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Ruslan Kalla, Ruslan
Chemical Engineering Department, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Sukolilo Surabaya 60111
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mechanical Engineering Public Health

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Utilization of Industrial Flour Waste as Biobriquette Adhesive: Application on Pyrolysis Biobriquette Sawdust Red Teak Wood Wahyuni, Harini; Aladin, Andi; Kalla, Ruslan; Nouman, Muhammad; Ardimas, Ardimas; Chowdhury, MD. Shahariar
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1021.317 KB) | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v1i2.74

Abstract

Biobriquette is one of the alternative fuels derived from biomass. The biomass used in this research is red teakwood charcoal. This research purposes to utilize red teakwood charcoal as alternative fuels and then to knows best characters compressive strength, ignition power and caloric value according to Indonesian quality standards (SNI 01-6235-2000). Characteristics of biobriquettes are known by test ash content, moisture content, volatile matter, fix carbon, compressive strength, ignition power and caloric value. The materials used are red teakwood plus industrial flour waste. The process of making biobriquette begins with drying the material, pyrolysis during 150 minutes at a temperature of 400 oC, sieved with 40 mesh. The briquetting was using a cube-shaped mold with manual pressure which was then dried in an oven to a constant weight and tested its characteristics by the ASTM (American standard Testing and material) method. The results showed that the added adhesive was very take effect in producing the best briquettes. The characteristics of briquettes with the best optimum adhesive composition produce is adhesive 5% charcoal 95% produce ash content 5.49% , moisture content 4.26 %, volatile matter 26.89 %, fix carbon 63.12%, compressive strength 3.64 kgf/cm2, caloric value 7038 kcal/kg, and ignition power 0.03 gram/minute categorized as passing the specifications for the quality requirements briquettes of SNI 01-6235-2000.
Perengkahan Katalitik Distilat Asam Lemak Minyak Sawit (DALMs) Menggunakan Katalis HCl Berpenyangga γ-Al2O3 Rasyid, Rismawati; Dewanti, Alda Titania; Malik, Rahmaniah; Anshariah, Anshariah; Kalla, Ruslan
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33536/jcpe.v7i2.792

Abstract

Distilat asam lemak minyak sawit merupakan hasil samping dari pengolahan minyak sawit yang masih mengandung asam lemak bebas sehingga berpotensi sebagai bahan baku energi alternatif. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa ketergantungan akan bahan bakar fosil semakin hari semakin meningkat, sedangkan bahan bakar fosil tidak dapat diperbaharui. Hal inilah yang mendorong para peneliti mengembangkan riset terkait bahan baku terbarukan dan metode terbaik untuk menghasilkan bahan bakar alternatif. Salah satu metode pembuatan biofuel adalah perengkahan katalitik yang menghasilkan beberapa produk biofuel, yaitu biogasoline (C5–C11), biokerosin (C12–C15) dan biodiesel (C16–C20). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi katalis HCl/γ-Al2O3 (1, 3, 5 dan 7)% dan HCl/Ni/γ-Al2O3 (1, 3, 5 dan 7)% terhadap produk biofuel hasil perengkahan katalitik distilat asam lemak minyak sawit (DALMs). Reaksi perengkahan katalitik dioperasikan pada suhu konstan 370oC, tekanan 1 atm dan volume reaktan 50 ml. Rendemen tertinggi diperoleh sebesar 80% dengan menggunakan katalis HCl/γ-Al2O3 (1%) ; selektivitas terhadap biogasoline (C5–C11) 5,27%, biokerosin (C12–C15) 30,4%, dan biodiesel (C16–C20) 28,79%. Perolehan nilai rendemen yang sama juga diperoleh dengan menggunakan katalis HCl/Ni/γ-Al2O3 (1%) yaitu sebesar 80%; selektivitas terhadap biogasoline (C5–C11) 4,51%, biokerosin (C12–C15) 28%, dan biodiesel (C16–C20) 37,3%.
Produksi Biogas secara Anaerob dari Popok Bayi Bekas dan Limbah Organik Asrianti, Asrianti; Kalla, Ruslan; Nurjannah, N; Arman, Muh
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33536/jcpe.v6i2.809

