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Abu Bakar
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The Royal Throne of Tuan Besar in the Restoration of Kubu Kingdom: A Nasab Fiqh Perspective Abu Bakar
Al-Albab Vol 11, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Graduate Program of Pontianak Institute of Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/alalbab.v11i1.2182

Abstract

This study describes the unresolved problem of the fight for the throne in the restoration of the Kubu kingdom and reveals the underlying root causes. The description of the problem is based on historical accounts and continuous local mass media coverage related to the fight for the throne. The problem is placed in its Indonesian political context, namely Regional Autonomy Era which seeks to promote the preservation and development of local culture. Nasab fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence concerning lineage) is used as the perspective of the review. This study explains that the Kubu restoration was hindered by the fight for the throne because the nasab (lineage) requirements were used as the sole instrument. In turn, the lineage requirement has made the issues related to Kubu throne a primordial fight among the king’s descendants. This sheds some light on the fact that the throne has high heirloom value or shared inheritance which is attached to material rights. These material rights are granted by regional autonomy which provides opportunities for the king to revive local cultural roles.
KENAIKAN HARGA JUAL MASKER PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI KOTA PONTIANAK PERSPEKTIF AT-TAS’IR Qiara Idmi Azity; Rusdi Sulaiman; Abu Bakar
Al-Aqad Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Al-Aqad: Journal of Shariah Economic Law
Publisher : LP2M and Shariah Faculty of The Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-aqad.v1i1.325

Abstract

Islam mengajarkan kebebasan setiap orang untuk melakukan kegiatan ekonomi dengan tidak merugikan pembeli atau penjual, setiap orang diperintahkan untuk memanfaatkan hartanya untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya dan memperbaiki kehidupannya dengan cara tidak bertentangan dengan kemashlahatan masyarakat. Salah satu aturan hukum Islam yang mendukung perekonomian adalah At-Tas’ir yang merupakan aturan penentuan harga tertentu untuk barang dagangan yang dijual selama tidak ada kezaliman penjual atau penguasa dan tidak pula kezaliman terhadap pembeli. Adanya Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) yang masuk ke Pontianak, masyarakat perlu berhati-hati dan menjaga kesehatan. Salah satu alat pelindung diri untuk menjaga kesehatan dari Covid-19 adalah masker. Kondisi pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan harga jual masker di pasaran melambung naik, khususnya di apotek Islam di Pontianak yaitu Apotek Al-Qowiy, Apotek Amanah, dan Apotek Barokah. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diketahui mulai harga jual masker sebelum dan saat Covid-19, faktor penyebab, dan ketentuan At-Tas’ir terhadap menaiknya harga jual masker saat Covid-19. Penelitian ini diteliti dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum dan pendekatan kualitatif serta dengan sifat deskriptif analisis. Teknik analisis data yaitu melalui tahap editing, classification, verification dan concluding. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kenaikkan harga jual masker sebelum dan saat Covid-19 mengalami kenaikan yang sangat tinggi dari harga normalnya, bahkan kenaikkan tersebut mencapai 3-5 kali lipat. Faktor penyebab yang menimbulkan kenaikkan harga jual masker yaitu faktor permintaan, faktor biaya produksi, dan faktor campuran. Menaiknya harga jual masker bahwasannya sudah relevan dengan aturan hukum At-Tas’ir, karena harga jual masker sebelum dan saat Covid-19 serta faktor-faktor yang menyebab terjadinya kenaikkan harga jual masker yang dilakukan oleh ketiga apotek Islam tersebut dihalalkan atau diperbolehkan oleh hukum At-Tas’ir.
LELANG AGUNAN SEBAGAI AKIBAT WANPRESTASI AKAD MURABAHAH (Kajian Putusan Hakim Pengadilan Agama Sintang Nomor 0079/Pdt.G/2017/PA.Stg) Sofia Fadhlia Delanti; Rusdi Sulaiman; Abu Bakar
Al-Aqad Vol. 1 No. 1 (2021): Al-Aqad: Journal of Shariah Economic Law
Publisher : LP2M and Shariah Faculty of The Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-aqad.v1i1.333

