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The Relevance of Restorative Justice in Reducing Overcapacity in Correctional Institutions for Male and Female Prisoners Kurnia Dewi Anggraeny; Petrus Kanasius Kristiaga
Kosmik Hukum Vol 25, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i1.23779

Correctional institutions in Indonesia are facing severe overcrowding, with the number of inmates far exceeding facility capacities. This issue is alarming as it leads to numerous negative consequences, including poor living conditions and difficulties in rehabilitation. One possible solution is adopting a restorative justice approach, which shifts the focus of the criminal justice system from punitive measures to reconciliation and rehabilitation, ensuring justice for both victims and offenders rather than relying solely on imprisonment. This study examines the factors contributing to overcapacity in Class IIB Sleman Penitentiary and Class IIB Wonosari Penitentiary while also assessing the relevance of restorative justice in addressing this issue. Using an empirical normative methodology with a sociological juridical approach, the research incorporates statutory and structural analyses to understand the root causes of overcapacity. The findings reveal several key factors behind the overcrowding problem, including the large jurisdiction and high population of Sleman, rising crime rates, the absence of detention centers in Sleman and Wonosari, high recidivism rates, the exclusion of certain offences from restorative justice eligibility, transfers of inmates from other correctional units, and inmates choosing to serve prison sentences instead of paying fines. Restorative justice is highly relevant in addressing this issue as it provides an effective alternative to imprisonment. By focusing on conflict resolution, offender rehabilitation, and victim involvement, restorative justice aligns with the evolving priorities of Indonesia’s legal system. Implementing this approach more effectively could significantly reduce overcrowding in correctional facilities while simultaneously ensuring justice for victims, offenders, and society as a whole.

The implementation and effectiveness of Indonesian Supreme Court Rule No. 3 of 2017 on women victims of the sexual violence in Yogyakarta Anggraeny, Kurnia Dewi; Kamaludin, Aang; Khakim, Mufti; Sugiharto, Gatot
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHILD AND GENDER STUDIES Vol 9, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/equality.v9i2.18069

PERMA (Supreme Court Rule) No. 3 of 2017 issued by the Supreme Court regulates the attitude guidelines for judges in adjudicating women's cases in conflict with the law, both criminal and civil cases involving women as victims, witnesses, or parties. These regulations can be used as a legal basis by judges in adjudicating cases of women in conflict with the law due to criminal acts of sexual violence. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing PERMA No. 3 of 2017 concerning guidelines for adjudicating cases of women in conflict with the law as a result of victims of sexual violence at the Yogyakarta District Court. The method used in this research is empirical normative, which focuses on collecting information obtained from judges at the Yogyakarta District Court regarding the effectiveness of PERMA No. 3 of 2017 against women as a result of victims of sexual violence. The approach methods that the author uses in this research include the conceptual approach, the statutory approach, and the case approach. The data collection method is through interviews and documentation of judges, and the data analysis used is descriptive-qualitative. This research concludes that PERMA No. 3 of 2017 has been quite effective in accordance with the theory of legal effectiveness, which uses several a quo decisions as samples to determine whether PERMA No. 3 of 2017 has been applied and implemented in the Yogyakarta District Court for women victims of sexual violence.

The Relevance of Restorative Justice in Reducing Overcapacity in Correctional Institutions for Male and Female Prisoners Anggraeny, Kurnia Dewi; Kristiaga, Petrus Kanasius
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i1.23779

Correctional institutions in Indonesia are facing severe overcrowding, with the number of inmates far exceeding facility capacities. This issue is alarming as it leads to numerous negative consequences, including poor living conditions and difficulties in rehabilitation. One possible solution is adopting a restorative justice approach, which shifts the focus of the criminal justice system from punitive measures to reconciliation and rehabilitation, ensuring justice for both victims and offenders rather than relying solely on imprisonment. This study examines the factors contributing to overcapacity in Class IIB Sleman Penitentiary and Class IIB Wonosari Penitentiary while also assessing the relevance of restorative justice in addressing this issue. Using an empirical normative methodology with a sociological juridical approach, the research incorporates statutory and structural analyses to understand the root causes of overcapacity. The findings reveal several key factors behind the overcrowding problem, including the large jurisdiction and high population of Sleman, rising crime rates, the absence of detention centers in Sleman and Wonosari, high recidivism rates, the exclusion of certain offences from restorative justice eligibility, transfers of inmates from other correctional units, and inmates choosing to serve prison sentences instead of paying fines. Restorative justice is highly relevant in addressing this issue as it provides an effective alternative to imprisonment. By focusing on conflict resolution, offender rehabilitation, and victim involvement, restorative justice aligns with the evolving priorities of Indonesia’s legal system. Implementing this approach more effectively could significantly reduce overcrowding in correctional facilities while simultaneously ensuring justice for victims, offenders, and society as a whole.

