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All Journal Jurnal Gizi BERKALA FISIKA Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Teika Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya (JBP) Jurnal Matematika & Sains Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Jurnal Fisika Unand Industria: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Agroindustri Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Jurnal Biologi Tropis JPSCR : Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences.
Horasdia Saragih
Universitas Advent Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Bioaktif Buah Kapulaga (Amomum compactum) Tarigan, Andesmeta; Saragih, Horasdia
Jurnal Gizi Vol 12, No 1 (2023): Jurnal Gizi UNIMUS
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26714/jg.12.1.2023.46-51

Abstract

Traditionally, cardamom seed has been widely used by the community as herbal medicine. Cardamom seed has been phenomenologically proven to cure several types of diseases. This property is determined by the type of compounds contained in cardamon seed. The purpose of this research isidentification of the types of bioactive compounds contained in cardamom seed. These bioactive compounds are extracted using solvents: ethanol, methanol and water. Then, these bioactive compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) technique. The results obtained indicated that there were 13 types of compounds produced from ethanol extract, 6 types of compounds from methanol extract, and 2 types of compounds from aqueous extracts. From all these compounds, 1,8-cineole and alpha-terpineol compounds are the two most dominantsequentially. Referring to these results and the literature search that has been done, cardamom seed is potential to be developed in the future as herbal medicine to treat diseases, such as: diarrhea, cardiovascular disease, digestive disease, Alzheimer's, tumors, inflammation, cancer, pneumonia, neurodegenerative and respiratory diseases.Keywords : Compound identification, extract, cardamom seed, cineole, terpineol.
Nanoemulsion of Cardamom Fruit Extract (Amomum compactum) and its Characterization Ina, Febi Rambu; Saragih, Horasdia
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8902

Abstract

The development of medicinal materials from bioactive compounds of plants continues to be carried out. Various problems that occur in it continue to be overcome. Bioactive compounds of plants are known to be hydrophobic, including bioactive compounds from cardamom fruit, so that these compounds are difficult to deliver into the organs of the body. To overcome this problem, nanoemulsion techniques have been carried out. The purpose of this study was to produce nanoemulsions of bioactive compounds of cardamom fruit and to study their characteristics. Nanoemulsions of bioactive compounds of cardamom fruit have been synthesized using a microtube equipment system by utilizing the characteristics of the flow pattern of its liquid segment which is circulative forming a vortex in a very small size. The nanoemulsions obtained have a diameter ranging from 15.2 nm to 19.7 nm. The diameter increases when the mass of the bioactive compound concentrate of cardamom fruit is increased. The polydispersity index ranges from 0.341 to 0.637; the average electrophoretic mobility ranges from -0.000010 cm2/V.s to -0.000062 cm2/V.s and the zeta potential from -1.3 mV to -8.1 mV. From the results obtained, it shows that the obtained nanoemulsions have a relatively very small average diameter, their size distribution is relatively heterogeneous and the surface charge surrounding the nanoemulsions is negative. However, the zeta potential is still relatively small so that it has the potential to be less stable. Therefore, an effort to increase the magnitude of the zeta potential in the future needs to be done.
Pengaruh Penyimpanan dan Pemanasan Terhadap Perubahan Ukuran Nanopartikel Parfum Campuran Minyak Royal Musk dan Minyak Atsiri Lili yang Disintesis Menggunakan Surfaktan Polimer PEG-40 HCO Winarti, Ratu Sesillia; Saragih, Horasdia
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 14 No 5 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.14.5.516-525.2025

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to produce perfume nanoparticles made from a mixture of royal musk oil and lily essential oil that can be dispersed in an aqueous medium and to investigate their size stability after storage and heating. The perfume nanoparticles were synthesized using an atomization technique with PEG-40 HCO as a surfactant, and their stability was evaluated through storage for up to 120 days and heating at temperature up to 45 °C. The results showed that storage for 120 days significantly increased the average particle diameter and its standard deviation. Heating also caused a significant increase in nanoparticle size. These findings indicate that the size of the perfume nanoparticles was not stable, as the zeta potential and the presence of PEG-40 HCO surfactant could not provide sufficient electrostatic and steric protection. Consequently, coalescence and Ostwald ripening occurred in the nanoparticles.
Ekstraksi dan Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Bioaktif Daun Saga Rambat (Abrus precatorius) Rumanti, Agustina Tri; Saragih, Horasdia
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 8, No 2 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v8i2.6417

