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ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF LEAVES OF LEILEM (Clerodendrum minahassae Teijsm. & Binn.) ON GROWTH GRAM - POSITIVE BACTERIA Staphylococcus aureus strains ATCC 25923 Jefry Oldy Raturandang; Dintje Pendong; Masje Wurarah
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v2i1.4931

Leaf leilem (Clerodendrum minahassae Teism. & Binn.) commonly used by the Minahasa as food and traditional medicine for treating intestinal worms, abdominal pain, and pain in the chest. Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 strain is a type of bacteria that is found in humans and can be the cause of the emergence of the disease. This research aims to know the types of solvents are most effective and how the antibacterial activity of extracts of leaves of leilem on the growth of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus strains ATCC 25923. The solvent used is ethanol is polar, ethyl acetate which is semi polar, and n-heksan which is non polar. Preliminary research has been conducted on konsenterasi extract with 100 ppm 200 ppm 400 ppm and 800 ppm, the antibacterial activity of the most optimal at 800 ppm so the data will be used for the analysis in this study was konsenterasi 800 ppm. Deuteronomy was done by as much as 3 times. Positive control using antibiotics clindamicyn 400 ppm and negative controls using aquades and 10% DMSO. Isolation of bacteria using scratch in zig-zag and to test the antibacterial activity of using diffusion well in order. Results of the study showed that the percentage yield of solvent is ethanol that is 1,2329% in maceration 1:4. Drag the diameter of most bacteria are grown on ethyl acetate extract polar spring with a grade average of 12.6 mm. Based on the analysis of OneWay ANOVA showed different results for real then followed by Tukey test, to see that these three types of different extract significantly in inhibiting the growth of gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus strains ATCC 25923. In conclusion, namely the first ethanol is a solvent that is most effective in dissolving the leaves leilem, both of the antibacterial activity in sequence from the most minor to the most massive is the n-heksan (non-polar), ethanol (polar), and ethyl acetate (semi polar). The third conclusion in the optimum konsenterasi 800 ppm, extract n-heksan n-heksan (non-polar), ethanol (polar), and ethyl acetate (semi polar) showed antibacterial activity significantly different.

POTENTIAL ANTIBACTERIAL EXTRACTS OF MANGROVE GENUS AVICENIA ROOT AND LEAVES FROM KOMBI BEACH MINAHASA Masje Wurarah; Devitha Kalitouw; Raflen Aril Gerungan
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 2 No. 3 (2021): Desember 2021
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v2i3.4985

This study aimed to obtain the phytochemical content of the crude extract of leaves and roots of Avicenia spp from Kombi Beach Minahasa. Obtaining data on the activity of inhibiting the growth of infective microbes on external wounds of crude extract of leaves and roots of Avicenia spp from Kombi Beach, Minahasa. To determine the concentration of minimum growth inhibition of crude extract of leaves and roots of Avicenia spp from Kombi Beach, Minahasa. Knowing the crude extract (crude extract) leaves and roots of Avicenia spp originating from the Minahasa Kombi Beach is bactericidal or bacteriostatic. This research consisted of extraction, phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity test. The results showed that the dominant secondary metabolites in the root and leaf extracts were alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The chloroform extract inhibited the growth of bacteria in infected wounds more than the ethanol and n-hexane extracts, at concentrations of 15 and 30 ppm for the test solution of ethanol extract with an inhibitory diameter of < 7 mm and a concentration of 50 ppm with an inhibitory diameter of > 10 mm indicating that the high bioactive activity antibacterial.

ANALYSIS OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN POTATO PLANTS IN MOAT DISTRICT, EAST BOLAANG MONGONDOW REGENCY, INDONESIA Riviani Yubelin Rompas; Orbanus Naharia; Masje Wurarah
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 4 No. 3 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v4i3.6882

The use of pesticides on highland vegetable crops by farmers is considered highly intensive. This is primarily due to favorable climatic conditions for developing plant pests and diseases. Pesticides are toxic bioactive chemical substances (at concentrations > 0.5 ppm). Each of these poisons carries risks to the environment and humans in their use. Pesticide residues are specific substances found in agricultural food crops or animal feed, either as a direct or indirect result of pesticide use. This research aims to determine the presence of pesticide residues in potatoes cultivated by the community of Moat Subdistrict, East Bolaang Mongondow Regency. This study adopts a qualitative descriptive approach with laboratory experimentation. Representative samples were taken from ten potato plantations in Moat Subdistrict, East Bolaang Mongondow villages. They were then analyzed at the Laboratory of Plant Protection and Quality Testing. Based on the research findings, the researchers concluded that six locations of potato tubers in 10 villages in Moat Subdistrict, East Bolaang Mongondow Regency, did not contain pesticides. In comparison, the remaining four locations showed pesticide content.