Abstract

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum dan tergolong jenis penelitian hukum normatif (legal research) dengan objek putusan hakim pengadilan nomor 0079/Pdt.G/2017/PA.Stg. Sumber data penelitian ini menggunakan bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah teknik kepustakaan (library research) dengan cara mengumpulkan bahan-bahan hukum studi pustaka. Sedangkan untuk menganalisis datanya, peneliti menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan logika berpikir deduktif. Berdasarkan analisis inilah peneliti dapat menyimpulkan bahwa: 1) perkara nomor 0079/Pdt.G/2017/PA.Stg tentang pelaksanaan lelang terhadap barang agunan sebagai akibat wanprestasi akad murabahah muncul karena terdapat beberapa masalah, yaitu dikarenakan miscommunication atau kesalahpahaman dari pihak Penggugat dan Tergugat, serta ketidaktahuan dari pihak Penggugat atas prosedur berdasarkan hukum yang berlaku. Majelis hakim tidak merumuskan makna wanprestasi dalam putusan baik berdasarkan Kompilasi Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata), (Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah) KHES, hadits Nabi Saw., ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an, ataupun sumber hukum Islam lain yang membahas terkait makna wanprestasi; 2) hakim memutuskan perkara hanya melihat dari pembuktian atau alat bukti yang diberikan para pihak. Peneliti tidak menemukan sama sekali Majelis Hakim menggunakan KHES dalam menimbang dan memutuskan perkara ini. Majelis hakim menggunakan metode interpretasi yang menafsirkan berdasarkan teks undang-undang atau naskah teks saja. Hakim juga menggunakan metode interpretasi subsumptif yang mana menafsirkan secara sederhana berdasarkan dalil Hadits Nabi Saw. yang dipegang hakim, dan berdasarkan pertimbangan yuridis. Rekomendasi peneliti untuk kasus ini adalah perlu rujukan sumber-sumber hukum Islam yang berkenaan dengan sengketa ekonomi syariah dalam merumuskan putusan perkara.
ANALISIS PRAKTIK JAMINAN FIDUSIA PADA JUAL BELI KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI AREA PONTIANAK BARAT DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH Sri Hamidah; Syahbudi Syahbudi; Abu Bakar
Al-Aqad Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Al-Aqad: Journal of Shariah Economic Law
Publisher : LP2M and Shariah Faculty of The Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-aqad.v1i2.362

Abstract

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan yang bersifat deskriptif, analisis, komparatif dengan menggunakan pola pendekatan sosiologis dan normatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua teori yaitu teori jaminan fidusia secara umum dan jaminan menurut Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (HES). Selain itu, peneliti menggunakan dua teori ini untuk menganalisis praktek, konsep, dan mekanisme jaminan fidusia secara umum dan jaminan di dalam HES secara keseluruhan pada perusahaan pembiayaan kendaraan bermotor. Penelitian ini beragumentasi bahwa bentuk dan isi perjanjian pembiayan konsumen dengan jaminan fidusia pada perusahaan pembiayaan umum yang ada di Pontianak Barat merupakan perjanjian standar. Perjanjian pembiayaan tersebut dibuat oleh perusahaan secara tertulis dan disertai materai. Pelaksanaan perjanjian ini berdasarkan hukum perdata terdiri atas dua sumber yaitu asas kebebasan berkontrak dan perundang-undangan di bidang hukum perdata. Peneliti menemukan hambatan-hambatan yang muncul dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian yakni terjadinya penunggakan sehingga mengarah pada terjadinya wanprestasi. Pengalihan kendaraan atau over credit pada pihak lain. Diharapkan nanti, proses pelaksanaan perjanjian antara kreditur dan debitur dapat melakukan perjanjian dan pelaksanaan jaminan fidusia sesuai standar yang terdapat dalam UU No.42 Tahun 1999 dan dalam konsep hukum perjanjian, al-rahn dapat dianalogikan sebagai perjanjian ’accesoir’ atau perjanjian ikutan (tambahan). Sebagai konsep hukum jaminan, al-rahn dapat dianalogikan sebagai lembaga jaminan sebagaimana lembaga jaminan konvensional lain yang juga merupakan perjanjian ’accesoir’, yaitu hak tanggungan, fidusia dan gadai. Konsep tolong menolong tersebut terimplementasi dalam bentuk pinjam meminjam, tolong menolong inilah yang merupakan ciri khas dari konsep al-rahn atau jaminan syariah. Kata Kunci: Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Jaminan Fidusia, Jual Beli
STUDI KOMPARASI JUAL BELI DENGAN HAK MEMBELI KEMBALI MENURUT KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PERDATA DAN KOMPILASI HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH Sumardi Sumardi; Rahmat Rahmat; Abu Bakar
Al-Aqad Vol. 1 No. 2 (2021): Al-Aqad: Journal of Shariah Economic Law
Publisher : LP2M and Shariah Faculty of The Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-aqad.v1i2.479

