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Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya
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Synthesis and Characterization of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) from Corn Waste (Zea Mays L.) Haliman, Annisa Cendani; Yuliati, Selastia; Hasan, Abu
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 29, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Corn (Zea Mays L.) is one of the most widely cultivated food crops in the world, including in Indonesia. Corn plants produce waste, especially husks and cobs. Corn waste has no economic value and can lead to environmental pollution if burned. Corn husks contain approximately 44.08% cellulose, while cobs have a cellulose content of 45%. This high cellulose content makes it possible to process corn waste into microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). This study aims to investigate the effect of NaOH concentration and delignification time on the characteristics of the resulting MCC products. A mixture of corn husk and cob was treated with NaOH solutions of 5%, 10%, and 15% concentration, for delignification periods of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes, respectively. Furthermore, 10% H2O2 was used in the bleaching process to obtain alpha cellulose, followed by hydrolysis using HCl 2.5 N. Characterization of the MCC products was executed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The sample tests included organoleptic evaluations for shape, colour, and odour, as well as determination of the yield percentage, acidity, and moisture content. The crystallinity of the MCC obtained was satisfactory, while the SEM results indicated a pattern similar to Avicel pH 102. Increasing the concentration of NaOH resulted in smaller MCC particle sizes, facilitating dispersion during the acid hydrolysis. The NaOH concentration and delignification duration affected the yield percentage and surface contour, as observed in the SEM test, but the physical properties of the MCC were not affected by the concentration of NaOH. A concentration of 5% NaOH and a 90-minute delignification process yielded the highest crystallinity, at 99.4%, supported by a yield percentage of 77.09%, a pH of 5.84, a moisture content of 5.81%, and a particle size of 210.82 μm.
Pengaruh Tekanan Operasi Pada Unit Pengolahan Air Minum Kapasitas 100 Gallon Per Hari Berbasis Double Membran Silvertec Febriyanti; Yuniar; Yuliati, Selastia; Tahdid
Chemical Engineering Journal Storage (CEJS) Vol. 5 No. 05 (2025): Chemical Engineering Journal Storage (CEJS)-October 2025
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/cejs.v5i05.23829

Abstract

Air merupakan elemen penting dalam berbagai sektor industri dan harus memenuhi standar baku mutu sesuai Permenkes No. 2 Tahun 2023. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kualitas air hasil olahan sistem reverse osmosis (RO) berbasis double membran Silvertec serta mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi tekanan operasi terhadap fluks permeat dan efisiensi rejeksi. Parameter yang diuji meliputi TDS, Fe²⁺, Mn²⁺, Cl⁻, dan NO₂⁻, mengacu pada standar baku mutu air minum. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Teknik Energi Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya menggunakan air PDAM sebagai bahan baku, dengan variasi tekanan 3–8 bar. Hasil menunjukkan air olahan memenuhi standar pada tekanan optimal 6 bar, dengan TDS 23 mg/L, Fe²⁺ 0,0054 mg/L, dan Mn²⁺ 0,0018 mg/L. Fluks maksimum 23,8 L/m²·menit tercapai pada 8 bar, sedangkan efisiensi rejeksi tertinggi pada 6 bar untuk Fe²⁺ (97,2%), Cl⁻ (92%), Mn²⁺ (92%), NO₂⁻ (98,4%), dan TDS (92,3%). Sistem RO efektif memproduksi air minum layak konsumsi.
Penggunaan Demulsifier pada Heavy Crude Oil Suko Barat Distrik PT Pertamina Hulu Rokan Regional 1 Zona 1 Jambi Field Yuliani, Aliyah; Hasan, Abu; Yuliati, Selastia
Jurnal Teknologi Riset Terapan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Januari
Publisher : Penerbit Goodwood

