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All Journal Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Majalah Obat Tradisional Agrin : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian
Nursamsi Pusposendjojo, Nursamsi
Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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DAYA ANTIMIKROBA METABOLIT BIOAKTIF JAMUR SHIITAKE (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) YANG DIKULTUR PADA TIGA JENIS MEDIUM FERMENTASI Ekowati, Nuraeni; Kasiamdari, Rina Sri; Pusposendjojo, Nursamsi; Soegihardjo, C.J.
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 16, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (527.742 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/mot-TradMedJ16iss3pp%p

Abstract

Jamur shiitake (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) merupakan salah satu jamur yang berpotensi sebagai jamur pangan dan bahan obat (edible and medicinal mushroom). Kultivasi pada medium cair dengan proses fermentasi telah dikembangkan selama beberapa tahun terakhir ini. Empat isolat L. edodes (isolat asal Malang, Cianjur, Lembang dan Yogyakarta) dikultur pada tiga jenis medium fermentasi yaitu (KM: Kauffman Medium; GYMT: Glucose, Yeast extract,  Malt extract, Thiamin; YEMR: Yeast extract,  Malt extract,  Rice bran). Metabolit bioaktif yang diekstrak dari biomassa miselium dan filtrat kultur hasil fermentasi diuji menggunakan mikroba patogen Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Candida albicans ATCC 10231,dan  Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Data diameter zona  hambat dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam, dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan pada tingkat kesalahan 5 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa bioaktif dalam filtrat kultur maupun biomassa miselium L.edodes yang diekstrak menggunakan kloroform, etil asetat dan air, mampu menghambat S. aureus, E.coli dan C. albicans tetapi tidak mampu menghambat T.mentagrophytes. Isolat L.edodes asal Lembang dan Yogyakarta yang dikultur pada medium Kauffman memberikan hasil zona hambat terbaik (24,97-31,14 mm). Mikroba uji yang paling sensitif terhadap senyawa bioaktif dari L. edodes adalah C. albicans diikuti oleh E.coli, S. aureus dan T. mentagrophytes. Metabolit bioaktif dari L. edodes berpotensi menghambat mikroba patogen dari kelompok bakteri dan khamir tetapi tidak menghambat jamur.  
Pengaruh Lengas Nisbi dan Suhu terhadap Kerusakan Gaplek Akibat Aspergillus flavus Selama Penyimpanan Oramahi, H. A.; Sumardiyono, Christanti; Pusposendjojo, Nursamsi; Haryadi, Haryadi
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 15, No 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (317.519 KB) | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v15i2.2723

Abstract

A study on the spoilage of dried cassava by Aspergillus flavus was still limited so that such study is very important to do. This experiment was done to examine the effect of relative humidity (RH) and storage room temperature on the development of A. flavus and dried cassava spoilage during storage time. Based on the population of A. flavus, starch content, reduction sugar content, and water content of dried cassava, it was concluded that RH 65%, the temperature of 30 and 35oC had better storage condition for dried cassava because it resulted in the lowest population of A. flavus and the lowest deterioration of dried cassava.
Dominansi dan Seleksi Jamur Aspergillus Perusak Gaplek Oramahi, H. A.; Sumardiyono, Christanti; Pusposendjojo, Nursamsi; Haryadi, Haryadi
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 15, No 1 (2010): February 2010
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (205.524 KB) | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v15i1.2646

Abstract

Dried cassava is a suitable host for the growth and development of the genus Aspergillus. Fungi reported to grow on dried cassava were A. clavatus, A. flavus, A. foetidus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. ochraceus, A. oryzae, A. tamarii, A. zonatus, dan Aspergillus sp. From those species, A. flavus is the most important species because of its toxigenic characteristic on agricultural product. This study was conducted to study dominant species of Aspergillus causing the most severe deterioration on stored dried cassava and causing the highest deterioration in dried cassava. The isolates were then cultured for determination of dominant species. The in vitro experiment was to obtain the species of Aspergillus that is resulted in highest change of dried cassava spoilage. Based on relative index frequency (Rif) and presence index of the fungus (Pif), A. flavus was the most dominant species and causing the highest deterioration on the dried cassava.
VIRULENSI 9 ISOLAT FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. LYCOPERSICI DAN PERKEMBANGAN GEJALA LAYU FUSARIUM PADA DUA VARIETAS TOMAT DI RUMAH KACA Ambar, Abdul Azis; Priyatmojo, Achmadi; Hadisutrisno, Bambang; Pusposendjojo, Nursamsi
Agrin Vol 14, No 2 (2010): Agrin
Publisher : Jenderal Soedirman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.agrin.2010.14.2.104

Abstract

Penyakit layu fusarium disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol), merupakan penyakitpenting tomat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat virulensi Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici darilokasi berbeda pada varietas Roma dan Money Maker, dan perkembangan penyakit layu fusarium di rumahkaca. Penelitian ini menggunakan suspensi Fol hasil monospora (1 x 107 konidium/ml air steril) dan tomat yangberumur 4 minggu. Akar direndam dalam suspensi Fol selama 30 menit, kemudian di tanam dalam pot yangtelah berisi campuran tanah dan pupuk. Hasil uji virulensi Fol isolat (A1) dan (A2) memperlihatkan virulensitinggi pada 2 varietas tomat yaitu (78%; 75%) untuk Roma dan (92%; 85%) untuk Money Maker. Keduaperlakuan tersebut berbeda nyata dengan kontrol. Rata-rata virulensi isolat Fol pada varietas Roma lebih rendah(< 50%) dibanding varietas Money Maker (> 50%). Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa varietas Roma lebih tahandibanding varietas Money Maker. Hasil pengamatan untuk perkembangan gejala layu fusarium di rumah kacaberupa menguningnya kotiledon kemudian kotiledon layu, diikuti mengeringnya ujung daun pertama. Gejalaberlanjut, mengering sampai gugurnya kotiledon yang diiringi dengan awal menguningnya daun, semua ujungdaun kering dan daun menguning, dan akhirnya daun layu. Gejala lain tampak dari penelitian adalah pengerdilantanaman pada kedua varietas.Kata kunci: virulensi fol, perkembangan gejala layu, varietas tomat ABSTRACTFusarium wilt diseases caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol) as important diseases ontomato. The aim of research was to know the levef of Fol virulence from 9 different origin (Centra Java, SouthSulawesi, and DI. Yogyakarta) and development of fusarium wilt diseases in green house. Monosporic colonysuspension (1x 107 conidia/ml) are used in this research. The test of virulence by pouring the monosporicsuspension of Fol isolates for 30 minutes on both varieties Roma and Money Maker were 4 weeks old. The resultshowed that A1 and A2 isolates more severity (78% and75% on Roma variety) and (92% and 85% on MoneyMaker variety) than other isolates. Amount of virulence showed Roma variety (< 50%) lower than MoneyMaker variety (> 50%). This result indicated that Roma variety more resistant than Money Maker variety. Theobservation of fusarium wilt development showed that early symptom of yellow – wilt cotyledont followed withdry of leaf tip. By the time, development of symptom was cotyledon senesence to followed yellow of leaf and theend wilt. The other symptom was inhibition of plant growth on tomato.Key words: fol virulency, development of wilt symptom, tomato variety
Co-Authors Abdul Azis Ambar Achmadi Priyatmojo Bambang HADISUTRISNO C.J. SOEGIHARDJO Christanti Sumardiyono Haryadi - Hasan Ashari Oramahi Nuraeni Ekowati, Nuraeni Rina Sri Kasiamdari