Abstract

This research seeks to find out the terms of buying and selling with the right to buy back according to the civil law code and according to the compilation of Sharia economic law and know the similarities and differences in the terms of buying and selling with the right to buy back according to the Civil Law Code and the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law. Data analysis technique used by researchers is a systematic interpretation with two steps, namely content analysis and linking between articles related to research. The results of the study showed that buying and selling with the right to buy back according to the Civil Code: The seller was given the right to be able to buy back the goods he had sold under the agreement. In KHES can also occur under the existence of an agreement. The similarities and differences include the right to the buyer to be able to buy back the goods he has sold, equality in the rights and obligations of sellers and buyers, namely sellers both have the right to demand the buyer return the object of sale, and equally obliged to return the original sale price. The rights and obligations of the seller can both demand a return on the purchase price, and the buyer is equally obligated to return the object to the seller. While the difference in provisions in the Civil Code and KHES include
PEMASANGAN EYELASH EXTENSION DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1999 DAN HUKUM ISLAM Shakina Shakina; Sukardi Sukardi; Abu Bakar
Al-Aqad Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Al-Aqad: Journal of Shariah Economic Law
Publisher : LP2M and Shariah Faculty of The Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-aqad.v3i2.713

Abstract

This research aims to examine the installation of Eyelash Extensions in Islamic law. This research has 2 problem formulations, namely: 1) Eyelash Extension installation practice. 2) Review of Consumer Protection Law No. 8 of 1999 and Islamic law. The type of research used is qualitative research. As far as its implementation, this research is alluded to as field research, which is to find events that are the object of continuous examination, to obtain the latest and direct data on Eyelash Extension Installation in Consumer Protection Law Number 8 of 1999 and Islamic Law. In practice, researchers observe, that business actors do not carry out all the rights that should be obtained by consumers following Article 7 of the Law. In terms of the installation of Eyelash Extension in Islamic Law is haram. The first is that the Eyelash Extension is included in changing Allah's creation without any reason that requires changing Allah's creation. The existence of the prohibition is divided into two, namely related to a sense of ingratitude for God's creation. Secondly, Eyelash Extension is included in tabarruj because of excessive self-adornment. This activity can also endanger oneself.
JUAL BELI SATWA LIAR YANG DILINDUNGI DI KECAMATAN GALING KABUPATEN SAMBAS PERSPEKTIF PERATURAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR 02 TAHUN 2008 Rahma Rahma Maulidya; Abu Bakar; Nur Hakimah
Al-Aqad Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Al-Aqad: Journal of Shariah Economic Law
Publisher : LP2M and Shariah Faculty of The Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-aqad.v2i1.754

Abstract

This research wants to uncover the practice of selling protected wildlife in Galing Sambas and weigh it within the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law (KHES) framework and in the Supreme Court Regulation (Perma) No. 02 of 2008. This research is an empirical juridical law study with a normative approach. It uses primary and secondary data from observation techniques, interviews, and documentation among these study location studies, statutory studies, journals, articles, books - books related to research. Data analysis techniques are through the stage of organizing data, outlining the depth of the units, and doing the synthesis. Whereas in the validity test, the data uses triangulation. The results of this study show two things, namely buying and selling practices and the law. Buying and selling protected wildlife in Galing Sambas District is practiced as usual transactions include; seller, buyer, place of sale and purchase object, settlement, place of sale and purchase, and the expiration of transactions. Payment systems are carried out in cash and non-cash. Such buying and selling practices are fervently legal. At the same time, the law of buying and selling protected wildlife according to KHES is forbidden (haram). These legal differences are due to differences in the assessment between the community and the state of the object of buying and selling, namely protected wildlife. The state provisions on wildlife as stipulated in the Law Number 5 1990 concerning Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems make the conditions for buying and selling in KHES unfulfilled because it is against state law. Keywords: Sale and Purchase, Perma Number 02 of 2008, Protected Wildlife
BAGI HASIL PERTANIAN DI DESA SUNGAI DERAS PERSPEKTIF TOKOH AGAMA TELUK PAKEDAI Neisya Arrahmi; Abu Bakar; Nur Rahmiani
Al-Aqad Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): Al-Aqad: Journal of Shariah Economic Law
Publisher : LP2M and Shariah Faculty of The Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-aqad.v2i2.901

