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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Penelitian Karet Journal of Tropical Crop Science Warta Perkaretan
Risal Ardika
Sembawa Research Centre
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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PENGARUH ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH SOMRE DAN PERIODE PENYIRAMAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BATANG BAWAH TANAMAN KARET KLON PB 260 DI POLIBEG Ardika, Risal; CAHYO, Andi Nur
Jurnal Penelitian Karet JPK : Volume 42, Nomor 2, Tahun 2024
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Karet - PT. Riset Perkebunan Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/ppk.jpk.v42i2.960

Abstract

Tujuan dari percobaan ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek zat pengatur tumbuh dan periode irigasi terhadap pertumbuhan akar bibit batang bawah klon PB 260 di polibeg. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Kaca Sembawa, Pusat Penelitian Karet, Sumatera Selatan selama delapan bulan. Percobaan ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh yang terdiri dari empat tingkat yaitu 0; 1; 0,1; 0,01 ppm. Faktor kedua adalah periode penyiraman yang terdiri dari tiga tingkat yaitu setiap hari; dua kali seminggu; dan sekali seminggu. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan konsentrat regulator pertumbuhan 0,1 ppm dan periode irigasi harian cenderung meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman.
TINJAUAN FREKUENSI PEMBERIAN STIMULAN ETEFON DALAM PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI LATEKS (HEVEA BRASILIENSIS) Ardika, Risal; Herlinawati, Eva
Warta Perkaretan Vol. 43 No. 2 (2024): Volume 43, Nomor 2, Tahun 2024
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Karet - PT. Riset Perkebunan Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/ppk.wp.v43i2.959

Abstract

Penggunaan etefon (2-cloroethylphosponic acid) untuk meningkatkan produksi lateks tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis) telah digunakan secara luas. Peningkatan produksi dengan pemberian etefon diperoleh melalui mekanisme aliran lateks yang lebih lama. Penerapan frekuensi aplikasi stimulan etefon harus mempertimbangkan tipologi klon yang diidentifikasi dari parameter fisiologi seperti kadar sukrosa, kadar fosfat anorganik, dan tiol. Pada umumnya klon metabolisme tinggi tidak atau kurang respon terhadap stimulan sedangkan klon metabolisme rendah relatif responsif terhadap stimulan. Klon metabolisme sedang mempunyai respon yang tidak cepat terhadap stimulan. Oleh karena itu tipologi klon merupakan dasar penerapan frekuensi stimulan untuk peningkatan produksi lateks.
Soil Water Content Below 33.7% Progressively Reduces the Latex Yield of Rubber PB 60, A Study in Sembawa, South Sumatra, Indonesia Ardika, Risal; Cahyo, Andi Nur
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 7 No. 03 (2020): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.7.03.97-103

Abstract

Rubber is one of the economically important tropical trees that produces natural rubber, an essential industrial raw material in Indonesia. In general, rubber can grow well in areas with 1,500 - 3,000 mm rainfall per year that evenly distributed round the year. During the dry season, water availability is reduced so that water becomes a limiting factor for the growth and production of the rubber tree. This paper aimed to determine minimum soil water content that must be maintained to prevent the reduction of PB 260 rubber production based on field water balance. This research was carried out at the Indonesian Rubber Research Institute Experimental Field, South Sumatra, Indonesia, between 2014 to 2019. This experiment used PB 260 clone which was planted in 2001 using a 6 x 3 m plant spacing. Soil analysis showed that the Sembawa had a clay loam soil texture. The measured parameters were latex production (kg per ha per year), rainfall, and evapotranspiration (mm). The results from our six years of study showed that rubber production always decreased when soil water content started to decline below field capacity (33.7 %, or equal to 337 mm with 1m depth of root zone).
Effect of ethephon stimulation and fertilizer applications on nutrient dynamics of rubber clones in South Sumatra, Indonesia Ardika, Risal; Sanchez , Pearl
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 53 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24831/jai.v53i1.59931

