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All Journal Medula Jurnal Medika Malahayati Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai Journal of Health Science and Medical Therapy JPM (Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat) Ruwa Jurai
Shinta Nareswari, Shinta
Bagian Parasitologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Lampung
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Enterobactericeae Sebagai Bakteri Patogen Infeksi Nosokomial di Rumah Sakit Putri, Abrila Tamara; Soleha, Tri Umiana; Nareswari, Shinta; Ramadhian, M. Ricky
Medula Vol 14 No 1 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i1.942

Abstract

Enterobactericeae are gram-negative rod bacteria which are often pathogenic bacteria that cause nosocomial infections. Enterobactericeae bacteria have several characteristics including small size and rod shape, natural habitat in the digestive tract of humans or animals and some others originate from bodies or inanimate objects, are motile and non-motile, cannot form spores, and are aerobic to facultative anaerobic. Nosocomial infections are infections that are acquired during the health care process at the hospital, but are not present when the patient is admitted to the hospital. The source of transmission of nosocomial infections can result from direct or indirect contamination in the health care process in hospitals. Common nosocomial infections include Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infection (CLABSI), Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI), Surgical Site Infection (SSI), and nosocomial pneumonia consisting of Hospital Acquired Pneumoniae (HAP), Ventilator Associated Pneumoniae (VAP), and Health Care Associated Pneumoniae (HCAP). The Enterobactericeae bacteria that often cause nosocomial infections in hospitals include Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, Enterobacter sp, Pseudomonas sp, and so on. Nosocomial infections have a negative impact on the health recovery process of inpatients in hospital, so they need to be handled well and preventive efforts are made to avoid this undesirable event through health service efforts that comply with standard operational procedures and pay attention to aseptic principles.
Hubungan Usia, Paritas, Dan Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Dengan Kejadian Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) Di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Gabrile Madumey, Diora; Nareswari, Shinta
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1495

Abstract

Low Birth Weight (LBW) is defined as a birth weight of less than 2,500 grams. Infants born with low birth weight represent a significant and ongoing health issue, both locally and globally. The occurrence of LBW is multifactorial, and among the various risk factors, most are related to maternal conditions. Based on existing research, several maternal factors that may influence the incidence of LBW include maternal age, parity, and hemoglobin levels. This study employed an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample consisted of postpartum mothers who delivered LBW infants and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Regional General Hospital (RSAM) from January 2020 to November 2021, totaling 135 subjects. The independent variables in this study were maternal age, parity, and hemoglobin levels, while the dependent variable was the incidence of LBW, classified into small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA). The sampling technique used was total sampling. The results showed that maternal age was significantly associated with the incidence of LBW, with a p-value of 0.037 (<0.05), and maternal hemoglobin level was also significantly associated with LBW, with a p-value of 0.024 (<0.05). However, parity was not associated with the incidence of LBW, as indicated by a p-value of 0.111 (>0.05). In conclusion, maternal age and hemoglobin levels are associated with the incidence of LBW, whereas parity is not.
Hubungan Luas Lesi Foto Toraks Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Dengan Waktu Konversi Sputum Basil Tahan Asam Ramadhian, Muhammad Ricky; Nadhifa, Farin; Nareswari, Shinta; Mustofa, Syazili
Jurnal Medika Malahayati Vol 9, No 2 (2025): Volume 9 Nomor 2
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jmm.v9i2.18797

