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Ni Wayan Sri Suliartini
Universitas Mataram
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics Social Sciences Other

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KERAGAMAN FENOTIPIK DAN KERAGAAN AGRONOMI GALUR M5 PADI BERAS MERAH G16 HASIL IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA 200 DAN 300 Gy Masni Zulhidayati; Anak Agung Ketut Sudharmawan; Ni Wayan Sri Suliartini
AGROTEKSOS, Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pertanian Vol 35 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Agroteksos Agustus 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/agroteksos.v36i2.1717

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman fenotipe karakter kuantitatif M5 padi beras merah (G16) hasil iradiasi sinar gamma 200 dan 300 Gy serta mengevaluasi keragaan agronominya. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada April–Agustus 2024 di Dusun Belet, Desa Bagik Payung, Kecamatan Suralaga, Kabupaten Lombok Timur, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 21 perlakuan dan tiga ulangan (63 unit percobaan). Perlakuan terdiri atas 20 galur hasil iradiasi dan varietas Gamagora 7 sebagai pembanding. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA, komponen ragam, koefisien keragaman genetik (KKG), koefisien keragaman fenotipik (KKF), heritabilitas, dan kemajuan genetik harapan, serta uji BNJ 5% untuk karakter yang berbeda nyata. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa KKG seluruh karakter tergolong rendah, sedangkan KKF berkisar dari rendah hingga tinggi, menunjukkan bahwa variasi fenotipe lebih besar dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan dibandingkan komponen genetik. Heritabilitas berkisar 0–0,497 dan seluruh karakter memiliki kemajuan genetik harapan rendah. Keragaan antar galur berbeda nyata pada tinggi tanaman; galur G27 (16-9-4) memiliki tinggi tanaman tertinggi sebesar 138,43 cm, sedangkan Gamagora 7 terendah sebesar 97,57 cm. Umur panen seluruh galur hasil iradiasi adalah 107 HST dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan Gamagora tujuh (105,67 HST). Secara numerik, G27 (1-20-19) memiliki jumlah gabah per malai dan gabah bernas per malai tertinggi, masing-masing 179,16 dan 161,64 butir, tetapi perbedaannya tidak nyata. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa seleksi fenotipik pada satu lokasi masih terbatas efektivitasnya dan galur dengan performa numerik unggul perlu diuji pada beberapa lingkungan sebelum dipilih untuk tahapan pemuliaan berikutnya.
Growth and Stored Dry Grain Weight of Red Rice Varieties G16 M6 and Inpari-42 Andini Aristia; Ketut Sudharmawan; Ni Wayan Sri Suliartini
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 4 (2026): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i4.13533

Abstract

Red rice (Oryza sativa L.) has high functional value, but its agronomic performance requires improvement through plant breeding. This study aimed to evaluate agronomic traits, compare grain weight, and examine relationships between agronomic traits and dry grain weight in M6-generation red rice mutant lines (G16) and the reference variety Inpari-42. The experiment used a Randomized Complete Block Design comprising 10 G16 M6 mutant lines and Inpari-42, with three replications. The experimental unit was a plot, while sampled plants within each plot were treated as subsamples. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Duncan’s multiple range test at 5%, Pearson correlation, and simple linear regression. Significant differences among genotypes were observed in plant height, total and productive tiller numbers, panicle length, total grains per panicle, and 100-grain weight, whereas filled grain number and dry grain weight per hill did not differ significantly. Line G63 (5-14-10) showed high total and productive tiller numbers and total grains per panicle, while G63 (17-7-3) had relatively long panicles and high 100-grain weight. Total grains per panicle showed a strong positive correlation with dry grain weight per hill (r = 0.722). Correlation and regression analyses were based on genotype means (n = 11), and therefore should be interpreted as exploratory. The results indicate that G63 (5-14-10) and G63 (17-7-3) have distinct agronomic characteristics, while total grains per panicle may serve as a candidate selection trait for further validation in red rice breeding across environments.
Agronomic Performance of Gamma-Irradiated M6 Brown RiceGenotypes under Upland Conditions A. A. Ketut Sudharmawan; Wayan Wangiyana; I Gusti Putu Muliarta Aryana; Ni Wayan Sri Suliartini; Nur Mawadah Pratiwi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 4 (2026): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i4.13621

Abstract

Drought is a major constraint to rice production in upland environments; therefore, identifying genotypes with promising performance under these conditions is an important breeding objective. This study evaluated the agronomic performance of M6 brown rice mutant genotypes induced by gamma irradiation under field upland conditions. The available dataset comprised 15 entries (13 mutant lines and two check varieties) evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Ten quantitative traits were assessed, including days to flowering and harvest, plant height, total and productive tiller number, panicle length, leaf angle, filled and total grains per panicle, and 100-grain weight. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance at the 5% significance level; post-hoc comparisons were considered where appropriate. Significant genotypic effects were detected for total tiller number (P = 0.039), productive tiller number (P = 0.002), leaf angle (P = 0.006), days to flowering (P = 0.027), filled grains per panicle (P = 0.005), total grains per panicle (P < 0.001), and 100-grain weight (P < 0.001). Plant height, panicle length, and days to harvest did not differ significantly among entries. G27 1-20-19 flowered earliest (83 days) and combined a relatively high number of filled grains with a high leaf-angle value, whereas G27 1-20-6 had high numbers of filled and total grains. These entries warrant further evaluation across environments and seasons. The findings indicate agronomic potential under the tested conditions but do not, by themselves, establish drought tolerance.
Co-Authors A. A. Ketut Sudharmawan AA Sudharmawan, AA Abdul Muta Alli Anwar Ahman Alfan Ansori Andini Aristia Dano Syahputra Dwi Ratna Anugrahwati Elfan Hidayat Faihrorrozy I G P M Aryana I Gusti Putu Muliarta Aryana I Gusti Putu Muliarta Aryana I Ketut Ngawit I Komang Damar Jaya I Wayan Suana I Wayan Sudika I Wayan Sutresna Ihsan Itqanul Amal Irham Nil Ardi Ketut Sudharmawan Laela Maulida M. Taufik Hidayat Majrurraziky Majrurraziky Masni Zulhidayati Muhammad Hari Aditia Pratama Novita Hidayatun Nufus Nur Mawadah Pratiwi Pande Komang Suparyana Sarah Lehani Mitchell Shinta Adekayanti Sofian Aji Purnama Suprayanti Martia Dewi Syahputra, Maiser Wa Ode Nuraida Wayan Wangiyana