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PENGUKURAN INTERSEPSI CURAH HUJAN PADA TANAMAN AREN (Arenga pinnata. Merr) DI KECAMATAN LINTAU BUO UTARA, SUMBAR Via Permata Sari; Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita; Gusmini Gusmini
Jurnal AGROHITA: Jurnal Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan Vol 6, No 1 (2021): Jurnal AGROHITA
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31604/jap.v6i1.3421

Intersepsi curah hujan merupakan jumlah air hujan yang tertangkap oleh tajuk tanaman yang kemudian diuapkan lagi ke atmosfer melalui proses evaporasi atau proses sublimasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk untuk mengetahui besarnya nilai intersepsi curah hujan pada tanaman aren (Arenga pinnata Merr) pada 3 tingkatan umur tanaman di Kecamatan Lintau Buo Utara, Kabupaten Tanah Datar, Sumatera Barat. Penelitian dimulai dengan melakukan survei pendahuluan di lapangan yaitu meninjau dan menentukan lokasi. Pengukuran intersepsi dilakukan dengan pengukuran air lolos tajuk dan aliran batang tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur tanaman memberikan pengaruh terhadap intersepsi curah hujan yang terjadi. Secara umum intersepsi meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan umur tanaman tetapi mengalami penurunan kembali pad umur tanaman yang sudah tua. Jumlah air yang terntersepsi tertinggi terdapat pada umur tanaman 15 tahun (160.41 mm), dengan aliran batang terendah (0.28 mm) dan air hujan yang lolos tajuk tertinggi sebanyak 767.88 mm.curah hujan memiliki hubungan terhadap besarnya nilai aliran batang, lolos tajuk dan intersepsi yang diperoleh.

Alley Cropping: Teknik Budidaya untuk Mengantisipasi Bencana Alam pada Lahan Pertanian Berlereng di Daerah Objek Wisata Buya Hamka Sungai Batang Maninjau Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita; Armansyah Armansyah; Refdinal Refdinal; Zainal A. Haris
Warta Pengabdian Andalas Vol 29 No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LPPM) Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jwa.29.3.186-197.2022

Maninjau Village, including the tourist destination of Buya Hamka in Sungai Batang, is susceptible to natural disasters, such as landslides. It happens due to the sloping and high rainfall (> 3000 mm per year) area. The soil is prone to landslides if the sloping land is intensively cultivated for crop growth. This community engagement activity socialised and practised alley cropping techniques to manage farming in the sloping area. This method for introducing the alley cropping technique was through presentation and discussion as well as practice in the field with a farming group “Sehati”, a member of KPGH (Hamka generation youth community), and community leaders of the Nagari Sungai Batang in November 2021. A farmer cultivating red onion adopted the alley cropping method for the farm having a 19o39’ (36%) slope level with an alley width was 5 m. Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia, known as green manure crops, were placed perpendicular to the slope of the alley fence. Gliricidia was planted every 5 m, and Tithonia between the Gliricidia at a 0.2 m distance in the alley fence.

PENGARUH PENCAMPURAN LAPISAN OLAH DAN LAPISAN TAPAK BAJAK TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT KIMIA TANAH SAWAH Rafdea Syafitri; H Hermansah; Y Yulnafatmawita
Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya

The increasing of Indonesian population has led to a decrease in the area of rice fields in Indonesia. Therefore, it is needed to increase the fertility and the productivity of paddy soil. Since 1984, several attempts have been made to increase the productivity of paddy soils through the green revolution program, but this has had a negative effect on the fertility of paddy soils. The exploitation of paddy soil layers which has been increasing for years has decreased paddy soil. Other aspects of paddy soil management need to be done; one of them is a mixture of top soil layer with plow pan layer. The mixture of top soil layer with the plow pan layer is expected to improve the soil fertility. This research was conducted with the aim to study the effect of the top soil layer and plow pan layer on the chemical properties of paddy soil. This study used a completely randomized design with five treatments of mixing paddy soil layers and three replications. The treatments were A1 = 100% top soil layer, A2 = 75% top soil layer + 25% plow pan layer, A3 = 50% top soil layer + 50% plow pan layer, A4 = 25% top soil layer + 75% plow pan layer, and A5 = 100% plow pan layer. The results showed that the A2 treatment gave changes in optimal soil chemical properties. The A2 treatment decreased EH value to 133 mV, increased pH to 6.08, organic-C 2.22%, total N 0.30%, available P 27.94%, CEC 38.50%, exchangeable Ca 0.88 me 100g-1, exchangeable Mg 0.37%, exchangeable K 0.94% and exchangeable Nadd 0.17%.