Bioactivity of Papua Red Fruit Extract (Pandanus conoideus L.) Against Superoxide dismutase, Malondialdehyde and Blood Glucose of Rat (Rattus norvegicus L.) Hyperglycemia Mokosuli, Yermia Semuel; Migau, Natalina; Wurarah, Masje
Molekul Vol 19 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2024.19.1.9029

Red fruit (Pandanus conodus L.) is a plant native to Papua, ethnomedical used as a traditional medicine with a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects. However, research on the bioactivity of red fruit is still very poorly reported. The aim of this study was to characterize the bioactive content, antioxidant bioactivity and the effect of lowering blood glucose in hyperglycemic rats. Red fruit has extracted used the maceration method with 95% ethanol. Analysis of active compound content using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry (GC MS). Analysis of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and blood glucose levels was carried out using the in vivo method using white rats. The research results showed that red fruit ethanol extract contained 173 compounds from six main groups of compounds. Red fruit extract has effective in reducing MDA levels in hyperglycemic mice. K4 and K5 treatments were the best treatments for reducing MDA. Red fruit extract affects the duration of induction of increased SOD in hyperglycemic rats. Treatments K4 and K5 were the best treatments for SOD induction. Red fruit extract affects reducing blood glucose in hyperglycemic mice. Red fruit extract has antioxidant activity and lowers blood glucose. Red fruit extract has the potential to be developed as a source of bioactive antioxidants and antidiabetics. Keywords: Glucose, hyperglycemia, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Pada Pembelajaran Biologi Materi Sistem Peredaran Darah Manusia di Kelas VIII SMP GPdI Berea Tondano Yubellian Yoru; Masje Wurarah; MEity N. Tanor
Bersatu: Jurnal Pendidikan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika Vol 2 No 2 (2024): Maret : Jurnal Pendidikan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika
Publisher : LPPM Politeknik Pratama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51903/bersatu.v2i2.641

The learning process at SMP GPDI Berea Tondano is considered to be still not optimal which results in low student learning outcomes. For this reason, the purpose of this research is to improve student learning outcomes by applying the jigsaw type cooperative model. This reseaarch is an action research (PTK) subject in this study, namely all student in class VIII SMP GPDI Berea Tondano semester 1 of the 2021/2022 academic year as many as 17 people. The instruments used in this study were observation sheets and learning achievement test. Based on the analysis of student learning outcomes individually in cycle I, a persentage of 50,76% was obtained, and the percentage in cycle II was 80,58%, while classically in cycle I, a percentage was obtained 29, 14% and the percentage in cycle II was 82,32%, then the results of activity observation student learning in cycle I obtained a percentage of 60,71% and a percentage of cycle II 92,85%. The results of the study concluded that the application of the jigsaw cooperative type can improve student learning outcomes in science subjects which have increased in cycle II.

Antagonistic and Antibacterial Activity of Stapylocossus aureus and Isolates of Oral Bacteria from the Endogenous Fungus Apis dorsata Binghami Nest Semuel, Mokosuli Yermia; Wurarah, Masje; Tuegeh, Reinny Silvana
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 8, No 2: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus Juli 2022
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v8i2.2739

Apis Dorsata Binghami honey bee is a honey bee endemic to Indonesia, living naturally in the forests of Sulawesi. This study aimed to obtain isolates and characteristics of endogenous fungi antibiotic activity from Apis dorsata Binghami nest. The research consisted of isolation of fungi from beehives using potato dextro agar, pure culture of fungi, antagonist test and antibiotic test using disc diffusion method. Antibiotic test was performed on oral bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus. The results obtained six isolates of fungi from the nest of Apis dorsata Binghami, namely isolates FAB1, FAB2, FAB3, FAB4, FAB5 and FAB6. The results of the antagonist test showed that the isolates FAB2 and FAB3 had the best antagonist properties, while the FAB6 isolates had the weakest antagonist properties. The FAB2 isolate showed the best bacterial growth inhibition zone average for the isolates of oral bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibition zone lasts up to 3 x 24 hours so that the activity of the bacteria is bactericidal. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the endogenous fungus Apis dorsata Binghami is a potential source of antibacterial bioactives.

CHARACTERIZATION OF SAPROPHAGE INSECTS FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY INDICATORS USING LOCAL PIGS Kandowangko, Sandy; Wurarah, Masje; Mokosuli, Yermia; Satiman, Utari; Gedoan, Sukmarayu
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v5i2.10755

Forensic entomology is the science of insects which is used to analyze cases related to forensics, namely death. This is based on the close relationship between humans and insects who live side by side. Insects can be a factor in determining the Postmortem Interval (PMI) so that it is useful in the forensic investigation process. Medicolegal insects are insects that are used as evidence in death cases. This research aims to obtain the diversity of insect species, the morphological characteristics of insects, the characteristics of insects in experimental pigs that died from hanging, poisoning and stabbing and based on the stage of decomposition. The results of this research examine temperature, soil pH, air humidity and the decomposition process of local pigs. The results of research on the decomposition stage in 3 deaths (hanging, stabbing, and poisoning) showed differences in the time of death, where the hanging carcass decomposed more quickly than the stabbed and poisoned carcass. In the decomposition stage, the first insect encountered is the order (Diptera) where these insects damage internal organs such as the brain and liver and also damage body cells. The temperature results of local pig carcasses placed outdoors ranged from 32.2-34.50C, while indoor carcass temperatures ranged from 26.77-33.43 0C. The degree of acidity (pH) of carcasses placed outdoors ranges from 5.13-8.53 while indoor carcasses ranges from 6.0-7.77. The environmental temperature of animal bodies placed outdoors ranges from 26.35-39,740C, while humidity ranges from 57.79-86.10%. The temperature of animal bodies in the room ranges from 27.54-31,520C, while humidity ranges from 71.50-85.37%.