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/jatra.v2i1.4247

Abstract

Purpose: The Final Report that will be carried out has the following objectives: Getting demulsifier injection optimization results Getting the best %BS&W results at PT Pertamina Hulu Rokan Regional 1 Zone 1 Jambi Field. Research methodology: The research was carried out at the PT EiON Cheimiicals Putra Laboratory. The research time is estimated to last 1 month. Literature research was carried out by extracting information via the internet and scientific journals. Results: In this study, the best operating conditions were obtained at 60 temperatures, 60 minutes of residence time and a demulsifier concentration of 40 ppm resulting in a %BS&W of 0.3%. . Conclusion: The crude oil purification used a demulsifier, analyzing water drop, dosage, and BS&W percentage. The best result was 0.3% BS&W at 60, 60 minutes, and 40 ppm, meeting the quality standard of below 1%. Limitations: The limitations of this study are  that the test was carried out under laboratory conditions so that the results may differ in the field, Parameters are limited in injection time, demulsifier concentration, and temperature; other factors have not been analyzed, The duration of the study is limited so that the long-term effects have not been measured. Contribution: This research can be useful for companies that produce heavy crude oil such as PT Pertamina Hulu Rokan Zone 1 Regional 1 Jambi Field which produces good oil quality.
Laju Pengeringan Chip Ubi Kayu Menggunakan Alat Tray Dryer Wardhana, Galindra Pramudya; Yuliati, Selastia; Wasiran, Yulianto
Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Vol. 3 No. 5 (2023): Innovative: Journal of Social Science Research
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

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Abstract

Ubi kayu merupakan salah satu bahan pangan yang biasa digunakan untuk makanan ringan. Pengeringan ubi kayu merupakan salah satu proses yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi kadar air pada ubi kayu dan meningkatkan kualitas produk terutama pada daya simpan yang tahan lama. Pengeringan yang biasa digunakan dengan menggunakan metode konvensional yang memiliki kekurangan, yaitu penggunaan waktu pengeringan yang relatif lama dan kehigienisan tidak terjaga dengan baik. Pengeringan ubi kayu dengan alat Tray Dryer sebagai media pengeringannya. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan kajian terhadap waktu dan laju pengeringan. Variabel yang digunakan, yaitu waktu pengeringan sebesar 15 menit, 30 menit, 45 menit, 60 menit, 75 menit, 90 menit, 105 menit, dan 120 menit serta temperatur pengeringan sebesar 70°C, 80°C, dan 90°C. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis kadar air. Laju pengeringan mempengaruhi chip ubi kayu yang dihasilkan, yaitu pada temperatur 80°C dengan kadar air 22,75%.
Produksi Bioetanol Berbahan Ampas Tebu Dan Sabut Kelapa Dengan Proses Fermentasi - Distilasi Ardiani, Salsha; Yerizam, Muhammad; Yuliati, Selastia
Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan Vol 10 No 7 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan
Publisher : Peneliti.net

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11221537

Abstract

The high demand for fuel in Indonesia is currently the main crisis for the lack of fuel oil (BBM). So that alternative energy plays an important role in overcoming bad situations like today, by utilizing waste from abundant natural resources through this research it can create bioethanol as an alternative energy made from bagasse and coconut coir. In the process of making bioethanol using fermentation and distillation methods through various processes such as lignification and hydrolysis to increase the glucose content so that the two materials can be fermented and produce good bioethanol. Sugarcane bagasse and coconut coir are fermented using yeast with urea substituted as yeast nutrition in the bioethanol fermentation process, where urea is used with variations of 1gr, 1.5gr, 2gr, 2.5gr, and 3gr. After the urea variation samples were analyzed from this study for the bioethanol content, the sample which had the highest bioethanol content based on the urea variation produced a bioethanol content of 25.1% with 2gr yeast and 3g urea, the optimal fermentation time was 5 days, with a refractive index obtained 1, 3522
Rancang Bangun Alat Screw Extruder Pembuatan Medium Density Fiberboard Berbasis Serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Perekat High Density Polyethylene (Hdpe) (Uji Kinerja Alat Ditinjau dari Efisiensi Screw Extruder) Arif Rachman, Muhamad; Meidinariasty, Anerasari; Yuliati, Selastia
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi Vol. 3 No. 01 (2022): Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3995.51 KB) | DOI: 10.59141/jist.v3i01.325