Role of Rice Husk Biochar in Improving Soil Physical Properties of ex Gold-Mined Soil Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita; Syafrimen Yasin; Lusi Maira
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 28, No 3: September 2023
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2023.v28i3.127-133

Mining causes destructive soil properties, especially soil texture, water retention, and transmission. Applying biochar is the best way to improve soil physical properties. A glasshouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of biochar on soil physical properties based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replicates. The research comprised six treatments (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 t biochar ha-1). The results showed that the ex-gold-mined soil had coarse soil texture (sandy loam), high Bulk Density (BD) (1.43 g cm-3), low Total Soil Pores (TSP) (46.45%), low soil organic matter (SOM) content (1.27 %), very fast hydraulic conductivity (198.8 cm h-1). After biochar incubation, SOM increased (to 3.11%), soil BD decreased (to 1.16 g cm-3), TSP increased (to 54.17 %), water retention increased (at pF 1.0, 2.0, 2.54, and 4.2), plant available water (PAW) increased (into 8.33 %), and hydraulic conductivity decreased (into 24.70 cm h-1). However, applying 20 t biochar ha-1 still needs to bring the soil physical properties of the ex-gold-mined soil back into suitable soil for farming land.

Peranan Biochar dan Kompos dalam Meningkatkan Retensi Air dan Produksi Jagung Manis (Zea mays L. var. saccharata) pada Tanah Bertekstur Kasar Anwar, Al Hidayati Maulana; Prasetyo, Teguh Budi; Yulnafatmawita, Yulnafatmawita
Agrikultura Vol 35, No 2 (2024): Agustus, 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v35i2.53995

Kemampuan tanah meretensi air akan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Tanah bertekstur kasar mempunyai kemampuan retensi air yang rendah sehingga tidak mampu menopang pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peranan biochar dan kompos dalam meningkatkan retensi air tanah serta produksi jagung manis (Zea mays L. var. saccharata). Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas pada November 2022 hingga Juni 2023, dengan mengunakan bahan berupa tanah bertekstur kasar dari ordo Inceptisol yang diambil dari lahan di Nagari Aie Dingin, Kecamatan Lembah Gumanti, Kabupaten Solok, Sumatera Barat, biochar yang berasal dari kulit kopi, dan kompos yang berasal dari jerami jagung. Penelitian ini terdiri dari delapan perlakuan yaitu kombinasi antara biochar dan kompos yaitu A = 0 ton/ha biochar + 0 ton/ha kompos, B = 24 ton/ha biochar + 0 ton/ha kompos, C = 20 ton/ha biochar + 4 ton/ha kompos, D =16 ton/ha biochar + 8 ton/ha kompos, E = 12 ton/ha biochar + 12 ton/ha kompos, F = 8 ton/ha biochar + 16 ton/ha kompos, G = 4 ton/ha biochar + 20 ton/ha kompos, dan H = 0 ton/ha biochar + 24 ton/ha kompos dengan 3 ulangan. Satuan percobaan dialokasikan berdasarkan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Parameter yang dianalisis yaitu bahan organik tanah (BOT), berat volume (BV), total ruang pori (TRP), permeabilitas, retensi air, pori air tersedia, serta pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis terbaik untuk meningkatkan retensi air, pori air tersedia, dan hasil tanaman jagung adalah 24 ton/ha biochar + 0 ton/ha kompos dengan peningkatan berturut-turut sebesar 23,18%, 85,5%, dan 633%. Namun, dosis terbaik untuk perbaikan sifat fisika tanah lainnya adalah 16 ton/h biochar + 8 ton/ha kompos yang ditandai dengan peningkatan BOT (9,2%), TRP (3,2%), permeabilitas (109%), stabilitas agregat (13,9%) dan penurunan BV (9,2%).

