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All Journal Jurnal Agro Teknologi Tropika Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Jurnal Agroteknos Agrin : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian
Bambang HADISUTRISNO
Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Sebaran Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri di Beberapa Sentra Produksi Bawang Merah di Indonesia Asrul, Asrul; Arwiyanto, Triwidodo; Hadisutrisno, Bambang; Widada, Jaka
Biota Biota Volume 18 Nomor 1 Tahun 2013
Publisher : PBI Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (590.704 KB)

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui daerah sebaran penyakit hawar daun bakteri di beberapa sentra pertanaman bawang merah di Indonesia dan kultivar bawang merah yang dapat diinfeksi, serta mengidentifikasi patogen penyebabnya. Penentuan lokasi pengamatan dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara stratified purpossive random sampling. Survei dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan pengamatan di lapangan (observasi) terhadap kultivar bawang dan gejala penyakit yang terinfeksi oleh bakteri patogen. Sampel diidentifikasi melalui pengamatan morfologi koloni, uji postulat Koch, uji reaksi hipersensitif dan pengujian sifat-sifat biokimia dan fisiologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit hawar daun bakteri telah tersebar secara merata di seluruh daerah pertanaman bawang merah di Indonesia, yang meliputi Kabupaten Cirebon, Tegal, Nganjuk, Bantul, dan Sigi, dengan tingkat serangan mencapai 62,5–100%. Penyakit ini menginfeksi bawang merah kultivar Bima curut, Bauji, Biru-sawah, dan Palasa. Gejala hawar daun bakteri yang dijumpai berupa water soaking, terjadi lekukan daun, pengerutan daun,  klorosis, nekrosis, mati pucuk, pertumbuhan kerdil, dan kematian. Isolat bakteri yang ditemukan mempunyai bentuk koloni bulat, cembung, berlendir, dan berwarna kuning. Ciri morfologi koloni, gejala dan karakteristik isolat bakteri mirip dengan sifat-sifat bakteri Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii penyebab penyakit hawar daun pada bawang bombay.Kata kunci: Sebaran, bawang merah hawar daun bakteri, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii
Pengaruh Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular Dalam Medium Zeolit Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Intensitas Penyakit Bercak Daun Pada Bibit Kakao Sariasih, Yenny; Hadisutrisno, Bambang; Widada, Jaka
Jurnal Agro Teknologi Tropika Vol 1, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Jurnal Agro Teknologi Tropika

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Abstract

In Indonesia, cocoa (Theobromae cacao L.) is one of the nations third-largest contributor of foreign exchange, but the problem that arises on cocoa plantations in Indonesia is the difficulty of obtaining a healthy cacao seedlings in large numbers for the rejuvenation of cocoa cropping. One of methods to obtained healthy cacao seedlings with good performance in large numbers is application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This researches aims to observe the role of AMF mass production in the zeolite medium on the growth and leaf spot intensity of cocoa seedlings. The researches were conducted at the field condition in Sleman, Yogyakarta and Mycological Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture and the Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. The main ingredient of the study is AMF mass production in the zeolite medium. The observed variables were the growth of cocoa seedlings, the number of spores from each location, the cocoa seedlings height, leaf numbers, wet weight, dry weight and root length of seedlings of cocoa, symptom and intensity of leaf spot disease, detection of salicylic acid (SA) manually and TLC methods, and environmental factors which include: temperature, humidity and light intensity. The results indicated that the only real difference in the height and number of leaves, whereas other variables were not significantly different. This is because AMF spores from all locations are derived from the similarity of the two genera, namely Glomus sp., and Gigaspora sp., and was almost the same amount. Leaf spot disease symptoms appeared only a few of the cocoa seedlings, but more due to unfavorable environmental factors and conditions are weak pathogens. Plant defense responses had not been established because the salicylic acid content in leaves of cocoa seedlings at 12 weeks has not been detected.
Sebaran Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri di Beberapa Sentra Produksi Bawang Merah di Indonesia Asrul, Asrul; Arwiyanto, Triwidodo; Hadisutrisno, Bambang; Widada, Jaka
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 18, No 1 (2013): February 2013
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (590.704 KB) | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v18i1.261