Abstract

Biogas adalah salah satu sumber bioenergi alternatif yang dihasilkan dari fermentasi anaerob dari limbah organik. Limbah rumah tangga termasuk limbah yang belum banyak dimanfaatkan dan berpotensi menjadi biogas. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan metode fermentasi anaerob dengan menggunakan substrat limbah organik dari kulit pisang dan sisa sayur kubis, popok bayi bekas dan kotoran sapi sebagai starter dibuat dalam tiga komposisi. Perbandingan limbah organik, popok bayi bekas dan kotoran sapi pada Digester 1 yaitu, 4: 0: 6, pada Digester 2 yaitu 3: 1: 6 dan Digester 3 yaitu 2: 2: 6 dengan rasio C/N campuran substrat berturut-turut 17.17, 15.51 dan 13.85. Pengamatan fermentasi selama waktu retensi 21 hari, suhu didalam Digester relative sama setiap hari yaitu 25-29 oC pada pagi hari dan 31-34,5oC pada sore hari sehingga suhu digester sangat dipengaruhi suhu lingkungan. Hasil penelitian Digester 1 menghasilkan gas dengan tekanan optimal 1,0223 atm pada hari ke-10 dan gas tidak menyala. Adanya substrat popok bayi bekas pada Digester 2 dan Digester 3 menjadi inhibitor pencernaan anaerobic sehingga tidak menghasilkan gas. Analisis dengan Gas Cromatografi pada slurry biogas menunjukkan komposisi volatile fatty acid (VFA) sebagai substrat pembentukan gas metan pada Digester 1 mengandung asam asetat dan asam propionate, Digester 2 mengandung asam asetat dan asam butirat dan asam organik lain dan Digester 3 hanya mengandung asam organik lain.
Produksi Akrolein Dengan Proses Degradasi Menggunakan Gelombang Suara Lantara, Dirgahayu; Kalla, Ruslan; snawi, Izran A
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33536/jcpe.v4i2.850

Abstract

Degradasi gliserol menjadi produk akrolein, menjadi salah satu topik penelitian yang menarik untuk dibahas mengingat kebutuhan dan permintaan akrolein yang cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Gliserol adalah bahan kimia penting yang murah dan mudah didapatkan di Indonesia, sementara akrolein merupakan salah satu senyawa kimia yang dapat dihasilkan dari proses pengolahan gliserol. Indonesia saat ini masih tergantung dari Impor akrolein, pada tahun 2008 akrolein yang masuk ke Indonesia sekitar 6.500 ton (BPS). Kebutuhan akrolein pada tahun 2020 disinyalir akan mencapai 10.800 ton. Nilai tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa akrolein masih dibutuhkan dalam jumlah yang besar. Berbagai macam proses yang selama ini digunakan untuk mendegradasi gliserol menjadi menjadi senyawa kimia yang lain masih dikategorikan sebagai proses yang membutuhkan waktu yang lama serta suhu dan tekanan yang tinggi, sehingga diperlukan metode alternatif guna mengantisipasi kekurangan dari berbagai macam proses tersebut (hidrogenolisis, hidrotermal dan lain-lain). Metode yang dimaksud adalah penggunaan gelombang suara atau yang lebih dikenal dengan nama metode sonifikasi. Proses sonifikasi dilakukan dengan viriabel suhu 30 – 60 oC, dengan waktu sonikasi 20 – 40 menit, dimana katalis yang digunakan adalah asam sulfat konsentrasi rendah (1%) dengan rasio massa gliserol : air adalah 1 bagian gliserol berbanding 8 bagian air. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini adalah konversi tertinggi sebesar 48,98 % yang dihasilkan pada waktu reaksi 40 menit dengan suhu reaksi 60 oC. Pada kondisi tersebut juga dihasilkan yield akrolein tertinggi sebesar 11,45 %.
Pemurnian Minyak Jelantah Dengan Proses Adsorbsi Alamsyah, Muhammad; Kalla, Ruslan; Ifa, La
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 2 No. 2 (2017): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33536/jcpe.v2i2.890