Asas Kemaslahatan dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Perundungan oleh Santri Berdasarkan MAQĀṢID SYARĪ’AH Ilham Lahiyah; Fauzan Muhammadi; Muhammad Habibi Miftakhul Marwa; Kurnia Dewi Anggraeny
JUSTISI Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): JUSTISI
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33506/jurnaljustisi.v10i1.2764

Apart from the main aim of Islamic boarding schools for Islamic development, carrying out Islamic boarding schools often encounters problems, for example, cases of criminal acts by students. Thus, criminal acts that occur in the Islamic boarding school environment become insignificant and normal. One of the criminal problems that often occurs in Islamic boarding schools is bullying. Islamic boarding schools in Babakan, Ciwaringin, Cirebon area have various areas, buildings, and numbers of students. Criminal cases like bullying are common to occur in the boarding school environment. Therefore, this research aims to determine the application of Islamic boarding school principles of virtue in resolving student bullying cases and to determine Islamic boarding school principles of virtue in resolving Islamic boarding school bullying cases in terms of maqāṣid syarī'ah. This research is a qualitative study using a conceptual approach and a statutory approach. This method is supported by primary and secondary data. The primary data were collected through interviews with Islamic boarding school managers and students, while the secondary data were obtained through literature studies from books, journals, articles, and else related to this research. This research found that bullying still commonly happens in Islamic boarding schools. Efforts to resolve the problems by the Islamic Boarding Schools are carried out using internal processes such as discussion or non-physical punishment in accordance with the Islamic Boarding School's internal regulations. This is considered to be in line with the Principles of Virtue as stated in the Islamic Boarding School Law. In addition, the existence of the Islamic Boarding School Law has not been widely known by the elements within the Islamic Boarding Schools. However, what the Islamic Boarding Schools implement in resolving bullying cases has accommodated the concept of protecting the soul contained in maqāṣid syarī'ah. Keywords: Pesantren; Maṣlaḥah; Bullying; Maqāṣid

The Urgency of Cybercrime Law Reform in Indonesia: Resolving Artificial Intelligence Criminal Liability Kurnia Dewi Anggraeny; Mufti Khakim; Muhammad Rizal Sirojudin
JUSTISI Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): JUSTISI
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33506/js.v11i1.3608

The existence of AI is a separate system based on logic, where the information entered into the system will be processed with a programmed algorithm to determine a predetermined result. AI can cause various forms of harm to everyone, including its creator, and the harm it causes can have a long-lasting impact, considering that AI can make decisions similar to humans. The application of AI in the industrial sector will impact all existing systems, including the criminal justice system in all countries. Therefore, the legal regulation of cybercrime in Indonesia needs to be reformed to resolve criminal liability for criminal acts that AI can carry out. The formulation of the problem in this study is what is the urgency of updating cybercrime law in Indonesia. Furthermore, how is the legal policy on criminal liability for artificial intelligence resolved it. Thus, this study normative such as legal research carried out by examining library materials or data using statutory and analytical approaches. This study concludes and suggests that responsibility must be imposed on AI users and legal entities whose responsible parties are company directors. AI creators must also be responsible for the AI's actions. The renewal of cyber law in Indonesia is significant and should be done immediately, even in the Electronic Information and Transactions Law. Almost all institutional and personal documents are stored electronically; the state must also protect them. Other parties can then misuse these documents, which can be traded on the cyber black market and used irresponsibly. Illegal activities in cyberspace are also increasing, and the diversity of their actions with various skills is constantly increasing.