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui daerah sebaran penyakit hawar daun bakteri di beberapa sentra pertanaman bawang merah di Indonesia dan kultivar bawang merah yang dapat diinfeksi, serta mengidentifikasi patogen penyebabnya. Penentuan lokasi pengamatan dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara stratified purpossive random sampling. Survei dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan pengamatan di lapangan (observasi) terhadap kultivar bawang dan gejala penyakit yang terinfeksi oleh bakteri patogen. Sampel diidentifikasi melalui pengamatan morfologi koloni, uji postulat Koch, uji reaksi hipersensitif dan pengujian sifat-sifat biokimia dan fisiologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit hawar daun bakteri telah tersebar secara merata di seluruh daerah pertanaman bawang merah di Indonesia, yang meliputi Kabupaten Cirebon, Tegal, Nganjuk, Bantul, dan Sigi, dengan tingkat serangan mencapai 62,5–100%. Penyakit ini menginfeksi bawang merah kultivar Bima curut, Bauji, Biru-sawah, dan Palasa. Gejala hawar daun bakteri yang dijumpai berupa water soaking, terjadi lekukan daun, pengerutan daun,  klorosis, nekrosis, mati pucuk, pertumbuhan kerdil, dan kematian. Isolat bakteri yang ditemukan mempunyai bentuk koloni bulat, cembung, berlendir, dan berwarna kuning. Ciri morfologi koloni, gejala dan karakteristik isolat bakteri mirip dengan sifat-sifat bakteri Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii penyebab penyakit hawar daun pada bawang bombay.Kata kunci: Sebaran, bawang merah hawar daun bakteri, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii
POLA AGIHAN DAN INTENSITAS PENYAKIT BUSUK PANGKAL BATANG LADA DI PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA BANDE, LA ODE SANTIAJI; HADISUTRISNO, BAMBANG; SOMOWIYARJO, SUSAMTO
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 4, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Jurnal Agroteknos

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Abstract

The success of foot rot disease control is largely dependent on information data of pepper cultivation conditions, distribution pattern of the disease, and the magnitude of the intensity of the disease. This study aimed to determine the condition of pepper cultivation, distribution pattern of pepper foot rot disease, the development of disease symptoms, and intensity of pepper foot rot disease in Southeast Sulawesi. Data cultivation conditions, distribution of the disease, progression of symptoms, and the intensity of the disease were obtained by means of surveys in pepper plantations and interviews with pepper farmers. The results showed that the pepper plantations in Southeast Sulawesi were cultivated on flat to hilly topography, and the cultivation method was very conventional but herbicide use was very intensive. The development of wilt symptoms on pepper plants was very quick in dry weather but slow in the wet. Pepper foot rot disease has patch distribution. The highest intensity of the pepper foot rot disease was in less weedy plantations with intensive use of herbicides. The intensity of the pepper foot rot disease in Southeast Sulawesi was 61,2% with the spread in each district namely South Konawe at 53,8%, Konawe at 63,7% and Kolaka by 61,2%.
DETEKSI DAN PENGHITUNGAN KERAPATAN INOKULUM Phytophthora capsici DALAM TANAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN UMPAN DAUN LADA BANDE, LA ODE SANTIAJI; HADISUTRISNO, BAMBANG; SOMOWIYARJO, SUSAMTO; SUNARMINTO, BAMBANG HENDRO
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 4, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Jurnal Agroteknos

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Abstract

Phytophthora capsiciis a causal agent for footrot disease in pepper and classified as a soil-borne pathogen. The inoculums of P. capsici in the soilis difficultto detect. The dynamics of P. capsici population in the soil is frequently and rapidly fluctuates and hard to detect, causing the pathogen to produce disease rapidly. The aimsof this research were todetect the pathogen P.capsici using black pepper leaf baiting and to quantify the inoculum of the pathogen P.capsici in the soil belonging to several disease intensities of the black pepper foot rot in the field. The first experiment: detecting the pathogen P. capsici using black pepper leaf baiting in the soil artificially infested using several sporangia, anda second experiment: quantification of propagul of the P.capsici in various categories of intensity on the black pepper foot rot disease in the field. The research results showed that the black pepper leaf baiting could be used to detect the existence of the propagul of P.capsiciin the soil artificially infested in various densities of sporangia.  The increase in disease intensity occurred in parallel with the greater density of P. capsici inocula in soil. The density of P. capsici inocula in the soil tended to decline when the disease intensity reached the highest level.
STUDI PENGARUH SUHU DAN INTENSITAS RADIASI MATAHARI TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT PATIK PADA TEMBAKAU Tantawi, Ahmad Rafiqi; Hadisutrisno, Bambang; Semangun, Haryono; Hartana, I; Lisnawita, Lisnawita
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 3, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Jurnal Agroteknos