Abstract

Pemakaian minyak jelantah yang berkelanjutan dapat merusak kesehatan manusia. Upaya untuk mengolah minyak jelantah dalam rangka penghematan namun tidak membahayakan kesehatan sangat diperlukan. Salah satunya adalah dengan melakukan regenerasi menggunakan bahan alam yang ramah lingkungan sebagai adsorben. Yang bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh zeolit dan biji kelor sebagai adsorben dalam pemurnian minyak jelantah terhadap kualitas minyak jelantah serta Mengetahui kualitas minyak jelantah yang dihasilkan dari zeolit dan biji kelor dengan metode adsorben. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat kolom kromatografi yang telah di desain untuk proses adsorpsi dan menggunakan bahan baku zeolit dan biji kelor dengan variable tetap 150 ml minyak jelantah dan variable berubah zeolit 5 gr, 10 gr, 15 gr, 20 gr serta biji kelor 5 gr, 10gr, 15 gr, 20 gr. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penentuan kandungan asam lemak bebas minyak goreng bekas setelah pemurnian sebesar 0,284% dan peroksida 6,4259 kandungan air 0,065%,. Ini menunjukkan bahwa minyak yang telah dimurnikan dengan adsorben zeolit serta adsoben biji kelor hasil yang diperoleh dalam penentuan kandungan peroksida 8,8368 dan bilangan asam 0,584 serta kandungan air 0,094%, mempunyai kemumian cukup baik
Efektivitas tepung tapioka sebagai koagulan alami untuk menurunkan kadar kekeruhan pada pengolahan air bersih Zainuddin, Marzelina; Kalla, Ruslan; Artiningsih, Andi
Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi (JUTIN) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jutin.v8i1.41573

Abstract

One of the important processes in the clean water treatment process is coagulation. Parameters that influence the coagulation process are pH and coagulant concentration. Tapioca flour can be used as a natural coagulant to reduce turbidity. In this research, river water was used as a source of raw water used in the clean water processing process which has a turbidity of 13.36 NTU. The jar test was carried out to determine the effect of coagulant concentration and pH on reducing turbidity. The coagulation process was carried out using variations in coagulant concentration (1,2,3,4,5 and 6 ppm) and 4 variations in pH (3,5,7 and 9). The results showed that the amount of turbidity reduction varied at each pH used. The coagulation process which takes place in very acidic conditions (pH = 3) results in a greater reduction in water turbidity, namely 3.20 NTU. Almost the same level of turbidity reduction was also seen in the coagulation process which took place at pH 5 and 7, namely 5.22 NTU and 4.30 NTU. Meanwhile, coagulation under alkaline conditions (pH = 9) will result in a smaller decrease in turbidity, namely 11.43 NTU. Based on the final turbidity measurement results, it can be seen that the amount of turbidity reduction is also greatly influenced by the coagulant concentration. Changes in turbidity reduction with variations in coagulant concentration vary at each pH used. At pH 3,5,7 and 9 the decrease in turbidity will be greater at a concentration of 6 ppm. The reduction in turbidity proves the effectiveness of the effect of increasing coagulant concentration and pH using tapioca flour as a natural coagulant in the clean water treatment process.
Pengaruh variasi waktu dan suhu pirolisis terhadap kualitas bio-oil dari limbah biomassa plant filter aid (Lignoselulosa D07) Usman, Nur Wahidah; Suryanto, Suryanto; Kalla, Ruslan
Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi (JUTIN) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jutin.v8i1.42125