Analysis Of Legal Discovery Methods By Judges In Rechterlijk Pardon's Perspective to Solve Criminal Cases Gatot Sugiharto; Mira Julita Sari; Kurnia Dewi Anggraeny; Fauzan Muhammadi
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 14, No. 1, June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v14i1.4397

ABSTRACT Purpose of the study: This research aims to ascertain the legal discovery process that judges use to assess whether to grant rechtlijk pardon in order to resolve criminal cases, as well as the challenges judges encounter while attempting to do so. Methodology: Normative legal research was used in this paper. Normative legal research, which is carried out in the literature review in the form of pertinent legal regulations and norms, is a scientific research technique grounded in the logic of jurisprudence (doctrine) to seek truth from a normative perspective. Results: The study's findings lead to the following conclusions: firstly, judges can perform rechvorming through the use of the construction legal discovery method, which takes the form of legal narrowing or legal refining, while determining rechterlijk pardon. Secondly, in carrying out the revision, the court employed the process of finding construction law based on restorative justice. Applications of this study: The study gives a more comprehensive understanding analysis, given that the current criminal law formulation policy does not embrace the value of genuine forgiveness by judges. However, judges retain very particular authority in cases where the defendant has been legally and convincingly established to have committed a criminal conduct, but the judge may grant forgiveness without imposing a sentence. Novelty/Originality of this study: A concrete decision that has become jurisprudence as an implementation of Rechvorming with the discovery of construction law in the form of legal refinement (narrowing of the law) by judges in the perspective of Rechterlijk Pardon is the North-East Jakarta District Court Number 46/Pid/78/UT/Wanita and the North-East Jakarta District Court Decision Number 90/PID/1976/TIM. The Panel of Judges takes into account the seriousness of the offense, the offender's personal circumstances, or the circumstances surrounding the crime at the time it was committed when awarding a rechterlijk pardon. The existence of peace between the parties, justice, and humanity may also be taken into consideration by the judicial panel while deciding whether to prosecute or take no action of parties as an extra option for deciphering rechterlijk pardon. Keywords: Legal Discovery, Judge, Rechtlijk Pardon ABSTRAK Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses penemuan hukum yang digunakan hakim dalam menilai apakah akan memberikan pengampunan hukum (rechtlijk pardon) untuk menyelesaikan kasus pidana serta tantangan yang dihadapi hakim dalam melakukannya. Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian hukum normatif yang dilakukan dalam bentuk kajian literatur berupa peraturan hukum dan norma yang relevan adalah teknik penelitian ilmiah yang didasarkan pada logika yurisprudensi (doktrin) untuk mencari kebenaran dari perspektif normatif. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa kesimpulan berikut: Pertama, hakim dapat melakukan pembentukan hukum melalui metode penemuan hukum konstruksi yang berupa penyempitan hukum atau pemurnian hukum dalam menentukan rechterlijk pardon. Kedua, dalam melakukan revisi, pengadilan menggunakan proses penemuan hukum konstruksi berdasarkan keadilan restoratif. Aplikasi Penelitian: Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman dan analisis yang lebih komprehensif mengingat kebijakan formulasi hukum pidana saat ini tidak mengadopsi nilai pengampunan sejati oleh hakim. Namun, hakim tetap memiliki kewenangan khusus dalam kasus di mana terdakwa secara sah dan meyakinkan terbukti melakukan tindakan pidana tetapi hakim dapat memberikan pengampunan tanpa menjatuhkan hukuman. Kebaruan/Orisinalitas Penelitian: Keputusan konkret yang telah menjadi yurisprudensi sebagai implementasi Rechvorming dengan penemuan hukum konstruksi dalam bentuk pemurnian hukum (penyempitan hukum) oleh hakim dalam perspektif Rechterlijk Pardon adalah Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Timur Nomor 46/Pid/78/UT/Wanita dan Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Timur Nomor 90/PID/1976/TIM. Majelis Hakim mempertimbangkan keseriusan pelanggaran, keadaan pribadi pelaku, atau keadaan di sekitar kejahatan pada saat itu dilakukan saat memberikan rechterlijk pardon. Keberadaan perdamaian antara pihak-pihak, keadilan, dan kemanusiaan juga dapat dipertimbangkan oleh majelis hakim saat memutuskan untuk menuntut atau tidak melakukan tindakan terhadap pihak-pihak sebagai opsi tambahan untuk menafsirkan rechterlijk pardon. Kata Kunci: Penemuan Hukum, Hakim, Rechtlijk Pardon