Abstract

Daun saga rambat telah banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati beragam jenis penyakit. Bioaktivitas ini berkaitan dengan kandungan senyawa metabolit. Selama ini, aktivitas farmakologis daun saga rambat di masyarakat masih berdasarkan bukti empiris. Selain itu, informasi terkait kandungan senyawa bioaktif di daun saga rambut masih terbatas. Pada penelitian ini senyawa metabolit yang terkandung di dalam daun saga rambat diekstrak dan diidentifikasi. Senyawa metabolit diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan tiga jenis pelarut, yaitu etanol, metanol dan air. Senyawa pada ketiga ekstrak diidentifikasi dengan gas chromatography – mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat 23 senyawa di ekstrak etanol, 9 senyawa di ekstrak metanol, dan 9 senyawa di ekstrak air. Diantara seluruh senyawa pada ketiga ekstrak tersebut, senyawa yang memiliki konsentrasi tinggi adalah (1) octadecenyl aldehyde; (2) n-octadecanoic acid; (3) methyl 6,7-methylene octadecanoate (from trans); dan (4) pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester. Dari hasil penelusuran pustaka, keempat senyawa tersebut memiliki aktivitas antioksidan, antibakteri, antivirus dan antiinflamasi. Oleh karena itu, daun saga rambat memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai obat herbal dalam pengatasan penyakit-penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri, radikal bebas, virus, dan inflamasi. 
Sintesis Nanopartikel ZnO Menggunakan Prekursor ZnCl2 dan Polimer Penstabil Tween 80 untuk Aplikasi Tabir Surya Rozi, Anisa Nurraeni; Saragih, Horasdia
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 14 No 6 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.14.6.585-594.2025

Abstract

ZnO nanoparticles are semiconductor materials with a wide energy band gap (3.37 eV), making them excellent for use as sunscreen ingredients due to their superior ultraviolet protection properties. ZnO nanoparticles are superior to other conventional sunscreen materials because they do not cause skin irritation or allergies. The purpose of this study was to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles as a sunscreen material using Tween 80 stabilizing polymer and to comprehensively examine the effect of Tween 80 concentration on the characteristics of the resulting ZnO nanoparticle sunscreen. ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using ZnCl2 and Tween 80 precursors with a Rotor Stator Homogenizer equipment system. Four different concentrations of Tween 80 were used to observe their effect on the characteristics of the resulting ZnO nanoparticles. The results showed that the average diameter of ZnO nanoparticles, their polydispersity index, and their zeta potential decreased as the concentration of Tween 80 used increased. Their optical transmittance was very high in the visible light spectrum and very low in the ultraviolet spectrum, especially for ZnO nanoparticles with the smallest average diameter (11.6 nm). This means that the visible light transmission and ultraviolet light absorption are excellent. In addition, the absorption edge is also very sharp. These three properties indicate that the ZnO nanoparticles produced are very suitable and have great potential for use as a sunscreen material.
Nanoemulsi Campuran Minyak Flower Musk dan Minyak Atsiri Lili Menggunakan Surfaktan PEG 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil dan Uji Stabilitas Ukurannya Angelita, Flora; Saragih, Horasdia
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 14 No 6 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.14.6.595-605.2025

