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Teguh Wahyudi
Nursing Department, Polytechnic Health Ministry of Semarang
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Cocoa extract has activity on selectively killing of breast cancer cells line tunjung-sari, ariza budi; Mahriani, Mahriani; Tiningrum, Gusti Agung Perias; Wahyudi, Teguh; Jati, Misnawi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 5, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.05.03.04

Abstract

Effect of the cocoa crude extract on mortality of breast cancer cell lines i.e. MCF-7, T47D and normal cell (Vero), was observed. Crude cocoa extract prepared from a freshly dried cocoa bean that was containing 14% catechin and 0.6% caffeine. Catechin and caffeine content were modulated to 2-folds (28% catechin or 1.2% caffeine) and 3-folds (42% catechin or 1.8% caffeine) by adding pure compounds. Extracts were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at concentrations ranging from 200 to 1600 μg/ml. The positive control was doxorubicin (0.5-16 μg/ml in DMSO). Cell lines (MCF-7, T47D, and Vero) were incubated in test sample for 24h at 37°, prior to 3-(4,4-dimetylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The absorbance of each well was measured at 550 nm, and lethal concentration (LC50) was calculated. The cocoa extract induced mortality of breast cancer cell lines but not in Vero cells. The effect on MCF-7 was greater than on T47D, given the LC50 was 1236 μg/ml (MCF-7) and 1893 μg/ml (T47D). Cytotoxic potential of cocoa extract was much lower than doxorubicin whose LC50 was0,777 μg/ml (MCF-7) and 0,082 μg/ml (T47D). Increasing catechin content to 2-folds did not significantly affect LC50 value, but 3-folds catechin content reduced LC50 to 1021 μg/ml. Meanwhile increasing caffeine content to 2-folds significantly reduced LC50 to 750 μg/ml, however, 3-fold content resulted in slightly higher LC50 at 780 μg/ml. This indicates that cocoa extract have anti-cancer potential, and purification may improve this property .
Relationship between Cysteine, Interleukin (IL)-2, And Interleukin (IL)-10 in Children with Marasmus Type Malnutrition Wahyudi, Teguh; Puryatni, Anik; Hernowati, Tinny Endang
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 6, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.01.10

Abstract

 Malnutrition is one of the health issues in developing countries. The most commonly found malnutrition is the marasmus type. Infection in marasmus patient is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In marasmus, there is a decrease in protein level such as cysteine which is one of the glutathione forming components that plays a significant role in immune system. In malnutrition, there is a disturbance of lymphocyte in the form of down-regulation of type 1 cytokine (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and up- regulation of type 2 cytokine (IL-4 and IL-10). IL-2 is needed for the development of regulatory T produced by thymus and for NK cell cytotoxicity which plays a role in infection process, while IL-10 inhibits activation of lymphocyte T so the cellular immunity reaction ends. Several studies about the relationship between cysteine, IL-2, and IL-10 have been done in malnutrition-patients, but there is no study focusing on patients with marasmus. This study is to find out the relationship between cysteine, IL-2, and IL-10 in patients with marasmus type malnutrition. This study was an observational analytic study using cross-sectional design consisting of 20 children with marasmus type malnutrition and 20 well-nourished children treated in Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang. The cysteine, IL-2, and IL-10 level then measured using Elisa method. Normality and the various test were done. The Pearson correlation test was done to find out the relationship between cysteine and IL-2 level, cysteine and IL-10 level, and IL-2 and IL-10. The standard of cysteine and IL-2 level in children with marasmus is significantly lower than the control group, which was 1.616 ± 1.039 vs 3.298 ± 0.519 pg/mL; p = 0.000 dan 12.38±4.94 vs. 16.58 ± 4.80 pg/mL;p = 0.010, respectively. IL-10 in children with marasmus was significantly higher than control group (19.08± 5.93 vs 10.46 ± 3.90 pg/mL; p = 0.000). The cysteine level was positively correlated to the IL-2 level (p = 0.000; r = 0.71), while the cysteine and IL-10, IL-2 and IL-10 was negatively correlated with p = 0.014; r= -0.53 and p=0.037; r= -0.46 in marasmus. There was a positive correlation between the cysteine and IL-2 level and negative correlation between IL-10 and IL-2 also IL-2 and IL-10 in children with marasmus. 
Co-Authors Agus Prasetyo Ajeng Titah Normawati Alfarizi, Fikri Yudi Amaliah, Lili Anik Puryatni Arif Fathurohman, Arif ariza budi tunjung-sari, ariza budi Bachri, Affan Cipto Cipto, Cipto Felicia Sylviana Gilang Ramadhan Gusti Agung Perias Tiningrum, Gusti Agung Perias Hendriyanto, Deva Hidayah, Fatimah Nur Inayati, Inna Noor Jamaldi, Agus M. Zainal Abidin Mahriani Mahriani Misnawi Jati Niswa Salamung Nourma Nurjanah Rosdiana Rosdiana Sahay, Abertun Sagit Saputro, Eko Wahyu Suharno Zen Tavip Indrayana, Tavip Tilfah, Raffi Abdullah Al-Latif Tinny Endang Hernowati Wirda Wirda Yuni Astuti Yuriadi Kusuma Zainal Abidin