Abstract

In line with the increase in world population and technological developments, the need for energy continues to increase while energy source reserves are decreasing. More than 80% of the supply of energy sources comes from fossil fuels including coal, petroleum, and natural gas. The solution to the need for energy from fossil raw materials is the use of alternative energy sources, one of which is biomass. Biomass Waste of Plant Filter Aid (Lignocellulose D07) is one of the biomass by-products in one of the grass processing industries that comes from plant lignocellulose. The quality of biomass can be improved by using the pyrolysis method. Pyrolysis is a thermal degradation method without oxygen. Pyrolysis produces two main products, namely char (charcoal) and liquid smoke (Bio-oil). Bio-oil obtained from the pyrolysis process can be used as fuel and preservative. The quality of bio-oil from the pyrolysis process is influenced by several factors including the influence of time and temperature. Based on these influences, this study will aim to determine the effect of time and temperature on the quality of bio-oil. The pyrolysis time used in this study was 1 hour, 2 hours and 2.5 hours, while the temperature used in this study was 300oC, 350oC and 400oC. Based on the research results obtained, the best time and temperature from this research data were 2.5 hours and 400oC with the largest yield of 57%. Pyrolysis time and temperature not only affect the yield but also affect the pH, density and content of bio-oil. From the research data, the effect of pyrolysis time and temperature on the pH value is that the higher the time and temperature, the lower the pH value produced, the more acidic the bio-oil. Meanwhile, the bio-oil content obtained from the results of GC-MS analysis is dominated by acid compounds (acetic acid). The acetic acid content combined with hydrogen can produce ethanol.
Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Terjadinya Kecelakaan Kerja Pada Perawat Di Rumah Sakit Dr. Tajuddin Chalid Makassar Arifuddin, Nur Fitriyani; Hardi, Ikram; Kalla, Ruslan
Journal of Muslim Community Health Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): APRIL-JUNI (JMCH)
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52103/jmch.v4i2.1201

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Rumah sakit merupakan tempat kerja sekaligus tempat orang sehat (pekerja dan pengunjung) dan orang sakit (pasien), rumah sakit merupakan salah satu tempat kerja dengan resiko kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sikap kerja dan lingkungan kerja terhadap terjadinya kecelakaan kerja pada perawat. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode observasi analitik melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat, regresi logistik bivariat. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 81 perawat. Penelitian ini diolah dengan menggunakan program komputerisasi SPSS. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 45,7% perawat pernah mengalami kecelakaan kerja yang terdiri dari 21,0% tertusuk jarum, 8,6% terpeleset dan 8,6% paparan radiasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 33 responden dengan sikap kerja negatif (40,7%) dan lingkungan kerja kurang nyaman sebanyak 38 orang (48,7%). Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi logistik diperoleh bahwa sikap kerja memperoleh nilai koefisien regresi sebesar 2,283 dengan sig. 0,001 (sig < 0,05) artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kecelakaan kerja perawat dan lingkungan kerja, nilai koefisiennya sebesar 0,406 dengan (sig < 0,05) artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kecelakaan kerja pada perawat. Kesimpulan: Ada pengaruh antara sikap kerja dengan kecelakaan kerja pada perawat di RSUD Dr. Tajuddin Chalid Makassar. Ada pengaruh antara lingkungan kerja terhadap kecelakaan kerja pada perawat di RSUD Dr. Tajuddin Chalid Makassar.
Work Fatigue Analysis on Gas Station Operators Basri, Zaenal; Kalla, Ruslan; Alwi, Muhammad Khidri
Journal of Aafiyah Health Research (JAHR) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): JULY-DECEMBER
Publisher : Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (178.738 KB) | DOI: 10.52103/jahr.v2i2.739

