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All Journal JURNAL ILMU SOSIAL Journal of International Relations Studies
Andi Akhmad Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Program Studi Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Diponegoro
Education Social Sciences

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23. ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN OFFENSIVE CYBER OPERATIONS MENGHADAPI ANCAMAN NUKLIR IRAN Melysa, Ary; Putranti, Ika Riswanti; Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Iran's nuclear program was first initiated by joining the U.S. Atoms For Peace program. Ithowever, changed when Iranian Revolution was occuring in 1979. Since then, the U.S haswithdrawn its support to Iran's nuclear program. Although the program has beensuspended, Iran continues its development after war with Iraq. The U.S. concerned thatIran's new nuclear program was built to produce nuclear weapons. After failing to preventIran from developing its nuclear program through diplomatic approaches, the U.S. wasseeking a new alternative by using Offensive Cyber Operation or also known as OlympicGames. Together with Israel, the U.S. created the first ever cyber weapon called Stuxnet.The target of this operation is Uranium Enrichment Facility in Natanz, Iran. Specifically,Stuxnet has damaged around 1000 centrifuges whose primarily function is to enrich theuranium. This research aims to find out the reason of the U.S. in using Offensive CyberOperations instead of Conventional Military Operations with regard to Iran's nuclear threat.To do so, this research uses Offensive Realism theory with qualitative method. Theoutcome of this research is: the U.S. as a rational actor has chosen Offensive CyberOperations because the operation has brought the U.S. a number of strategic gains thatcannot be necessarily achieved by Conventional Military Operations. These strategic gainsare 1) Anonimity 2) Practicality in terms of distance, cost and risk 3) Execution easinessand 4) Political and bureaucracy leeway.
Peran TRAFFIC dalam Melakukan Perlawanan terhadap Kasus Penyelundupan Cula Badak Afrika dari Afrika Selatan ke Vietnam Adhicahya, Adam Maulana; Wahyudi, Fendy Eko; Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 2, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

This research’s goal is to understand how TRAFFIC’s role as an NGO in the fight againtrhino horns smuggling from South Africa in Vietnam. TRAFFIC was present in Vietnamto assist the Vietnam Government in overcoming the rhino horns smuggling, whichVietnam become the highest contributor to the end of the journey of rhino horn smugglingfrom South Africa. As an NGO, what TRAFFIC do is to advise the government and makean approach to the community itself that in the end the expected output is the people andthe Vietnam Government able to solve the problem. In analyzing the role of TRAFFIC, theresearch use the concept of the role of NGO. The result of this study explains TRAFFIC’srole in Vietnam based on definition of role of an NGO by David Lewis.
Analisis Kerjasama Indonesia-Belanda dalam Kasus Hilangnya Kapal De Ruyter, Java, dan Kortenaer di Perairan Indonesia Wandasari, Dwi Arum; Putranti, Ika Riswanti; Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 2, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The existence of De Ruyter, Java, and Kortenaer site ships was discovered in Indonesian waters in 2002 for the first time. To commemorate the 75th anniversary of the sinking boats, Indonesia had dived once again into the waters in 2016. Because of the aforementioned dived, Netherlands received a report that all the three ships have gone. Therefore, Indonesia and Netherlands relations has been heat up. However, this problem can be solved through Indonesia and the Netherlands cooperation in join verification of the three Netherlands ships. This research used the concept of national interest and theory of compliance in order to explain why Indonesia and Netherlands cooperate in solving the missing ships. The result shows that Netherlands has an interest in the cooperation undertaken with the Indonesia.. It includes how Indonesia asked the Netherland to protect Kortenaer ships that are still under the water and to rearrange the managerial heritage of underwater culture that has bad image in international stage. Both collaborations are conducted as a form of state compliance with UNCLOS 1982 which has the principle of water civic cultural citizenship that must be done together.
ASSESSING THE RESPONSIBILITY TO REBUILD COMPONENT IN POST-GADDAFI LIBYA Krisetya, Beltazar A; Utomo, Tri Cahyo; Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 1, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The 2011 military intervention in Libya is the first interventionbacked by the United Nations (UN) referencing the Responsibilityto Protect (R2P) with UN Security Council (UNSC) Resolution1970 and 1973 as legal basis. R2P consists of three components:responsibility to prevent, responsibility to react, and responsibilityto rebuild. The intervention was regarded as a success by NATO,the mandate holder. However, the mandate only covers thecomponent of preventing and reacting of R2P, leaving therebuilding (post-intervention strategy) unchecked. This researchattempts to identify the extent of Responsibility to Rebuildimplementation by international community after 2011 intervention.Case study and descriptive approach used found out that therebuilding process, particularly in security, justice, and economyaspect has yet to be restored in Libya, and not fulfilling thedemands set by responsibility to rebuild.
20. UPAYA INDONESIA DALAM PENANGANAN KASUS PEDOFILIA INTERNASIONAL DI PULAU BALI Septia, Merita Putri; Windiani, Reni; Basith Dir, andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 3, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