Abstract

The use of alcohol-based perfumes often causes skin irritation, prompting the development of water-based perfumes. However, the challenge is that essential oils, the main ingredient in perfumes, are hydrophobic. Nanoemulsion technology offers a solution to this problem. Perfume ingredients are formulated in nanometer sizes, then encapsulated with a surfactant so that they can be dispersed homogeneously in water. This study aims to develop a nanoemulsion mixture of flower musk oil and lily essential oil as a water-based perfume and test its stability. Stability is measured by average diameter, standard deviation, and zeta potential. The nanoemulsion is made using PEG-40 HCO surfactant with the atomization technique. Stability was tested by measuring the average diameter and standard deviation on day 0 and after 120 days of storage. In addition, heating tests were conducted at temperatures of 35°C, 40°C, and 45°C. The results showed that after 120 days of storage, there was an increase in the average diameter and a widening of the size distribution. This was due to the Ostwald ripening phenomenon, whereby smaller nanoemulsion molecules diffused and merged with larger ones. The zeta potential of the nanoemulsion was low (-6.6 to -8.1 mV), which was insufficient to prevent instability. However, when the nanoemulsion was heated, its average diameter decreased. Thermal restructuring occurs in the molecules that make up the nanoemulsion and the PEG-40 HCO molecules that encapsulate the nanoemulsion.
Stabilitas Ukuran Nanoemulsi Parfum Campuran Minyak Atsiri Black Musk dan Lili yang Dienkapsulasi dengan Polimer Tween 80 Ginting, Endru Saperlin Lawren; Saragih, Horasdia
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 15 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.15.1.24-33.2026

Abstract

In this study, a perfume mixture of black musk and lily essential oils was nanoemulsified using a tween 80 polymer encapsulator and dispersed in water to produce a water-based perfume. Water was used as a base to replace alcohol, which often causes side effects on the skin. Its size stability was tested, both as a result of storage time and as a result of heating. The purpose of this study was to produce a water-based perfume from a nanoemulsion mixture of black musk and lily essential oils, and to test its size stability. Nanoemulsion was carried out using an atomization technique. The results showed that the average diameter and standard deviation of the nanoemulsion changed after being stored for 120 days and when heated to a temperature of 45oC. The size change during storage was mainly caused by the very small zeta potential, which did not produce sufficient electrostatic repulsion between the nanoemulsions to prevent Ostwald ripening and coalition. The size change due to heating, in addition to the above, was also caused by the increasing kinetic energy of the tween 80 polymer molecules on the surface of the nanoemulsion, which caused a reorganization (solidification) of its structure. Thus, the stability of the size of the nanoemulsion perfume mixture of black musk and lily essential oils produced in this study was greatly influenced by storage time and heating temperature.
Stabilisasi Sterik Polimer Non-Ionik Tween 80 pada Nanopartikel Senyawa Bioaktif Buah Kapulaga Saragih, Horasdia
Jurnal Fisika Unand Vol 15 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jfu.15.2.164-173.2026

Abstract

The bioactive compounds in cardamom fruit are highly beneficial to health, as they possess anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antibiotic properties. Therefore, they have great potential to be developed as oral medicines in the future. However, they are highly hydrophobic and consequently insoluble in water. This poses an obstacle to their development. To overcome this problem, bioactive compounds from cardamom fruit have been synthesized into nanometer-sized particles (13.13-19.75 nm) and encapsulated with the nonionic polymer surfactant Tween 80. The results show that Tween 80 surfactant not only acts as an encapsulant for nanoparticles so that they can be dispersed in an aqueous medium, but also acts as a steric stabilizer so that the nanoparticles can remain stable for a long time. Four concentrations of bioactive compounds from cardamom fruit were used, namely: 6, 8, 10, and 12 mg to observe their effect on size stability. All nanoparticles produced from the four concentrations had excellent size stability.
Konsentrasi dan Energi Urbach Nanopartikel ZnO yang Disintesis Menggunakan Enkapsulan Tween 80 Horasdia Saragih; William Yustian; Ananda E.J. Lingga; Anggraini O. Simanjuntak; Brianna D. Marcia; Dea R. Manalu; Gefriella B. Oumaro; Jeanet G.R. Leo; Karin Kusminarti; Ladyos D. Silalahi; Michelle A. La'lang; Rima S. Nurbayanti; Ruly Y.R.R. Leo; Santika Situmorang; Widya A. Siahaan
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i2.1527