Abstract

This research is motivated by the practice that occurs in Sungai Deras Village, there is anxiety related to the diversity of forms of borrowing and borrowing agricultural land which is indicated by differences in the distribution system and the amount. The purposes of this study are to determine: 1) the practice of sharing agricultural products that occurred in Sungai Deras Village; and 2) Teluk Pakedai religious leaders' views on sharing agricultural products in Sungai Deras Village. This study uses a qualitative method with the type of empirical research. Sources of data used primary data in the form of interviews with farmers, land owners and religious leaders while secondary data was in the form of books, journals, theses, and related articles that discussed agricultural production sharing practices and as reinforcement for data collection. Data collection techniques are interviews, observation and documentation. This data was analyzed by the descriptive analysis method, while the technical analysis of the data used by the researcher was data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Then, the data is checked for validity using time triangulation and member-check. The results of this study indicate that: 1) The practice of sharing agricultural land in Sungai Deras Village, Teluk Pakedai District, is by giving the land to farmers or cultivators with an agreement on sharing the results used in the community in muamalah called mukhabarah, muzara'ah and ijarah. 2) Religious leaders argue that they allow it because the agreement that occurs in the sharing of agricultural products is mutually beneficial for both the land owner and the cultivator. There is no coercion because both parties need each other.
AKAD PERJANJIAN SISTEM BAGI HASIL ANTARA NELAYAN DAN PEMILIK KAPAL DI DESA TANJUNG SALEH KUBU RAYA Dzikron Dzikron; Abu Bakar; Nanda Himmatul Ulya
Al-Aqad Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): Al-Aqad: Journal of Shariah Economic Law
Publisher : LP2M and Shariah Faculty of The Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-aqad.v2i2.923

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to assess the cooperation between fishermen and boat owners in Tanjung Saleh Village by analyzing the rights and obligations in the contract agreement between the two parties. The sources of data in this study are ship owners and fishermen. So, this research was conducted using a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Techniques and data collection tools were observation, interviews, and documentation that presented data for profit sharing between ship owners and fishermen. Data management and data analysis techniques use an interactive model with the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing that are presented in a comprehensive, comprehensive manner. The results of this study indicate that the cooperation between fishermen and boat owners can be said to be mutually beneficial and there is an initial agreement on the profit sharing, which is 50:50. The first 50% is for paying fishermen's wages of 20%, employees or staff get 15%, and the next 15% is for purchasing boat oil to prepare fishermen for the next day. While the next 50% is for the ship owner and if there is damage such as repairing the ship, damaged fishing nets, leaking ships, and purchasing paint, the ship owner will also bear the damage to the ship. The contract made by the owner of the ship and the fisherman was not written but was witnessed by three witnesses.
HUKUM MENYEWAKAN RAHIM MENURUT MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA (MUI) KALIMANTAN BARAT: - Yeyen Raja Syah Harahap; Abu Bakar; Nur Hakimah
Al-Aqad Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Al-Aqad: Journal of Shariah Economic Law
Publisher : LP2M and Shariah Faculty of The Pontianak State Institute of Islamic Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/al-aqad.v3i2.945

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of uterine leasing, the opinion of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) of West Kalimantan, and the concept of the legal basis underlying the views of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) of West Kalimantan on uterine leasing. The type of research conducted to obtain the data desired by researchers using empirical field research. The research technique uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The sources used by researchers use primary data and secondary data. The techniques used to collect data are interview techniques, and documentation. Based on the research conducted by researchers, it can be concluded that; 1) The practice of renting a uterus is an activity that brings harm to the child from renting a uterus and the surrogate mother, 2) MUI West Kalimantan argues that the practice of renting a uterus is tantamount to degrading the dignity of women because it is considered the same as selling women's honor, and MUI West Kalimantan argues that renting a uterus includes adultery. 3) The basic concept and legal basis used to strengthen the opinion of MUI West Kalimantan on the issue of the practice of renting a uterus is based on Islamic law sources, namely the Qur'an, Hadith, and the consensus of the scholars.
Co-Authors Ade Juniar Adi Rahman Doni Dafa Rizqi Maulana Dzikron Dzikron Firdaus Achmad Husnun Nahdhiyyah Marhaban Marhaban Moh Fadhil Muhammad Husni Muhammad Iqbal Maulana Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Rezeki Febriyadi Nabila Putri Wuryani Nanda Himmatul Ulya Neisya Arrahmi Nur Hakimah Nur Rahmiani Qiara Idmi Azity Rahma Rahma Maulidya Rahmat Rahmat Rusdi Sulaiman Shakina Shakina Sofia Fadhlia Delanti Sri Hamidah Suhardiman Suhardiman Sukardi Sukardi Sumardi Sumardi Syahbudi Syahbudi Syarifah Nur Halimah Yeyen Raja Syah Harahap