In this research, writer would like to analyze effort done by Indonesian government to handlepedophilia sexual harassment happened in its territory. Writer have chosen Bali as case studyas Bali is one of most favorite tourism destination both domestic and international so that itneeds special treatment from Central government and Local government. This research willbe conducted using qualitative method to describe the process and give a better understandingregarding certain issue. The research descriptive explanation depicting the background storyof pedophilia sexual harassment cases in Bali which ranked first as Indonesian provincewhich has highest cases of pedophilia, proven by the fact that more than 300 cases happenedin Bali. Writer use the Normative Theory of International relations to describe the relationbetween appropriate norms and its relations on creating laws regarding the issue. Apart fromdescriptive explanation, writer will examine on effort done by Indonesian government both interm of internal effort and external effort. According to the research result, Indonesia havedone internal effort to combat by creating Article No. 23, 2002 Indonesian Law regardingChild Protection. Indonesia also have a well-coordinated relations between Police,Immigration, and Komisi Perlindungan Anak. Externally, Indonesia also has cooperated withInterpol through National Police to have faster information exchange to reveal complicatedcases of Pedophilia.
24. INVESTING IN TRAGEDY: IMPLIKASI SUPLAI SENJATA CHINA TERHADAP SITUASI PASCA KONFLIK DI SUDAN, 2011-2014 Barreto Simanjuntak, Vicky Nauli; Windiani, Reni; Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

China is one of biggest actors in arms dealer in the world, and in Sudan, China has beenthe main supplier of weapons. However, Sudan is a country with a post-conflict situationwith weak government and is currently facing many rebel groups. The purpose of thisstudy is to determine the impact of the weapon circulation in post-conflict situations. Thisstudy is using the theory of Spoiler, which gives the emphasis of the resposibbility ofcertain actors in perpetruating or exacerbating crises in post-conflict region. China in thiscase, has been seen as the ‘opponent’ of the conflict as it continues supporting the sellingof the weapons in Sudan. The research revealas that the role of Chinese weapons in Sudanhas been very imminent in hampering the recovery processess in Sudan.
PERAN NCB INTERPOL INDONESIA DALAM MENANGANI KASUS TRANSNATIONAL INTERNET FRAUD TAHUN 2011-2014 Rakhmadani, Herweningtyas; Windiani, Reni; Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 1, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Indonesia is one among countries that has a growing rate of internet users.As any other country in the world, various activities in Indonesia are held inthe internet, such as communication. Despite its positive side, internet has anegative side that allows criminals to commit crimes within itself, such asfraud. This kind of crime is executed by the criminal by deceiving its potentialvictim with false information in order to fulfill its personal gains through thevery function of the internet, communication channel. The condition will getworse as the crime is undertaken transcending national boundary whichmake it more difficult for law enforcement agency to solve regarding thedifference of jurisdiction. To deal with the case, Indonesia has been in aninternational police cooperation called Interpol and works through itsNational Central Bureau, NCB Interpol, in Indonesia. This research aims toknow the role of NCB Interpol Indonesia in handling transnational internetfraud case and to analyze the efficiency of it. This research is descriptiveanalytical which employs qualitative method and theory of internationalorganization with liberalism paradigm to analyze the data collected throughliterature studies, documentation, and interview as well. The result showsthat NCB Interpol Indonesia has the role as a facilitator of the two parties,Indonesia and Interpol, and is efficient enough in the field.
Peran United Nations High Commissioner for Refugee (UNHCR) dalam Menangani Pengungsi Suriah Korban Sexual and Gender-based Violence (SGBV) di Lebanon Shabrina, Adinda Ayu; Windiani, Reni; Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 1, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Sexual and gender-based violence is a violence directed against someone based on their gender or sex. SGBV can happen not only in times of peace but also in times of war. This is also what happens in Lebanon to the refugees from Syria. These Syrian refugees have to face and deal with sexual violence and harrassment like rape, survival sex, and early marriage. This research will analyze the roles UNHCR have in handling SGBV victims in Lebanon using the international organization theory by Clive Archer and humanitarian diplomacy concept by Larry Minear and Hazel Smith. This research aims to identify the presence of each activities of humanitarian diplomacy in Lebanon and analyze the role of UNHCR according to the international organization theory. This research uses the literature study method with 2012-2016 set as its timeframe. The result of this research is that humanitarian diplomacy activities are present in Lebanon, and UNHCR has played its role as an international organization in Lebanon.
15. POSISI AMERIKA SERIKAT TERHADAP REZIM DASAR LAUT INTERNASIONAL OTORITA DASAR LAUT INTERNASIONAL Nugroho, Arif Satrio; Putranti, Ika Riswanti; Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