Abstract

Penelitian rancang bangun prototipe alat Single Screw Extruder bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) atau papan kayu berkerapatan sedang dengan bahan baku serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) dan perekat dari limbah plastik High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) yang sesuai dengan SNI 01-4449-2006. Pembuatan MDF dari bahan baku limbah TKKS dan HDPE ini diharapkan dapat menangani permasalahan limbah belum termanfaatkan dengan baik sekaligus mengolahnya menjadi produk bernilai jual demi mengatasi urgensi kebutuhan manusia akan papan kayu. Rancang bangun alat Single Screw Extruder ini dilakukan dengan memodifikasi insulasi pada barrel dan penggunaan inverter atau Speed Drive (VSD) pada motor penggerak. Penelitian ini memvariasikan temperatur pemanasan sebesar 210°C, 230°C, dan 250°C; serta putaran screw sebesar 20 rpm, 40 rpm, dan 60 rpm. Dilakukan pengujian terhadap produk papan serat yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan SNI 01-4449-2006 dan didapat nilai kerapatan tertinggi sebesar 0,9843 g/cm3; nilai daya serap terhadap air terendah sebesar 9,39%; nilai kadar air terendah sebesar 1,57%; dan nilai pengembangan tebal terendah sebesar 3,41%.
STUDI KASUS TINJAUAN KEBOCORAN SUSPENSION PREHEATER DAN KILN TERHADAP PANAS YANG HILANG DI PABRIK SEMEN Mangunsong, Zefanya Maranatha; Yuliati, Selastia; Amin, Jaksen M
Al-Irsyad Journal of Physics Education Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Januari 2026
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Darud Da'wah Wal Irsyad Pinrang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58917/ijpe.v5i1.516

Abstract

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kasus pada pabrik semen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengaruh kebocoran pada sistem suspension preheater dan kiln terhadap panas yang hilang pada pabrik semen. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui empat tahapan utama, yaitu (1) Definisi, tujuannya untuk mengetahui desain dan kapasitas produksi serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kebocoran pada sistem di dalam pabrik tersebut. (2) Pengamatan di lapangan, merupakan pengumpulan dan peta-data primer yang diperoleh dengan data lapangan seperti dimensi kebocoran, tekanan, dan suhu. (3) Pengolahan data, data primer dan sekunder yang sudah dikumpulkan diolah sehingga didapatkan volume udara (false air) yang masuk ke sistem serta besarnya kehilangan heat loss pada pabrik. (4) Perhitungan kerugian, adalah menghitung total besarnya kerugian yang diakibatkan karena adanya false air pada sistem dengan menggunakan basis harga batubara per tanggal 11 Januari 2022.
Co-Authors ., Fadarina Abu Hasan Alnafrah, Fenty Alpitansyah, Rachmad Bayu Amin, Jaksen M Anerasari Meidinariasty Ardiani, Salsha Arif Rachman, Muhamad Arizal Aswan Azizah, Roro Rizqi Ramadhani Erwana Dewi Febriyanti Haliman, Annisa Cendani HC, Fadarina Ihtifazhuddin, Farhan Indah Purnamasari Ismareni, Pepi Julyantiya, Robby Try Kalsum, Leila Kaslum, Leila Kurniawan, Yoga Kurniawan Mangunsong, Zefanya Maranatha Maulana, Ferdika Nanda Mentari, Inez Artemisia Muhammad Yerizam Mujiyanti, Apri Ningrum, Galuh Martiyah Oktaviani, Erika Dwi Pratama, M.Bagas Puspa, Dilia Putra, Rizkika Putri, Astri Oktaviana Ramayanti, Cindi Robert Junaidi Syakdani, Adi Tahdid Utami, Winda Andea Wardhana, Agum Try Wardhana, Galindra Pramudya Wasiran, Yulianto Yuliani, Aliyah Yuniar