Kajian Sifat Fisika Tanah pada Beberapa Umur Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Rakyat di Nagari Ladang Panjang Kabupaten Pasaman, Sumatera Barat Ulfa, Nadilla; Yulnafatmawita, Yulnafatmawita; Rasyidin, Azwar
Agrikultura Vol 35, No 2 (2024): Agustus, 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v35i2.55692

Kondisi fisik suatu lahan merupakan faktor penting dalam budidaya tanaman. Di sisi lain pertumbuhan tanaman dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik tanah karena perbedaan jenis dan umur tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisik tanah pada perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat pada berbagai umur tanaman. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2022 sampai dengan Mei 2023 di Nagari Ladang Panjang Kabupaten Pasaman dan di Laboratorium Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumber Daya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei, pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan secara purposive sampling berdasarkan kelompok umur (10, 15, 20 dan 25 tahun) tanaman kelapa sawit. Parameter yang dianalisis adalah tekstur tanah, berat volume tanah, total ruang pori, permeabilitas, stabilitas agregat tanah, dan bahan organik tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tekstur tanah di daerah penelitian didominasi oleh tanah liat. Kandungan bahan organik tanah meningkat dari sangat rendah menjadi sedang, kestabilan agregat dari tidak stabil menjadi stabil, permeabilitas dari cukup rendah menjadi cukup cepat seiring dengan bertambahnya umur tanaman. Nilai berat volume tanah dan total ruang pori tanah tergolong sedang untuk semua umur tanaman. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa bertambahnya umur tanaman kelapa sawit dapat memperbaiki sifat fisik tanah.

Characteristics and Stocks of Soil Nutrient under Various Land Use Types in a Super Wet Tropical Rain Forest Padang, West Sumatra Hermansah, Hermansah; Sendi, Nofrita; Yulnafatmawita, Yulnafatmawita; Matsunaga, Tsugiyuki; Wakatsuki, Toshiyuki
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 15 No. 1: January 2010
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2010.v15i1.55-62

In order to clarify the characteristics and stocks of soil nutrient under various land use types in a super wet tropical rain forest in Padang, West Sumatera. We investigated the nutrient characteristics of the several samples of soils under different land use such as cacao plantation (CP), cinnamon plantation (CMP), mixed garden (MG), and primary forest (PF) in Gadut Mountain, Padang, West Sumatra. The soil nutrient characteristics varied among the different land use types. The range of nutrient characteristics under four land use type were 4.60 â€“ 7.01% and 0.4 â€“ 0.60 % for total carbon and total nitrogen and were 9.80 â€“ 24.59, 0.68 â€“ 2.07 and 0.30 â€“ 0.8 mol (+) kg-1 for Ca, Mg and K, respectively. The highest content of soil nutrient status was found under MG, while the lowest soil nutrient status found at PF. This result indicated that the MG with various vegetation types might contribute in enriching the organic matter in soil. The soil nutrient content such as TN, exchangeable Ca, Mg and K tended to decrease with soil depth of each land use type. However, the sodium (Na) content in soil tended to increase within the soil depth. These were presumably due to evaporation of Na at surface soil within the study area was low. These study results showed that spatially the nutrient properties of soil were closely related to the land use type and management practices. It was suggested that the nutrient characteristics of soils under various land use types in a super wet tropical rain forest region, in Gadut Mountain, Padang West Sumatra were significantly affected by the land use types and land coverage.

