, Brandon Sebastian; Ananda, Stephanus Antonius
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 3 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.61019

Abstract

The persistent reliance on fossil fuels for energy will yield enduring adverse effects on the tourism sector, particularly the hotel industry. Wind energy represents a renewable electricity source that can facilitate the transition of small-scale hotels to clean energy. The main objective of this research is to propose a methodology for evaluating the potential of wind energy to support sustainable tourism in developing nations, specifically in fulfilling the electricity requirements of small hotels. This study aims to assess and compare the potential contribution of small wind turbines to hotel energy demand by modelling a historical hourly wind dataset spanning ten years (2011-2020) and forecasting a portion of the dataset. This research selected three sites in Indonesia exhibiting varying wind energy potentials: Tepus District in Gunung Kidul Regency, Losari Beach in Makassar City, and Nusa Penida Island in Bali. This study utilises multiple linear regression to examine the impact of external variables on wind speed, and it applies Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) and Holt-Winters Exponential Smoothing (HWES) for wind speed forecasting in these three locations. The hourly and daily interval datasets analysis reveals a weak correlation between external factors and wind speed, with the HWES method identified as the most appropriate approach for modelling and forecasting wind speed, surpassing the SARIMA model by 0.309 RMSE. Forecasting results indicate that a 30-kW wind turbine could supply 8.8 - 35.3% of a small hotel's electricity consumption, depending upon the occupancy rate.
Utility-scale wind power generation potential in low-wind regions: Insights for achieving the sustainable energy transition in developing countries Tanoto, Yusak; Diprasetya, Leonardo; Enano, Nelson Jr; Warpindyasmoro, Heri Saptono
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 15, No 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2026.61756

Abstract

Wind energy represents a promising resource for accelerating the transition to renewable energy and meeting global net-zero emission targets. While wind turbines have generated considerable amounts of electricity in specific regions of four-season countries, their potential in low-wind countries is generally limited, thereby inhibiting further investigation. However, advancements in wind turbine design and wind resource databases have provided new opportunities for assessing utility-scale wind energy potential. Therefore, this study assessed the potential for utility-scale wind power generation in low-wind regions of Indonesia's Java–Bali region. The Weibull distribution of wind speed and theoretical energy output were investigated using 10-year hourly temporal-based wind speed data collected at 100 m height from 2006 to 2015. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) power density classification was used to identify locations for energy generation analysis under wind turbine capacities of 1, 2, and 2.5 MW. The trade-offs between the average energy output over ten years and capacity factors were also considered. The results showed that the Ujungjaya area in Pandeglang Regency, Banten Province, has the potential to produce an estimated 13,916 MWh of energy per year using the 2.5 MW turbine with a capacity factor of 60.5% and Weibull parameters k and c of 2.49 and 8.22, respectively. The annual wind-based electricity generation potential of selected locations revealed that low-wind regions of Indonesia should not be overlooked when strategically planning wind energy utilisation to support the sustainable energy transition. In addition, the results have important implications for including additional wind energy in the energy mix of developing countries with similar low-wind regimes.