Robot Prosecutors and the Future of Criminal Justice in Indonesia: Innovation, Ethics, and Legal Implications Anggraeny, Kurnia Dewi; Fernando, Zico Junius; Rinaldi, Kasmanto
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 12, No 1 (2025): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Robot prosecutors represent the integration of robotic technology and artificial intelligence (AI) into the traditional role of a prosecutor, reflecting the global trend towards automation and the application of technology within the legal system. This concept is no longer merely a theoretical; it has begun to materialize in certain jurisdictions. For instance, China has emerged as a pioneer in this field by successfully developing an innovative AI program capable of not only of identifying crimes through detailed data analysis but also of filing appropriate lawsuits. This progress underscores the immense potential of this technology to enhance efficiency and accuracy in judicial processes, while simultaneously raising significant questions about ethics, transparency, and justice. This study employed normative methods and utilizing several approaches, including comparative, conceptual, and futuristic approaches. Qualitative analysis was applied to the collected materials; and content analysis was used to classify legal materials. The findings emphasize that while robot prosecutors can improve efficiency in handling routine and data-driven cases, their role should not replace human judgment in more complex and ethically sensitive cases. The legal system must ensure a balance between technological advancements and fundamental principles of justice. Collaboration between AI and human prosecutors, guided by clear protocols, is essential to maintain fairness and ethical integrity, particularly in cases involving moral and social considerations. Thus, Indonesia’s approach to integrating robot prosecutors should focus on establishing transparent oversight mechanisms and protecting the rights of defendants, particularly the right to appeal, to ensure that technological advancements support rather than compromise justice. The adoption of robot prosecutors in Indonesia has the potential to revolutionize the legal landscape. However, it must be pursued cautiously, taking into account both the technological benefits and the human values that underpin justice.

Paradigma Unsur Delik Aduan terhadap Perzinaan dalam Kajian Pembaruan Hukum Pidana Sutran, Moh. Raihan Rizaldi; Anggraeny, Kurnia Dewi
Proceedings Series on Social Sciences & Humanities Vol. 23 (2025): Proceedings of Seminar Nasional Kebaharuan KUHP Nasional dan Urgensi Pembaharuan KUH
Publisher : UM Purwokerto Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/pssh.v23i.1561

Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana merupakan dasar hukum yang telah dipakai oleh bangsa Indonesia sejak lama. Aparatur negara dan para ahli hukum sedang berusaha untuk memperbarui KUHP karena KUHP merupakan produk hukum Belanda yang sampai saat ini harus diperbarui. Para ahli hukum berpendapat bahwa Indonesia harus mempunyai produk hukumnya sendiri karena KUHP buatan Belanda dianggap belum sesuai dengan norma dan kebiasaan masyarakat Indonesia. Pembaruan hukum pidana yang dilakukan oleh aparatur negara saat ini telah disahkan, tetapi masih banyak masyarakat yang merasa resah dengan beberapa Pasal di dalam KUHP Nasional. Salah satunya adalah tentang tindak pidana perzinaan. Pasal 411 KUHP Nasional tentang tindak pidana perzinaan telah diubah ketentuan pidananya. Pasal 411 KUHP Nasional mendapat perluasan makna dan delik aduan di dalamnya masih dianggap kurang layak dan mendapatkan perdebatan panjang oleh para ahli hukum dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep dari delik aduan dalam tindak pidana perzinaan di KUHP Nasional serta mengetahui kebijakan hukum tentang delik aduan dalam tindak pidana perzinaan di KUHP/Wetboek van Strafrecht dan KUHP Nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis dan diperkuat dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan komparatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dianalisis oleh penulis, terdapat perbedaan paradigma dan makna delik aduan yang diperluas dalam tindak pidana perzinaan di dalam Wetboek van Strafrecht maupun KUHP Nasional.

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