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MODIFIKASI BENTONIT MENGGUNAKAN SURFAKTAN KATIONIK BENZALKONIUM KLORIDA Turmiati, Titik; Udaibah, Wirda; Mulyatun, Mulyatun
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 2, No 2 (2019): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Bentonit alam yang telah dimodifikasi menjadi organobentonit dengan menggunakan surfaktakan kationik Benzalkonium Klorida sebagai agen penginterkalasi dengan berbagai variasi suhu. Material hasil sintesis diaplikasikan sebagai adsorben untuk penyerapan logam berat berupa ion logam Zn2+. Proses adsorpsi dilakukan dalam berbagai variasi kondisi yaitu pH dan waktu kontak. Hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan material bentonit yang telah dimodifikasi berhasil di sintesis, hal ini terlihat dari jarak antar lapis pada suhu 50?C sebesar 15,06 Å, suhu 60?C sebesar 16,76 Å dan suhu 70 ?C sebesar 16,50 Å dibandingkan dengan bentonit alam sebesar 12,09 Å. Spektra FTIR menunjukkan serapan pita 2360 cm-1 yaitu adanya vibrasi C-N dan 1465 cm-1 adanya vibrasi N-H. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya garam ammonium kuartener yang di pada interlayer bentonit. Penentuan pH optimum dan waktu kontak pada saat adsorpsi. Dari pH 4-8 menunjukkan bahwa pH optimum untuk proses adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+ adalah pH 6 dengan daya adsorpsi sebesar 99,914%, sedangkan pada bentonit alam sebesar 92,94%, kemudian untuk waktu kontak adalah di 60-120 menit dengan daya adsorpsi sebesar 97,92% pada suhu sintesis 60?C serta waktu kontak untuk bentonit alam 85,31%. Data kinetika adsorpsi menggunakan model pseudo second order lebih sesuai untuk menjelaskan proses adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa bentonit yang telah dimodifikasi memiliki daya adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+ yang lebih besar di bandingkan dengan bentonit yang belum termodifikasi.

PENGARUH PH DAN TEGANGAN LISTRIK DALAM ELEKTROLISIS LIMBAH PADAT BAJA (SLAG EAF) SEBAGAI UPAYA MEREDUKSI KANDUNGAN LOGAM FE PADA LIMBAH PADAT INDUSTRI GALVANIS Aziz, Abdul; Udaibah, Wirda; Hidayah, Malikhatul
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Galvanization is a metal coating process that is widely used in industry. The effects of this metal coating process are not entirely beneficial to society. The issue of pollution generated by the metal coating activity becomes very important. The objective of this research is to reduce Fe metal content from solid waste steel using electrolysis process with variation of pH of electrolyte solution and voltage. This research uses experimental method with test of metal content composition using X-Ray Flouresence, and Fe metal reduction using electrolysis process. This research activity used stainless steel plate as cathode and solid steel waste chunk as anode. Variations of pH of FeSO4.7H2O electrolyte solution used during electrolysis process are pH = 2, pH = 2.5, pH = 3, pH = 3.5 and pH = 4. Variation of electric voltage used is 3 volts, 6 volts, 9 volts and 12 volts. The result of purity level analysis of the initial Fe metal at anode was 84,48 %, while after electrolysis process there was an increase of metal purity attached to the cathode of 96,58 %. The result showed that the effect of pH variation of the electrolyte solution on the mass produced in the electrolysis process in the A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 samples was 0,09; 0,07; 0,02; 0,02; and 0,02 g. The greater the concentration of H+ of the electrolyte solution the more mass produced. In variable voltage of electricity on samples A11, A21, and A31 mass produced that is equal to 0,14; 0,13; and 0,10 g. While the mass of A41 sample did not increase in the cathode produced during the electrolysis process. The greater the voltage used in the electrolysis process the greater the mass produced.