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Abstract

The Study on Contribution of Temperature and Solar Radiation Intensity to Frogeye Disease Development on Tobacco. Tobacco is an important plant in Indonesia, due to its contribution to Indonesian economic and employment opportunity. One of the limiting factors in tobacco production is frogeye leaf spot, a fungal disease caused by  Cercospora nicotianae Ell. et Ev. Epidemic of this disease was supposed to have a close relationship with weather aspects, such as wind velocity, temperature, solar radiation intensity and relative humidity.. The experiment carried out at Mycology Laboratory, Study Program of Plant Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, UGM and two tobacco plantations in Jember a nd Klaten to study contribution of temperature and solar radiation intensity to frogeye disease development on tobacco. The results showed that frogeye disease development was support by weather elements. i.e. temperature, but solar radiation intensity is not important factor to disease development. Key words: tobacco, temperature, solar radiation intensity, frogeye disease development
VIRULENSI 9 ISOLAT FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. LYCOPERSICI DAN PERKEMBANGAN GEJALA LAYU FUSARIUM PADA DUA VARIETAS TOMAT DI RUMAH KACA Ambar, Abdul Azis; Priyatmojo, Achmadi; Hadisutrisno, Bambang; Pusposendjojo, Nursamsi
Agrin Vol 14, No 2 (2010): Agrin
Publisher : Jenderal Soedirman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.agrin.2010.14.2.104

Abstract

Penyakit layu fusarium disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol), merupakan penyakitpenting tomat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat virulensi Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici darilokasi berbeda pada varietas Roma dan Money Maker, dan perkembangan penyakit layu fusarium di rumahkaca. Penelitian ini menggunakan suspensi Fol hasil monospora (1 x 107 konidium/ml air steril) dan tomat yangberumur 4 minggu. Akar direndam dalam suspensi Fol selama 30 menit, kemudian di tanam dalam pot yangtelah berisi campuran tanah dan pupuk. Hasil uji virulensi Fol isolat (A1) dan (A2) memperlihatkan virulensitinggi pada 2 varietas tomat yaitu (78%; 75%) untuk Roma dan (92%; 85%) untuk Money Maker. Keduaperlakuan tersebut berbeda nyata dengan kontrol. Rata-rata virulensi isolat Fol pada varietas Roma lebih rendah(< 50%) dibanding varietas Money Maker (> 50%). Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa varietas Roma lebih tahandibanding varietas Money Maker. Hasil pengamatan untuk perkembangan gejala layu fusarium di rumah kacaberupa menguningnya kotiledon kemudian kotiledon layu, diikuti mengeringnya ujung daun pertama. Gejalaberlanjut, mengering sampai gugurnya kotiledon yang diiringi dengan awal menguningnya daun, semua ujungdaun kering dan daun menguning, dan akhirnya daun layu. Gejala lain tampak dari penelitian adalah pengerdilantanaman pada kedua varietas.Kata kunci: virulensi fol, perkembangan gejala layu, varietas tomat ABSTRACTFusarium wilt diseases caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol) as important diseases ontomato. The aim of research was to know the levef of Fol virulence from 9 different origin (Centra Java, SouthSulawesi, and DI. Yogyakarta) and development of fusarium wilt diseases in green house. Monosporic colonysuspension (1x 107 conidia/ml) are used in this research. The test of virulence by pouring the monosporicsuspension of Fol isolates for 30 minutes on both varieties Roma and Money Maker were 4 weeks old. The resultshowed that A1 and A2 isolates more severity (78% and75% on Roma variety) and (92% and 85% on MoneyMaker variety) than other isolates. Amount of virulence showed Roma variety (< 50%) lower than MoneyMaker variety (> 50%). This result indicated that Roma variety more resistant than Money Maker variety. Theobservation of fusarium wilt development showed that early symptom of yellow – wilt cotyledont followed withdry of leaf tip. By the time, development of symptom was cotyledon senesence to followed yellow of leaf and theend wilt. The other symptom was inhibition of plant growth on tomato.Key words: fol virulency, development of wilt symptom, tomato variety
Co-Authors Abdul Azis Ambar Achmadi Priyatmojo AHMAD RAFIQI TANTAWI Asrul Asrul Bambang Hendro Sunarminto Hartana, I Haryono Semangun JAKA WIDADA La Ode Santiaji Bande Lisnawita Lisnawita Nursamsi Pusposendjojo, Nursamsi Susamto Somowiyarjo Triwidodo Arwiyanto Yenny Sariasih