Abstract

Background: Work fatigue is a complex criterion that not only concerns physiological and psychological fatigue but is dominantly related to decreased physical performance, feelings of fatigue, decreased motivation and decreased work productivity. The existence of this research is to see the relationship between work shift, stress, workload, working period, age, gender and work fatigue. Aim: This study aims to analyze the factors related to the Work Fatigue of Gas Station Operators in Makassar City in 2021. Methods: The type of research used is analytic with the Corss Sectional Study approach, which aims to see the relationship between two variables, namely the independent variable and the dependent variable. The population in this study were 62 operators from three gas stations in Makassar, where the first gas station was located at Sudiang Jl.Printis Kemerdekaan KM 16 Front of the Police, 7180277 totaled 20 operators, SPBU II 7490203 Jl.Sultan Hasanuddin Km 4.2 totaled 25 operators and gas station III 7490295 Jl. Talasalapang KM 3.7 Total 17 operators. Results: The results of this study showed that there was a significant relationship between work fatigue at gas station operators (p value = 0.004) workload, (p value 0.001) work stress, (p value 0.003) age, (p 0.005) years of service, (p value 0.003) Gender (p value 0.660) Shift work. The author suggests Pertamina to pay attention to the condition of the operator while working. Conclusion: Years of service, length of work, history of disease, smoking habits, weight of burden, and repetitive activities have a significant relationship with complaints of musculoskeletal disorders in workers at CV. Guna Agung Makassar.
Work Fatigue in Transport Workers at Bulog Warehouse, Sub-Divre of Masssar City Pamungkas, Raden Mas Bayu; Russeng, Syamsiar; Kalla, Ruslan
Journal of Aafiyah Health Research (JAHR) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): JULY-DECEMBER
Publisher : Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52103/jahr.v3i2.1224

Abstract

Background: Fatigue is one of the problems that are often experienced by workers, so that this condition affects their health and in turn will reduce work efficiency and productivity. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that affect work fatigue on transport workers in the Bulog Warehouse, Makassar City Sub Division. Method: The research design used was analytic observational with a cross sectional study approach. The total population is 58 resource persons. The sampling technique used the probability sampling method by means of exhaustive sampling, namely taking all members of the population as a sample, namely the entire workforce of 58 people. Data analysis carried out was univariate and bivariate as well as multivariate with chi square test with a significant level (α) = 0.05. Results: The study showed that the variables related to work fatigue on transport workers at the Bulog Warehouse, Makassar City Division, namely the age of the informant (p = 0.000) < 0.05, working period (p = 0.000) < 0.05 and workload (p = 0.000 ) < 0.05, while the individual variables that did not have a significant relationship with work fatigue were gender and nutritional status, for the overall work environment variables there was no relationship to work fatigue of transport workers, namely noise, lighting and room temperature. The variables that have the greatest correlation with work fatigue of the transport workers in the Bulog Divre Warehouse in Makassar City are age (p=0.017) and years of service (p=0.004). Conclusion:There is a relationship between age, period of work and workload with work fatigue on transport workers at the Bulog Warehouse, Sub-Divre Makassar. Also, the age variable or the age of the workforce is the variable that is most closely related to work fatigue on the Transport Workers in the Bulog Warehouse, Makassar Sub-Divisional Division.
Co-Authors A. Suryanto Alwi, Muhammad Khidri Andi Aladin Andi Artiningsih Anshariah, Anshariah Ardimas, Ardimas Arifuddin, Nur Fitriyani Asrianti, Asrianti Basri, Zaenal Chowdhury, MD. Shahariar Dewanti, Alda Titania Dirgahayu Lantara Ikram Hardi, Ikram Isran Asnawi La Ifa Muhammad Alamsyah Nouman, Muhammad Nurjannah Nurjannah Nurjannah, N Pamungkas, Raden Mas Bayu Rahmaniah Malik Rahmat, Awaliah Rismawati Rasyid Rony, Zahara Tussoleha snawi, Izran A Suryanto Suryanto Syamsiar S Russeng Tanti, Nidya Usman, Nur Wahidah Wahyuni, Harini Yani, Syamsuddin Zainal Abidin Zainuddin, Marzelina