Studi Density Functional Theory (DFT) Pengaruh Co-doping Zn dan N pada TiO2 Anatas Muhammad Shofiyullah; Wirda Udaibah; Ika Nur Fitriani
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 3, No 2 (2020): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v3i2.6593

Titanium dioksida (TiO2) merupakan salah satu bahan yang menjanjikan yang memenuhi persyaratan fotokatalis. Penelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh doping Zn dan N pada struktur geometri dan elektronik TiO2 anatas. Untuk mengetahui struktur dan proses kinerja fotokatalitik digunakan perhitungan density functional theory (DFT) dengan algoritma generalized gradient approximation (GGA) menggunakan parameterisasi Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBEsol). Perhitungan struktur elektronik menggunakan parameter Hubbard U. Setelah optimasi terjadi distorsi volume kisi doping Zn 1,011 Å, doping N 1,209 Å dan co-doping Zn-N 1,646 Å. Data tersebut menunjukkan bahwa doping dapat mempengaruhi perubahan struktural. Perhitungan struktur elektronik menghasilkan celah pita TiO2 murni sebesar 3,18 eV, kemudian terjadi penyempitan celah pita yang disebabkan oleh dopan. Celah pita doping Zn 2,9 eV, doping N 2,78 eV dan co-doping Zn-N 2,74 eV. Struktur elektronik baru hasil doping tidak hanya menyebabkan penyempitan celah pita tapi juga dapat menghambat rekombinasi pasangan elektron-hole, secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan aktivitas fotokatalitik TiO2 di daerah cahaya tampak.

Modifikasi Bentonit Menggunakan Surfaktan Kationik Benzalkonium Klorida Titik Turmiati; Wirda Udaibah; Mulyatun Mulyatun
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 2, No 2 (2019): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v2i2.6024

Bentonit alam yang telah dimodifikasi menjadi organobentonit dengan menggunakan surfaktakan kationik Benzalkonium Klorida sebagai agen penginterkalasi dengan berbagai variasi suhu. Material hasil sintesis diaplikasikan sebagai adsorben untuk penyerapan logam berat berupa ion logam Zn2+. Proses adsorpsi dilakukan dalam berbagai variasi kondisi yaitu pH dan waktu kontak. Hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan material bentonit yang telah dimodifikasi berhasil di sintesis, hal ini terlihat dari jarak antar lapis pada suhu 50˚C sebesar 15,06 Å, suhu 60˚C sebesar 16,76 Å dan suhu 70 ˚C sebesar 16,50 Å dibandingkan dengan bentonit alam sebesar 12,09 Å. Spektra FTIR menunjukkan serapan pita 2360 cm-1 yaitu adanya vibrasi C-N dan 1465 cm-1 adanya vibrasi N-H. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya garam ammonium kuartener yang di pada interlayer bentonit. Penentuan pH optimum dan waktu kontak pada saat adsorpsi. Dari pH 4-8 menunjukkan bahwa pH optimum untuk proses adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+ adalah pH 6 dengan daya adsorpsi sebesar 99,914%, sedangkan pada bentonit alam sebesar 92,94%, kemudian untuk waktu kontak adalah di 60-120 menit dengan daya adsorpsi sebesar 97,92% pada suhu sintesis 60˚C serta waktu kontak untuk bentonit alam 85,31%. Data kinetika adsorpsi menggunakan model pseudo second order lebih sesuai untuk menjelaskan proses adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa bentonit yang telah dimodifikasi memiliki daya adsorpsi ion logam Zn2+ yang lebih besar di bandingkan dengan bentonit yang belum termodifikasi.

Pengaruh pH dan Tegangan Listrik dalam Elektrolisis Limbah Padat Baja (Slag Eaf) Sebagai Upaya Mereduksi Kandungan Logam Fe pada Limbah Padat Industri Galvanis Abdul Aziz; Wirda Udaibah; Malikhatul Hidayah
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 1, No 2 (2018): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v2i2.3102