Abstract

Tuberkulosis paru (TB paru) merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan karena adanya infeksi pada parenkim paru oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb). Salah satu modalitas dalam mendiagnosis TB adalah pemeriksaan spesimen dahak menggunakan pemeriksaan basil tahan asam (BTA) serta pemeriksaan radiologi dengan foto toraks. Dalam pemeriksaan foto toraks, lesi TB paru dapat dibagi menjadi lesi minimal, lanjut sedang, dan sangat lanjut. TB dikenal sebagai penyakit dengan durasi pengobatan yang lama, terbagi menjadi fase intensif dan lanjutan. Dalam mengevaluasi pengobatan, dilakukan pemeriksaan sputum BTA di akhir setiap fase untuk menilai status konversi sputum. Luas lesi diduga berperan dalam durasi konversi sputum BTA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan apakah terdapat hubungan antara luas lesi foto toraks pasien TB paru dengan waktu konversi sputum BTA. Desain penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional menggunakan data rekam medis dan laman Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis (SITB). Sebanyak 55 orang yang diteliti diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah bahwa 52,7% pasien TB paru memiliki luas lesi sangat lanjut dan 61,8% pasien TB paru mengalami konversi selama fase intensif. Analisis bivariat memberikan hasil P-value < 0,001. Kesimpulan penelitiaan ini adalah luas lesi foto toraks pasien TB paru berhubungan dengan waktu konversi sputum BTA di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek pada tahun 2020-2023.
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA : FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENYAKIT PARU OBSTRUKTIF KRONIK PADA PEKERJA Ratu, Sarih; Mayasari, Diana; Nareswari, Shinta; Oktarlina, Rasmi Zakiah
Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): JUNI 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jkt.v6i2.45503

Abstract

Menurut International Labour Organization (ILO) di tahun 2023, sebesar 2,6 juta kematian pekerja disebabkan penyakit akibat kerja dan penyakit pernapasan termasuk dalam tiga penyebab utama kematian tersebut. Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK) termasuk 3 penyakit yang paling banyak menyebabkan kematian. Prevalensi PPOK lebih tinggi pada pekerja yang terpapar bahan polutan dibandingkan pekerja yang tidak terpapar. Penyakit paru obstruktif kronik merupakan beban kesehatan dan ekonomi yang cukup besar di seluruh dunia. Artikel ini ditulis untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian PPOK pada pekerja. Faktor seperti derajat merokok dan penggunaan alat pelindung diri memiliki hasil yang berbeda, derajat merokok ditemukan berhubungan dengan kejadian PPOK pada pengemudi ojek online tetapi tidak pada pekerja di pelabuhan dan sebaliknya terkait penggunaan alat pelindung diri. Penelitian terkait lama kerja dan status gizi menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan dengan gangguan fungsi paru ataupun kejadian PPOK pada pekerja. Namun, pada penelitian lain mengenai waktu pelaksanaan (shift) kerja ditemukan berhubungan dengan kejadian PPOK pekerja. Hasil yang bertentangan terkait derajat rokok dan penggunaan alat pelindung diri maupun tidak adanya hubungan lama kerja dan status gizi menunjukkan masih diperlukan lebih banyak penelitian mengenai faktor pekerjaan lainnya serta pengukuran pajanan pada tingkat personal untuk mendapatkan hubungan yang lebih akurat terkait faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian PPOK pekerja.
Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Elderly Patients Artanti, Mariesela; Soleha, Tri Umiana; Nareswari, Shinta
Journal of Health Science and Medical Therapy Том 3 № 02 (2025): Journal of Health Science and Medical Therapy
Publisher : PT. Riset Press International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59653/jhsmt.v3i02.1607

Abstract

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a lung infection acquired outside of healthcare facilities and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Older adults have a higher risk of CAP due to immune system decline, comorbidities, and impaired respiratory defence mechanisms. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the primary pathogen responsible for CAP in the elderly, followed by Haemophilus influenzae and other atypical bacteria. The diagnosis of CAP in older adults is often challenging due to atypical symptoms such as general weakness and confusion, necessitating chest radiography for confirmation. Treatment depends on disease severity and may involve oral or intravenous antibiotics, oxygen therapy, and close monitoring for complications such as respiratory failure and sepsis. Prevention through pneumococcal and influenza vaccination, personal hygiene maintenance, and management of comorbidities is crucial in reducing CAP incidence and mortality in the elderly.
Kekuatan Genggaman Tangan pada Dewasa Muda Tiasti, Jania; Setiorini, Anggi; Nareswari, Shinta; Sangging, Putu Ristyaning Ayu
Medula Vol 15 No 3 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i3.1665