CHARACTERIZATION OF SAPROPHAGE INSECTS FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY INDICATORS USING LOCAL PIGS Kandowangko, Sandy; Wurarah, Masje; Mokosuli, Yermia; Satiman, Utari; Gedoan, Sukmarayu
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v5i2.10755

Forensic entomology is the science of insects which is used to analyze cases related to forensics, namely death. This is based on the close relationship between humans and insects who live side by side. Insects can be a factor in determining the Postmortem Interval (PMI) so that it is useful in the forensic investigation process. Medicolegal insects are insects that are used as evidence in death cases. This research aims to obtain the diversity of insect species, the morphological characteristics of insects, the characteristics of insects in experimental pigs that died from hanging, poisoning and stabbing and based on the stage of decomposition. The results of this research examine temperature, soil pH, air humidity and the decomposition process of local pigs. The results of research on the decomposition stage in 3 deaths (hanging, stabbing, and poisoning) showed differences in the time of death, where the hanging carcass decomposed more quickly than the stabbed and poisoned carcass. In the decomposition stage, the first insect encountered is the order (Diptera) where these insects damage internal organs such as the brain and liver and also damage body cells. The temperature results of local pig carcasses placed outdoors ranged from 32.2-34.50C, while indoor carcass temperatures ranged from 26.77-33.43 0C. The degree of acidity (pH) of carcasses placed outdoors ranges from 5.13-8.53 while indoor carcasses ranges from 6.0-7.77. The environmental temperature of animal bodies placed outdoors ranges from 26.35-39,740C, while humidity ranges from 57.79-86.10%. The temperature of animal bodies in the room ranges from 27.54-31,520C, while humidity ranges from 71.50-85.37%.

Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran Hewan Invertebrata Dengan Android APK Berbasis Flip PDF Sebagai Sumber Belajar Dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Literasi Sains Pada Mahasiswa Regita Bala; Masje Wurarah; Jemmy L. Sumakul
J-CEKI : Jurnal Cendekia Ilmiah Vol. 3 No. 4: Juni 2024
Publisher : CV. ULIL ALBAB CORP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56799/jceki.v3i4.4048

Pengembangan modul pembelajaran berbasis Android APK terintegrasi Flip PDF pada invertebrate materi porifera. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan literasi sains mahasiswa S1 Pendidikan Biologi di Universitas Negeri Manado melalui modul yang dikembangkan. Metode pengembangan yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan 4D (define, design, develop, dan disseminate). Tahap analisis dilakukan melalui studi literatur dan wawancara dengan pakar. Desain modul dibuat berdasarkan hasil analisis. Pengembangan modul dilakukan melalui proses pembuatan, uji coba, dan revisi. Implementasi modul dilakukan pada mahasiswa S1 Pendidikan Biologi sebagai kelompok uji coba. Evaluasi dilakukan untuk mengukur efektivitas modul dalam meningkatkan keterampilan literasi sains mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan modul pembelajaran hewan invertebrate materi porifera Android APK terintegrasi Flip PDF dapat meningkatkan keterampilan literasi sains mahasiswa S1 Pendidikan Biologi, serta memberikan pengalaman belajar yang interaktif dan menarik. Modul ini dapat dijadikan alternatif sumber belajar yang efektif dalam pembelajaran biologi.

PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL BIODIVERSITAS MANGROVE TAMAN NASIONAL BUNAKEN DENGAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING MAPALUS Pasaribu, Vera Laspita; Wurarah, Masje; Posumah, Dany Ch
SOSCIED Vol 8 No 1 (2025): SOSCIED - Juli 2025
Publisher : LPPM Politeknik Saint Paul Sorong

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32531/jsoscied.v8i1.948

The development of media as a learning resource in learning has a very close correlation with technology. E-modules are suitable media for use in project based learning strategy learning. This study aims to develop learning media in the form of e-modules with mangrove biodiversity material with a practical mapalus strategy to use. The development model used in this study is ADDIE with 5 stages, namely the analysis stage, design stage, development stage, implementation stage, and evaluation stage. The results of the media expert validation obtained 91% with a very feasible category, the validation of material experts obtained 85,3% with a very feasible category, the assessment of biology teachers obtained 90% with a very feasible category and the results of the questionnaire obtained from students 91% with a very feasible category which means that the media developed is feasible to use as a medium in learning.

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