Galvanization is a metal coating process that is widely used in industry. The effects of this metal coating process are not entirely beneficial to society. The issue of pollution generated by the metal coating activity becomes very important. The objective of this research is to reduce Fe metal content from solid waste steel using electrolysis process with variation of pH of electrolyte solution and voltage. This research uses experimental method with test of metal content composition using X-Ray Flouresence, and Fe metal reduction using electrolysis process. This research activity used stainless steel plate as cathode and solid steel waste chunk as anode. Variations of pH of FeSO4.7H2O electrolyte solution used during electrolysis process are pH = 2, pH = 2.5, pH = 3, pH = 3.5 and pH = 4. Variation of electric voltage used is 3 volts, 6 volts, 9 volts and 12 volts. The result of purity level analysis of the initial Fe metal at anode was 84,48 %, while after electrolysis process there was an increase of metal purity attached to the cathode of 96,58 %. The result showed that the effect of pH variation of the electrolyte solution on the mass produced in the electrolysis process in the A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 samples was 0,09; 0,07; 0,02; 0,02; and 0,02 g. The greater the concentration of H+ of the electrolyte solution the more mass produced. In variable voltage of electricity on samples A11, A21, and A31 mass produced that is equal to 0,14; 0,13; and 0,10 g. While the mass of A41 sample did not increase in the cathode produced during the electrolysis process. The greater the voltage used in the electrolysis process the greater the mass produced.

Synthesis of Fe₃O₄-Zno-Bentonite Composite and Their Activities in Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Amanah, Siti Nazilatul; Udaibah, Wirda; Kholidah, Kholidah
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v7i2.24018

The development of Fe₃O₄-ZnO-Bentonite photocatalyst material is crucial for the treatment of dye effluents, particularly in response to the rapid growth of the textile industry. Methylene blue, widely used as a textile dye, poses environmental challenges. The combination of bentonite, ZnO, and Fe₃O₄ was synthesized using the coprecipitation method to create a material capable of photodegrading methylene blue dye. Fe₃O₄-ZnO-Bentonite was synthesized using 2 g of bentonite, 8.19 g of Zn(NO₃)₂·6H₂O, and FeSO₄:FeCl₃ weight ratios (in grams) of 4.170:4.055 (composite 1), 4.170:8.109 (composite 2), and 4.170:12.164 (composite 3). Characterization of the photocatalyst materials was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) mapping. The Fe₃O₄-ZnO-Bentonite composite exhibited a crystalline structure, with band gap values of 2.94 eV (composite 1), 2.07 eV (composite 2), and 2.20 eV (composite 3). The morphology of the material was characterized by small and irregularly shaped chunks. Elemental analysis detected Fe, Zn, and Si peaks, confirming the even distribution of Fe₃O₄ and ZnO within the bentonite matrix. The synthesized Fe₃O₄-ZnO-Bentonite composite demonstrated enhanced photodegradation activity for methylene blue compared to the starting materials. Composite 3 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity, achieving a degradation efficiency of 96.02% at a methylene blue concentration of 20 ppm (pH 9) within 60 minutes.

Synthesis of Fe₃O₄-Zno-Bentonite Composite and Their Activities in Photodegradation of Methylene Blue Amanah, Siti Nazilatul; Udaibah, Wirda; Kholidah, Kholidah
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v7i2.24018

The development of Fe₃O₄-ZnO-Bentonite photocatalyst material is crucial for the treatment of dye effluents, particularly in response to the rapid growth of the textile industry. Methylene blue, widely used as a textile dye, poses environmental challenges. The combination of bentonite, ZnO, and Fe₃O₄ was synthesized using the coprecipitation method to create a material capable of photodegrading methylene blue dye. Fe₃O₄-ZnO-Bentonite was synthesized using 2 g of bentonite, 8.19 g of Zn(NO₃)₂·6H₂O, and FeSO₄:FeCl₃ weight ratios (in grams) of 4.170:4.055 (composite 1), 4.170:8.109 (composite 2), and 4.170:12.164 (composite 3). Characterization of the photocatalyst materials was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) mapping. The Fe₃O₄-ZnO-Bentonite composite exhibited a crystalline structure, with band gap values of 2.94 eV (composite 1), 2.07 eV (composite 2), and 2.20 eV (composite 3). The morphology of the material was characterized by small and irregularly shaped chunks. Elemental analysis detected Fe, Zn, and Si peaks, confirming the even distribution of Fe₃O₄ and ZnO within the bentonite matrix. The synthesized Fe₃O₄-ZnO-Bentonite composite demonstrated enhanced photodegradation activity for methylene blue compared to the starting materials. Composite 3 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity, achieving a degradation efficiency of 96.02% at a methylene blue concentration of 20 ppm (pH 9) within 60 minutes.

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