International Seabed Authority came as an international organization that provided aregime to minimize the territory conflict that feared would be happened among states andminimizing environmental crime that would be occurred in international seabed area whichare beyond any national jurisdiction. As a part of UNCLOS and 1994 Agreement Part XI,the Authority was an international organization which duty is to manage seabed area thatlocated in international territory. But, in its development, United States as an activeparticipant of law of sea treaty development decided to decline the concept of InternationalSeabed Authority and reject the Authority as an international seabed regime until date.United States decided to not join International Seabed Authority and decline mining codeof the Authority as international seabed regime because of politic, economic, social andenvironmental factors which is less profitable if US joined the Authority. Meanwhile,international seabed regime that was built by the Authority is also not in line with USnational interest in international seabed management. Therefore, US established DSHMRA(Deep Seabed Hard Mineral Resource Act) as an alternative legal act to carry out theactivities in the Area. By DSHMRA, US interest in building the hegemony of seabedmanagement could be more facilitated.
Logika Kepantasan di Sangihe-Talaud: Kerjasama Indonesia-Amerika Serikat dalam INDEX-SATAL Feliatra, Kevin Rafif; Basith Dir, Andi Akhmad
Journal of International Relations Volume 6, Nomor 1, Tahun 2020
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

INDEX-SATAL (Indonesian Exploration–Sangihe-Talaud Expeditions) is a cooperation led by the United States to explore Sangihe-Talaud, region in Indonesia, which is very rich in deep sea’s natural resources. This collaboration is a form of Marine Scientific Research. The main problem in this issue is that the US has a bad reputation in international sea regime and historically had eroded the wealth of Indonesian mines. This research then discuss why Indonesia continues to accept United States despite these risks. This research uses the perspective of the Logic of Appropriateness, which explains that state will do something that fulfills moral obligations that come from such situations, identity, role, and membership in political community. The research method is explanative by using literature reviews. The result show that the US was accepted by Indonesia due to the alignment of situation and Indonesia’s identity, the role of Indonesia as UNCLOS’ ratified country, and Indonesia’s moral responsibility as a maritime nation.
Co-Authors Achmad, Audrey Rachalia Adhicahya, Adam Maulana Almira Devina Phedra Phelia, Almira Devina Arif Satrio Nugroho, Arif Satrio Ary Melysa, Ary Beltazar A Krisetya, Beltazar A Feliatra, Kevin Rafif Fendy E Wahyudi, Fendy E Fendy Eko Wahyudi, Fendy Eko Ghiebiel Fido Caliptra, Ghiebiel Fido Hermini Susiatiningsih Herweningtyas Rakhmadani, Herweningtyas Ika Riswanti Putranti Khoiriyah, Khakimatul Marten Hanura, Marten Merita Putri Septia, Merita Putri Mohamad Rosyidin Nadia Farabi, Nadia Oktiana, Eldya Prativi, Cindana Ekki Putri, Alfiandia Vamyla Azhar Reni Windiani Reza Haidar Kamal, Reza Haidar Rr. Hermini S, Rr. Hermini Sari Widia Setyawati, Sari Widia Satwika Paramasatya, Satwika Shabrina, Adinda Ayu Shara Yosevina Simanjuntak, Shara Yosevina Shary Charlotte H.P, Shary Charlotte Sheiffi Puspapertiwi, Sheiffi Siahaan, Steven Theonald P. Siswanto, Lisa Cahyanida Tamba, Rolas Sauriana Tri Cahya Utama Tri Cahyo Utomo Vicky Nauli Barreto Simanjuntak, Vicky Nauli Vidyastutie, Anggraeni Maulia Wandasari, Dwi Arum Wibowo, Maulana Satria Wijayanti, Rahayu Hana Yaneski, Arifa Filza