Abstract

Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause skin damage, necessitating the development of effective and transparent sunscreen materials. ZnO nanoparticles are a promising candidate; however, they often suffer from agglomeration, which degrades their optical performance. This study aims to investigate the effect of varying concentrations of Tween 80 as an encapsulating agent on the optical and structural characteristics of ZnO nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were synthesized using a rotor–stator homogenization method with Tween 80 concentrations ranging from 2 to 5 mL (each dissolved in 50 mL of ethanol), followed by characterization using UV–Vis spectroscopy. The results indicate that increasing the concentration of Tween 80 enhances the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles without significantly altering the average particle size (~2.44 nm), resulting in a monodisperse system. Urbach energy analysis reveals that crystal order improves up to an optimum at 4 mL of Tween 80, followed by a slight decrease at higher concentrations. Optically, all samples exhibit strong absorption in the UV region and high transmittance in the visible range (95–100%). These findings demonstrate that the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles have strong potential as a sunscreen. It is concluded that Tween 80 plays a crucial role in controlling the growth, crystal structure, and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles, with the optimum concentration yielding the best performance.
Stabilitas Ukuran dan Sifat Optik Nanopartikel ZnO yang Dilapisi Polimer Tween 80 Mirthelia Endah Oywari; Donn Richard Ricky; Horasdia Saragih
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i2.1542

Abstract

Background: ZnO nanoparticles are widely used as UV filters in sunscreens due to their broad-spectrum protection and aesthetic transparency. However, agglomeration caused by high surface energy often compromises their efficacy. Coating with non-ionic polymers such as Tween 80 represents a potential stabilization strategy. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of varying Tween 80 concentrations on the size stability and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles. Methods: Tween 80-coated ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized via a solvolysis method assisted by a rotor-stator homogenizer at Tween 80 volume variations of 1, 2, 3, and 4 mL in 50 mL of ethanol. Characterization was performed using a Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) and a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at day 0 and day 60. Results: Increasing Tween 80 concentration significantly reduced the mean diameter of nanoparticles from 17.9 nm to 11.4 nm and narrowed the size distribution (standard deviation decreased from 13.2 nm to 2.8 nm). The zeta potential remained near zero (-0.1 to -0.2 mV) due to the non-ionic nature of Tween 80, yet colloidal stability was maintained through a steric hindrance mechanism. After 60 days of storage, the 4 mL Tween 80 concentration was the most effective in limiting size growth (only 2.6%), compared to 83.7% for the 1 mL concentration. All samples exhibited high transmittance (>87%) in the visible light spectrum while maintaining strong UV absorption. Conclusion: An optimal Tween 80 concentration (4 mL in 50 mL ethanol) is crucial for producing ZnO nanoparticles with long-term size stability and superior optical properties, making them promising for next-generation sunscreen cosmetic formulations.
Co-Authors Agus Subagio Agus Subagio Akhiruddin Maddu Albert Manggading Hutapea Albinur Limbong, Albinur Ananda E.J. Lingga Angelita, Flora Anggraini O. Simanjuntak Brianna D. Marcia Dea R. Manalu Donn Richard Ricky Edy Supriyanto Edy Supriyanto Euis Sustini Gefriella B. Oumaro Ginting, Endru Saperlin Lawren Hasniah Aliah Hery Sutanto Ina, Febi Rambu Jeanet G.R. Leo Karin Kusminarti Ladyos D. Silalahi Maman Budiman Maman Budiman Marissa Rijoice Mersi Kurniati Michelle A. La'lang Mirthelia Endah Oywari Moehamad Barmawi Moehammad Barmawi Mohamad Barmawi Mohamad Barmawi Mohamad Barmawi Mohamad Barmawi Mohamad Barmawi Mohammad Barmawi Mujamilah Mujamilah Mujamilah Mujamilah Mujamilah Mujamilah Pearlyta Chrisophras Situmorang Pepen Arifin Ridwan Ridwan Ridwan Ridwan Rima S. Nurbayanti Rozi, Anisa Nurraeni RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Ruly Y.R.R. Leo Rumanti, Agustina Tri Santika Situmorang Sukirno Sukirno Sukirno Sukirno Sukirno Sukirno Tarigan, Andesmeta Widya A. Siahaan William Yustian Winarti, Ratu Sesillia