Effect of Land Use Change on Soil Physico-chemical Characteristics in Sungai Batang, east part of Maninjau Caldera Yulnafatmawita, Yulnafatmawita; Refdinal, Refdinal; Armansyah, Armansyah; Haris, Zainal Abdul
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 27 No. 2: May 2022
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2022.v27i2.79-87

Land-use change from the forest to others will affect the soilâ€™s physicochemical properties. The research was conducted to identify soil physicochemical properties affected by land-use change in Sungai Batang, the east-south part of Maninjau caldera. The research used a survey method from which soil was sampled at four different types of land use (forest, bushland, mixed garden, and paddy soil) at 0-30 cm depth with three replicates. The results show that the soil in Sungai Batang was still developing. It was indicated by coarse soil texture (clay loam to sandy clay loam). Land-use change from the forest to other uses has altered some soil physicochemical properties. It increased soil bulk density and decreased total soil porosity, permeability rate, SOM content, andÂ total-N. However, there was an increase inÂ soil characteristics, especially soil P-availability, CEC, Ca-Â and Na-exchangeable . While the soil pHÂ (H2O), K-and Mg-exchangeable stayed the same. In general, land use changed from forest to other use, mostly farming land degraded physicochemical characteristics of the soil derived from volcanic materials in Sungai Batang. That was mainly due to the decrease in SOM content.

Role of Rice Husk Biochar in Improving Soil Physical Properties of ex Gold-Mined Soil Yulnafatmawita, Yulnafatmawita; Yasin, Syafrimen; Maira, Lusi
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 28 No. 3: September 2023
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2023.v28i3.127-133

Mining causes destructive soil properties, especially soil texture, water retention, and transmission. Applying biochar is the best way to improve soil physical properties. A glasshouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of biochar on soil physical properties based on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replicates. The research comprised six treatments (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 t biochar ha-1). The results showed that the ex-gold-mined soil had coarse soil texture (sandy loam), high Bulk Density (BD) (1.43 g cm-3), low Total Soil Pores (TSP) (46.45%), low soil organic matter (SOM) content (1.27 %), very fast hydraulic conductivity (198.8 cm h-1). After biochar incubation, SOM increased (to 3.11%), soil BD decreased (to 1.16 g cm-3), TSP increased (to 54.17 %), water retention increased (at pF 1.0, 2.0, 2.54, and 4.2), plant available water (PAW) increased (into 8.33 %), and hydraulic conductivity decreased (into 24.70 cm h-1). However, applying 20 t biochar ha-1 still needs to bring the soil physical properties of the ex-gold-mined soil back into suitable soil for farming land.

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ULTISOLS AND THE IMPACT ON SOIL LOSS DURING SOYBEAN (Glycine max Merr) CULTIVATION IN WET TROPICAL AREA Yulnafatmawita, Yulnafatmawita; Adrinal, Adrinal
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 36, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v36i1.350

Physical characteristicsare among soil propertiesaffecting the susceptibility to erosion. Determination of physical characteristics of Ultisol was aimed to evaluate the dynamics of soil properties as well asthe impact on soil erosion and runoff (RO) during soybean cultivation in wet tropical area. Soybean was planted within erosion plots (18 m2) at 25% slope in UltisolLimauManis (having > 5000 mm annual rainfall). Soil samples for physical properties (soil texture, bulk density, total pore, permeability, aggregate stability,and organic carbon) as well as amount of RO and soil loss were analyzed at 5 different times (stages) during the cultivation. The results showed that there was fluctuation in physical properties of Ultisol during the cultivation. Likewise, the amount of runoff and soil loss also changed during the study. Among the physical properties analyzed, the aggregate stability index of the soil highly correlated to the amount of RO (R2=0.73) and soil loss (R2=0.94). Amount of RO and soil loss was controlled by soybean development at the average rainfall intensity ≤ 36 mm/day, but not at rainfall intensity >36 mm/day. It is suggested not to open heavily clayey-low OC soils for seasonal crop farming during rainy season in wet tropical area. Keywords: soil physical properties, Ultisol, erosion,runoff, soybean cultivation

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