Abstract

Handgrip strength (HGS) is an important indicator that reflects both musculoskeletal health and overall well-being. Hand grip strength is widely applied in research and clinical practice because its measurement is simple, reliable, and able to represent overall muscle strength. The assessment of HGS is conducted using a handgrip dynamometer, which operates based on specific principles. However, the limited literature on normative data for young adult populations hinders the interpretation of handgrip performance in this age group. One normative study reported that in healthy young adults, the average HGS reached 36.32 kg in men and 22.96 kg in women. These values may vary depending on ethnicity, level of physical activity, and lifestyle habits. Factors influencing HGS include body composition, anthropometric characteristics, sex, age, nutritional status, and physical fitness. Physiologically, men tend to have higher HGS than women due to differences in muscle mass, hormonal levels, and muscle fiber distribution. The decline of HGS with increasing age is closely related to sarcopenia, a condition characterized by reduced muscle strength, mass, and function associated with aging. Therefore, maintaining handgrip strength from an early age is crucial to support daily activities, preserve independence in older age, and serve as an indicator of future health risks.
Hubungan antara Imunisasi Rotavirus dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita Syahfira, Reisyah; Nareswari, Shinta; Berawi, Khairunnisa
Medula Vol 15 No 2 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i2.969

Abstract

Diarrhea is a condition of defecating more than 3 times a day accompanied by a change in the consistency of the stool to liquid with or without mucus and blood that lasts less than one week. Diarrhea results in a loss of fluids and electrolytes, especially sodium and potassium, in large amounts. Fluid loss that continues and is not balanced with adequate replacement will result in dehydration. The risk of dehydration in toddlers is greater due to the inability to meet their fluid needs while their body fluid composition is large. Dehydration that is allowed to continue will result in several complications and even death. Therefore, diarrhea is one of the diseases that is the main cause of morbidity and death in children under five. One prevention of diarrhea is rotavirus immunization. Rotavirus immunization is an effort to actively create/increase a person's immunity against a disease so that if one day they are exposed to the disease they will not get sick or will only experience mild illness. This research was conducted to determine the relationship between rotavirus immunization and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. This research uses a literature review method with data sources from the National Center for Biotechnology Information, Google Scholar, and Science. The research year range of articles is 2018 to 2021 and articles conducted in English and Indonesian literature. The results of this literature review from the 6 articles analyzed stated that there was a relationship between rotavirus immunization and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers.
Meningitis TB Pada Anak 16 tahun: Laporan Kasus Alghani, Sulthan Rafi; Nareswari, Shinta
Medula Vol 14 No 12 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i12.1279

Abstract

Tuberculous meningitis is a form of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that affects the meninges of the brain. The case discussed involves a 16-year-old male adolescent who initially presented with symptoms of headache, fever, neck pain, and neck stiffness, which persisted for several weeks. The delay in diagnosis occurred due to the similarity of the initial symptoms to bacterial meningitis, often leading to postponed TB treatment. The diagnosis was established through anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting tests, including a molecular rapid test (TCM) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and a head CT scan, which confirmed the presence of miliary TB in the lungs and meningitis accompanied by hydrocephalus. The patient also experienced a weight loss of four kilograms over the past two weeks, indicating systemic signs of chronic infection. Although the patient received Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment (ATT) such as rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, his condition deteriorated, and he ultimately passed away on the ninth day of hospitalization. Neurological examination revealed a progressive decline in consciousness to a GCS score of 8 and the presence of pathological reflexes, such as a positive Babinski sign, confirming central nervous system involvement. The mortality rate of TB meningitis remains high due to delayed ATT caused by the lack of early diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of early detection to improve patient prognosis. Preventive efforts through active screening of high-risk groups and education about the early symptoms of TB meningitis are crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality rates.
HUBUNGAN DIABETES MELITUS GESTASIONAL TERHADAP KEJADIAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH DI RSUD DR H ABDUL MOELOEK TAHUN 2023 Suhaili, Gadis Bunga; Rukmono, Prambudi; Nareswari, Shinta; Sari, Ratna Dewi Puspita
Medula Vol 14 No 11 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i11.1304

