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PENEGAKKAN HUKUM PENGAMANAN YURISDIKSI WILAYAH UDARA MENURUT PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 4 TAHUN 2018 OLEH LANUD SUTAN SJAHRIR PADANG sagitarisa, heince; Wibowo, Aji; Rosadi, Otong
UNES Journal of Swara Justisia Vol 5 No 3 (2021): Unes Journal of Swara Justisia (Oktober 2021)
Publisher : Program Magister Ilmu Hukum Universitas Ekasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/ujsj.v5i3.218

Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pengamanan Yurisdiksi Wilayah Udara Menurut Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 4 Tahun 2018 Oleh Lanud Sutan Sjahrir adalah dengan deteksi , Identifikasi dan penindakan. Lanud Sutan sjahrir Padang sepanjang tahun 2018 sampai dengan 2021 telah melakukan penegakan hukum terhadap pelanggaran wilayah udara dengan melakukan pemantauan wilayah udara dari penerbangan yang tidak terindetifikasi. Terdapat 14 pelanggaran penerbangan yang tidak diketahui dan tidak memiliki izin melintasi wilayah udara Indonesia. Selain itu juga terdapat pendaratan tidak terjadwal dari 7 pesawat latih negara Perancis. Terhadap pelanggaran ini dilakukan pengahalauan agar pesawat tersebut segera keluar dari wilayah udara Indonesia. Hambatan Yang Ditemui Dalam Penegakkan Hukum Terhadap Pengamanan Yurisdiksi Wilayah Udara Menurut Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 4 Tahun 2018 Oleh Lanud Sutan Sjahrir adalah luasnya wilayah udara nasional, serta masih terbatasnya sarana dan prasarana yang ada. Proses hukum tindakan force down yang dilakukan TNI AU terhadap pelanggaran kedaulatan wilayah udara, kurang memberikan efek jera para pelanggar wilayah kedaulatan udara Indonesia. Regulasi aturan pelaksanaan tugas penegakkan hukum di wilayah udara yurisdiksi nasional belum secara eksplisit bicara sanksi Pidana. Tidak dilibatkannya TNI AU dalam proses penindakan maupun hukum, yang meliputi pengejaran, penyelidikan dan penyidikan, karena pelanggaran wilayah udara berbeda dengan kriminal biasa.

TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON THE STABILITY OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULO-SIS SHIKIMATE KINASE (MtSK): STRATEGIES FOR SECURE TRANSPORT Wibowo, Aji; Komariyah, Tinta; Prabandari, Erwahyuni Endang; Ariyani, Titin; Siska, Eka
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : BRIN - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jbbi.2024.5751

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Shikimate Kinase (MtSK) has a crucial role in the shikimic pathway, which is essential for this bacteria but is absent in humans, making it a potential target for novel anti-tuberculosis drugs. This study used enzyme-coupled fluorescence to examine the stability of MtSK stored in 50% glycerol at -30 ℃, 4 ℃, and ±28 ℃ for six days. Results showed stable enzyme activity values (α=0.05) at all temperatures. This research underscores that MtSK’s stability depends on its molecular properties, including GC content, hydrophobic residues, Mg2+ binding, and intra-helical salt bridge. Despite some activity decline over time due to glycerol-induced aggregation, MtSK can be safely transported at ±28 ℃ for up to six days without special cooling compartment. Understanding MtSK stability ensures its active conformation remains consistent, reducing off-target effects on drug design and enhancing drug efficacy. This insight ultimately leads to high-quality and commercially viable tuberculosis treatment development. Future research should explore MtSK stability at higher temperatures and assess the optimal glycerol content for cryopreservation.

EVALUATION AND INHIBITORY MECHANISM ANALYSIS OF NATURAL COMPOUNDS AGAINTS DIHYDROOROTATE DEHYDROGENASE AS ANTI-CANCER AGENTS Wibowo, Aji; Waluyo, Danang; Tejo, Bimo Ario; Komariyah, Tinta; Besari, Ariza Yandwiputra; Prabandari, Erwahyuni Endang
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : BRIN - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jbbi.2023.2842

Cancer remains one of the deadliest diseases worldwide, and currently cancer treatment is facing several problems related to adverse effects and drug resistance. To address these problems, new prospective anticancer medications are required. Natural compounds, which have been extensively used in the drug research, including for the treatment of cancer, are emerging as viable candidates. This study aimed to evaluate 33 in-house natural compounds against dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) enzyme, a viable target to develop anticancer agent, and to analyze the hit inhibitory mechanism against protein target. In the activity assay, atovaquone was the sole substance to have activity against DHODH, with an inhibition rate of 47.44% at 10 µM. However, discrepancies were shown in the molecular docking result, where atovaquone were identified as hits. Molecular dynamic analysis revealed that atovaquone initially bound to the active site before being forced to the outside due to cleavage of hydrogen bond between the ligand and responsible residue. This study clearly demonstrated the importance of molecular dynamic analysis to study inhibitory mechanism of compound against target protein that may be useful for further development.

TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON THE STABILITY OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULO-SIS SHIKIMATE KINASE (MtSK): STRATEGIES FOR SECURE TRANSPORT Wibowo, Aji; Komariyah, Tinta; Prabandari, Erwahyuni Endang; Ariyani, Titin; Siska, Eka
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : BRIN - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jbbi.2024.5751

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Shikimate Kinase (MtSK) has a crucial role in the shikimic pathway, which is essential for this bacteria but is absent in humans, making it a potential target for novel anti-tuberculosis drugs. This study used enzyme-coupled fluorescence to examine the stability of MtSK stored in 50% glycerol at -30 ℃, 4 ℃, and ±28 ℃ for six days. Results showed stable enzyme activity values (α=0.05) at all temperatures. This research underscores that MtSK’s stability depends on its molecular properties, including GC content, hydrophobic residues, Mg2+ binding, and intra-helical salt bridge. Despite some activity decline over time due to glycerol-induced aggregation, MtSK can be safely transported at ±28 ℃ for up to six days without special cooling compartment. Understanding MtSK stability ensures its active conformation remains consistent, reducing off-target effects on drug design and enhancing drug efficacy. This insight ultimately leads to high-quality and commercially viable tuberculosis treatment development. Future research should explore MtSK stability at higher temperatures and assess the optimal glycerol content for cryopreservation.

A View of Humanitarian Law on Treason in Court Decisions in Indonesia: A Legal Analysis Permanasari, Arlina; Wibowo, Aji; Angelica H., Nadia; Salsabilah, Nahdia
Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum Vol 12, No 2 (2025): Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum
Publisher : UNISSULA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26532/jph.v12i2.47572

The 1949 Geneva Conventions set out clear obligations for participating states to uphold the humanitarian norms contained therein. In Indonesia, the two regions of Aceh and Papua have experienced violent conflict with significant escalation, raising the question of whether these situations can be legally classified as non-international armed conflicts under international humanitarian law. The purpose of this study is to examine this issue by focusing on how treason cases have been tried in Indonesian courts, as judicial reasoning provides an important perspective for assessing the threshold of violence. This study uses normative legal methods, reviewing relevant statutory provisions, legal principles, and court decisions. The research findings indicate that, from a humanitarian law perspective, the acts of violence in Aceh and Papua have not reached the legal threshold required to be categorized as non-international armed conflicts. Instead, the handling of treason crimes still relies on national legal instruments, particularly Article 7 paragraph (2) of the Indonesian National Armed Forces Law, which frames such acts as military operations other than war. In conclusion, although these conflicts exhibit significant social and political tensions, they remain outside the scope of humanitarian law, highlighting the reliance on criminal law and military law in addressing treason.

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