Abstract

Soil is a critical factor in determining fertilizer efficiency. Rubber tree requires a stable environment to achieve optimal growth and production. The research aimed to evaluate how fertilization and ethephon stimulation affected the nutrient dynamics of rubber in various clones. The Indonesian Rubber Research Institute experimental field in South Sumatra served as the site for the research. Three replications of the experiment were set up using a split-plot design with three factors. The rubber clones were the primary plot, with ethephon stimulation and fertilization rate as subplots. The rubber clones used in this research, namely GT 1, BPM 24, PB 260, and IRR 112, were planted in 2011 (8 years) with a 6 x 3 m planting spacing on the existing rubber plantation. Several rates of fertilization were used in the experiment: 50% recommended rate (50 RR), 100% recommended rate (100 RR), 150% recommended rate (150 RR), and control (no fertilizer). During the observation period, ethephon stimulation was administered at a rate of S/2 d3 ET2.5% 6/y (half spiral cut, tapped downward every 3 days with ethephon stimulation of 2.5% active ingredient and application of 1 g per tree on groove, six times per year at monthly intervals) every two months. Observation parameters were soil nutrient analysis (soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), C-Organic, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and exchangeable bases (K, Ca, Mg), and leaf nutrient analysis (N, P, K). Results showed that soil properties were improved by fertilization after a year of treatment. Organic-C, CEC, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and exchangeable cation increased across rubber clones. Tissue analysis in leaves and nutrient content also showed significant differences between fertilization and stimulation treatments in all clones. Further research is required on which chemical fertilizers with biological fertilizers can induce low nutrient availability in poor soil conditions. Keywords: rubber clones; ethephon stimulation; fertilizer rate; nutrient dynamics; soil properties
RESPON METABOLIK LATEKS TANAMAN KARET TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KANDUNGAN AIR TANAH ARDIKA, Risal; Nur CAHYO, Andi
Jurnal Penelitian Karet JPK: Volume 43, Nomor 2, Tahun 2025
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Karet - PT. Riset Perkebunan Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/ppk.jpk.v43i2.964

Abstract

Parameter fisiologis lateks dipengaruhi oleh fluktuasi status air tanaman sedangkan status air tanaman dipengaruhi oleh kadar air tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kadar air tanah terhadap beberapa parameter fisiologis lateks agar dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan untuk aplikasi stimulan lateks. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada September 2018 hingga Agustus 2019 di Kebun Percobaan dan Produksi, Pusat Penelitian Karet, Sumatera Selatan, dengan menggunakan klon PB 260 dan IRR 112. Sampel terdiri dari 30 pohon per klon. Tanah di daerah penelitian diklasifikasikan sebagai ultisol yang miskin nutrisi dan memiliki drainase sedang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar air tanah memiliki korelasi positif dengan sukrosa dan fosfat organik. Sebaliknya kadar air tanah memiliki korelasi negatif dengan thiol. Perbedaan karakter fisiologis antar klon menunjukkan bahwa respons terhadap dinamika air tanah dipengaruhi oleh efisiensi metabolisme masing-masing klon.
Effects of Ethephon and Fertilization on Latex Physiology and Rubber Yield in GT1, BPM 24, PB260 and IRR112 Clones Ardika, Risal; Sanchez, Pearl B.
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 13 No. 01 (2026): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.13.01.45-60

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ethephon stimulation and fertilization on latex production and physiological latex in different clones. This study was conducted in the experimental field of the Indonesian Rubber Research Institute in South Sumatra. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main block is the rubber clones, and the subblocks are fertilization rate and ethephon stimulation. The rubber clones for this research were GT 1, BPM 24, PB 260, and IRR 112. The different fertilization rates used in the experiment were control (no fertilizer), 50% recommended rate (50 RR), 100% recommended rate (100 RR), and 150% recommended rate (150 RR). Ethephon stimulation was applied every two months during the observation period with a rate of S/2 d3 ET2.5% 6/y. The observed parameters included: latex yield, physiological latex (sucrose, inorganic phosphorus, and thiol), and tapping panel dryness. Results showed that rubber yields, such as latex production and dry rubber content, increased by 10%–16% with fertilization and ethephon stimulation. Latex characteristics, including thiol, inorganic phosphate, and sucrose, remained within their optimal ranges, with thiol levels increasing from 0.11 to 0.29 mM, inorganic phosphate from 7.29 to 1.58 mM, and sucrose from 0.42 to 7.12 mM upon fertilization.
Co-Authors Andi Nur Cahyo ANDI WIJAYA Aprizal Alamsyah, Aprizal Charlos Togi Stevanus, Charlos Togi Eva Herlinawati, Eva Iman Satra Nugraha, Iman Satra Jamin Saputra Nur CAHYO, Andi Nurmansyah Nurmansyah, Nurmansyah Sahuri Sahuri, Sahuri Sanchez , Pearl Sanchez, Pearl B. Thomas Wijaya