Abstract

A low birth weight (LBW) infant is defined as an infant born weighing less than 2500 grams regardless of gestational age. The main factors causing LBW are maternal factors, fetal factors, and placental factors. Risk factors for LBW associated with maternal factors include a history of complications during pregnancy, one of which is gestational diabetes mellitus. This study used a cross-sectional design with Pearson Chi-Square statistical test conducted at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek General Hospital, Lampung Province in October - November 2024. The study sample was infants born at Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Hospital in the period January - December 2023. The results of this study indicate that 16% of infants born were extremely low birth weight (ELBW), 20% of infants born were very low birth weight (VLBW), and 64% of infants born were low birth weight (LBW). The results of the chi-square analysis showed that there was a relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus (p = 0.042) and low birth weight (LBW).  
Hubungan Prosedur Invasif dan Lama Rawat Inap Terhadap Kejadian Sepsis Neonatorum Awitan Lambat di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Tahun 2023 Putri Arafah, Aisyah; Rukmono, Prambudi; Nareswari, Shinta; Saputra, Oktadoni
Medula Vol 14 No 8 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i8.1310

Abstract

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Indonesia is still dominated by neonatal deaths, accounting for 55% of all infant deaths. Neonatal sepsis is the third leading cause of neonatal deaths after low birth weight (LBW) and asphyxia. Late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) is a systemic response to infection when the neonate is more than 72 hours old, as evidenced by a positive blood culture. Currently, late-onset neonatal sepsis remains the third leading cause of neonatal deaths. Late-onset neonatal sepsis usually occurs through the transmission of pathogens from the environment (nosocomial). The difficulty of early diagnosis in late-onset neonatal sepsis necessitates a diagnosis based on nosocomial infection factors, such as the use of invasive procedures and prolonged hospital stays. This research employed a descriptive analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of all neonates diagnosed with neonatal sepsis and recorded in medical records with positive blood culture results in the Perinatology ward of RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung in 2023. Data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-square test with Fisher's exact test as an alternative. The data suggests a statistically significant correlation between invasive procedures (p= 0.043) and length of hospital stay (p= 0.012) with the development of late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS).
Co-Authors Afryan, I Made Alghani, Sulthan Rafi Ari Wahyuni Arianti, Tanti Artanti, Mariesela Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis Wardani Ety Apriliana Gabrile Madumey, Diora Giska Tri Putri Herliyana, Lina Hidayat Hidayat Irawati, Nur Ayu Virginia Jausal, Anisa Nuraisa Karima, Nisa Khairun Nisa Mayasari, Diana Muhammad Aditya, Muhammad Muhammad Ricky Ramadhian Nadhifa, Farin Oktadoni Saputra, Oktadoni Prambudi Rukmono Puspitasari, Ratna Dewi Putri Arafah, Aisyah Putri, Abrila Tamara Ramadhana Komala Rasmi Zakiah Oktarlina Ratna Dewi Puspita Sari Ratna, Maya Ganda Ratu, Sarih Reni Zuraida Sangging, Putu Ristyaning Ayu Setiorini, Anggi Sinaga, Fransisca Soemarwoto, Retno Ariza S Sofyan Musyabiq Wijaya Suhaili, Gadis Bunga Syahfira, Reisyah Syazili Mustofa Tiasti, Jania Tri Umiana Soleha Winda Trijayanthi Utama, Winda Trijayanthi